Effect of Xanthohumol Added to Diet on Blood Biochemistry in Japanese Quails

In this paper, we monitored to effect of xanthohumol added to diet on blood biochemistry in Japanese quails. Forty Japanese quails breeds lines Pharaoh were included in the experiment. The quails were randomly divided into two groups: one control and one experimental group with supplementation by xanthohumol in feed. In the evaluation of biochemical parameters, we focused on total protein, albumin, globulin, glucose, cholesterol and enzyme activity of AST (Aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (Alanine aminotransferase) and ɤ-GT (ɤ-Glutamyltransferase). Statistical comparisons were made between group with supplementation by xanthohumol in feed and the control group. Total protein and albumin levels were significantly differed between groups (P <0.05). A significant decrease in AST activity (P <0.05) was observed in supplementation group relative to control group.

Supplementation with Agave fourcroydes powder on growth performance, carcass traits, organ weights, gut morphometry, and blood biochemistry in broiler rabbits

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with Agave fourcroydes powder on growth performance, carcass traits, organ weights, gut morphometry, and blood biochemistry in broiler rabbits. A total of 40 male rabbits (New Zealand × Californian) weaned at 35 d were randomly selected for a control diet (CD) and CD + 1.5% of A. fourcroydes powder, with 10 replicates and two rabbits per replicate. After 60 d, A. fourcroydes powder increased body weight, feed intake, and weight gain (P<0.05), without affecting feed conversion ratio and viability (P>0.05). Furthermore, this natural product did not affect the edible portions and the indicators determined in the Longissimus dorsi, nor the organ relative weights and the intestinal morphometry (P>0.05); however, a decrease in cecal pH was observed and consequently an increase in cecal beneficial bacteria (P<0.05) were found. Also, A. fourcroydes powder reduced (P<0.05) the serum concentration of glucose, harmful lipids, HDL and atherogenic index although without change for the ureic nitrogen, creatinine and VLDL (P>0.05). Agave fourcroydes powder as a zootechnical additive promoted better growth, in addition, it showed lipid-lowering and hypoglycemic effects, without modifying the edible portions and organs digestive.

Essential Oil Delivery Route: Effect on Broiler Chicken’s Growth Performance, Blood Biochemistry, Intestinal Morphology, Immune, and Antioxidant Status

This study evaluated the effect of an essential oil blend and its delivery routes on broiler chicken growth performance, blood biochemistry, intestinal morphology, and immune and antioxidant status. Eggs were incubated and allotted to 3 groups: non-injected group, in ovo saline group, and in ovo essential oil group. On d 18 of incubation, essential oil in saline or saline alone was injected into the amnion. At hatch, chicks were assigned to post-hatch treatment combinations (1) in ovo essential oil + in-water essential oil (in ovo + in-water EO); (2) in ovo essential oil (in ovo EO); (3) in ovo saline; (4) in-water essential oil; (5) in-feed antibiotics (Bacitracin methylene disalicylate) and (6) a negative control (NC; corn-wheat-soybean diet) in 8 replicate cages (6 birds/cage) and raised for 28 d. The in ovo EO group reduced (p < 0.05) chick length and hatchability, all groups recorded no difference in growth performance at 0–28 d. The in ovo + in-water EO treatment reduced (p < 0.05) blood creatine kinase and aspartate aminotransferase levels whilst increasing (p < 0.05) total antioxidant capacity in birds. The in ovo + in-water delivery of EO might represent a potential antibiotic reduction strategy for the poultry industry but more research is needed to address the concern of reduced hatchability.

Clinical and immunological characteristics of moderate-to-severe forms of COVID-19 at different levels of the tissue damage marker (lactate dehydrogenase)

Objective: To study the features of the immune status in patients with a moderate-to-severe course of COVID-19, depending the levels of blood lactate dehydrogenase.Materials and Methods: A total of 24 patients with a moderate-to-severe form of COVID-19 were examined. The control group consisted of 21 healthy volunteers. Methods: clinical, paraclinical (computed tomography of the lungs; complete blood count, blood biochemistry; immunological studies), statistical.Results: Changes in complete blood count and blood biochemistry in patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 consist in granulocytosis, lymphopenia, monocytopenia, and an increase in the level of C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, with a simultaneous decrease in the total protein content. In patients with high levels of lactate dehydrogenase, a redistribution of lymphocyte populations towards B-cells was revealed with a decrease in the total number of T-cells. At the same time, there was a decrease in the production of IgM and IgG and a simultaneous increase in the synthesis of IgA.Conclusions: The increase in blood LDH in COVID-19 patients is associated with a decrease in the content of T-cells due to severe lymphopenia, and a simultaneous increase in the content of B-cells without adequate enhancement of their antibody production function.

Transcatheter aortic valve thrombosis: a review of potential mechanisms

Transcatheter aortic valve (TAV) thrombosis has been recognized as a significant problem that sometimes occurs as early as within 30 days after valve implantation, leading to increased concerns of stroke and long-term valve durability. In this article, a critical summary of the relevant literature on identifying potential mechanisms of TAV thrombosis from the perspective of the well-known Virchow's triad, which comprises blood flow, foreign materials and blood biochemistry, is presented. Blood flow mechanisms have been the primary focus thus far, with a general consensus on the flow mechanisms with respect to haemodynamic conditions, the influence of TAV placement and expansion and the influence of coronary flow. Less attention has been paid to the influence of blood biochemistry and foreign materials (and related endothelial damage), with little consensus among studies with regards to platelet and/or microparticle levels post-TAV implantation. Finally, we discuss the future outlook for research with unanswered scientific questions.

Gill and Skin Oxygen Uptake, Biochemical, Hematological, and Histological Responses of Eel (Anguilla bicolor bicolor) Exposed to Air

Research on the Anguilla bicolor bicolor McClelland, 1844 eels has been widely proposed, but study related to air oxygen uptake through gills and skin for A. bicolor bicolor has not been found. This information is very important in the development of future cultivation technology. This study aims to analyze the oxygen uptake of A. bicolor bicolor through gills and skin, blood biochemistry, blood image and histology to air exposure. Eels were exposed to air for one hour (A), two hours (B) and three hours (C), and eels in the water were used as control. A total of 66 fish (77.68±1.54 g) of eels were imported from Bogor City, Indonesia. Oxygen uptake from the air through the gills and skin reduced with longer exposure time. After 3 hours of exposure time, the percentage of oxygen uptake through the gills decreased from 64.52% to 54.29% and the percentage of oxygen uptake through the skin increased from 35.48% to 45.71%. Eels use different proportions of their gills and skin together when exposed to air. Air exposure affected the blood biochemistry values, blood image and showed the highest values on air exposure for 3 hours.