Perusahaan Judi Online Sebagai Sponsor Klub Sepak Bola Profesional di Indonesia Ditinjau dari Aspek Hukum Pidana

Professional sports are sports that are organized to get income from a skill. One of the most popular sport is football. In Indonesia, the Local Government Budget is not allocated to the professional football club. So, the professional football club establishes sponsorship collaboration with other agencies. For example, in league 1 2020 Indonesia’s football competition, there was a cooperation between a professional football club with an initial “PSKB” and an online gambling site with an initial “S” as a sponsorship partner. Reviewed by a criminal law aspect, it can cause a problem because there’s an indication violates a positive law in Indonesia. The result of the study research showed that the club’s action potentially violates Article 27 paragraph (2) Law Concerning Information and electronic transactions because the club promoted a thing aim to information about online gambling. Criminal responsibility can be imposed on the club as a corporation and/or director.Keywords: Professional football club; Online Gambling site; Sponsorship; Social Media; Corporation.AbstrakOlahraga professional merupakan olahraga yang diperuntukan untuk memperoleh pendapatan dalam bentuk uang atau lainnya atas kemaharian berolahraga. Kepopularitasan sepakbola sebagai salah satu olahraga yang digemari. Di Indonesia pendanaan sepak bola professional tidak diperoleh dari APBD, sehingga klub sepak bola professional mendapatkan dana dengan salah satu cara yaitu menjalin kerjasama sponsorship dengan pihak lain. Sebagai contohnya pada penyelenggaraan Liga 1 tahun 2020 sebagai kompetisi sepak bola, adanya kerjasama sponsorship yang dijalin antara klub sepak bola professional berinisial “PSKB” dengan situs judi online berinisial “S”. Hal tersebut apabila ditinjau dari aspek hukum pidana dapat menimbulkan permasalahan dimana terdapat indikasi atau potensi melanggar aturan hukum positif di Indonesia. Hasil penelitian penulis menunjukan Perbuatan klub tersebut dapat berpotensi melanggar ketentuan Pasal 27 ayat (2) UU ITE, dikarenakan klub tersebut mempromosikan hal yang mengarah pada informasi yang memuat perjudi online. Serta, pertanggungjawaban pidananya dapat dibebankan kepada pengurus dan/atau korporasi. Kata Kunci: Klub Sepak Bola Profesional; Situs Judi Online; Sponsorship; Sosial Media; Korporasi.

Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Sampah: Antara Permasalahan Lingkungan dan Percepatan Pembangunan Energi Terbarukan

The government is trying to encourage the use of renewable energy, one of which is from waste to energy power plant. Efforts to accelerate the development of the plant are carried out through Presidential Regulation Number 35 of 2018. However, only one plant has been operating commercially since May 6th, 2021. This study aims to describe the development, the obstacles, and whether the plant is a solution to meet electricity needs or environmental problems. Through qualitative research, we found that the plant in Surabaya has been operating commercially; the plants in Surakarta and DKI Jakarta are in the construction stage; the plants in Palembang and Tangerang are in the stage of confirming the developer, and the rest are still on auction stage, Pre- Feasibility Study, Outline Business Case, or Final Business Case. The high tipping fee, limited local government budget, overestimation of potential for waste as electricity, limited competent human resources, the high selling price of the plant electricity, and no bankable guarantee for investment are obstacles to the plant development. The thermal plant is an instant solution for cities with above 1.000 ton/day waste and limited land for landfills. In the future, there should be regulatory support through the Renewable Energy Bill to overcome the obstacles. In addition, there should be a careful calculation of the energy potential of waste, a minimum budget allocation of 2–3% for waste management and preparing capable human resources, providing adequate waste collection and transportation infrastructure, and educating the public on sorting waste. AbstrakPemerintah berupaya mendorong pemanfaatan energi terbarukan, salah satunya dengan membangun Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Sampah (PLTSa). Upaya mempercepat pembangunan PLTSa dilakukan melalui Peraturan Presiden Nomor 35 Tahun 2018. Namun, hingga 6 Mei 2021 hanya satu PLTSa telah beroperasi secara komersial. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan perkembangan pembangunan PLTSa, kendala-kendala dan permasalahan pengembangannya, dan apakah PLTSa solusi pemenuhan kebutuhan listrik atau mengatasi masalah lingkungan. Melalui penelitian kualitatif, diketahui 1 PLTSa sudah beroperasi secara komersial (di Surabaya), 2 PLTSa dalam tahap konstruksi (di Surakarta dan DKI Jakarta), 2 PLTSa dalam tahap sudah ada pengembang (di Palembang dan Tangerang), dan sisanya masih dalam tahap lelang, Pre-Feasibility Study, Outline Business Case, atau Final Business Case. Lambatnya pembangunan PLTSa terjadi karena tingginya tipping fee, anggaran pemerintah daerah terbatas, over estimasi potensi listrik dari sampah, keterbatasan sumber daya manusia yang kapabel, tingginya harga jual listrik PLTSa, tidak adanya insentif bagi pengembang, dan tidak adanya jaminan bankable untuk investasi. PLTSa termal merupakan solusi instan mengatasi permasalahan lingkungan untuk kota dengan produksi sampah di atas 1.000 ton/hari dan keterbatasan lahan untuk TPA. Untuk itu, perlu ada dukungan regulasi melalui RUU EBT mengenai harga jual listrik PLTSa yang bersaing, insentif bagi pengembang PLTSa, dan jaminan bankable untuk investasi PLTSa. Selain itu, perlu ada perhitungan secara cermat potensi energi dari sampah, alokasi APBD minimal 2–3% untuk pengelolaan sampah, dan menyiapkan sumber daya manusia yang kapabel, menyediakan sarana prasarana pengumpulan dan pengangkutan sampah yang memadai, dan mengedukasi masyarakat untuk memilah sampah.

Urban and Spatial Planning: Pragmatic Considerations for Plan Implementation Improvements (A Case Study of the City of Bor)

The main task of planning documents is to achieve maximal rationality in the use of space, spatial resources, and balanced territorial development. The preparation of plans is regulated by a legislative framework, which embraces multiple phases and stakeholders. In a perfect planning process, it would be expected that all the elements are well coordinated and brought to common understanding, but in reality, obstacles and challenges can occur in any of these steps, especially in the implementation phase. Although a plan is fully prepared to be practiced, its implementation might be omitted. Therefore, this article analyzes the full process of spatial and urban planning from the perspective of plan implementation. The methodology is based on a combination of different data collection methods (interviews, fieldwork, direct observation) with the analysis of plans and the particular mention of those plans that picture the implementation issues the most. Also, legislative acts and semi-annual and annual reports on the achievements of the local government budget are analyzed. The approach indicates that plan implementation depends the most on the willingness of the government to perform changes in the system and to peruse punitive policy comprehensively. Although it is about implementation at the local level, the success primarily depends on clear definitions given in the legislative acts, freedom of the local communities to make their own decisions, and financial decentralization, side by side with the regional and local circumstances, institutional technical and staff capacities, and application of participatory planning that involves actors from various sectors.

Problems of formation of the income component of local budgets within the administrative-territorial reform in Ukraine

Reform of local autonomy and local organizational power has been fully initiated in Ukraine since 2015. Decentralization is one of the biggest changes in the process of European integration, aimed at forming a real local autonomous government, starting from the basic level — united communities. The newly formed community of the united territories must be able to provide the existing government and provide public services at the appropriate level. The main level of socio-economic stability in the administrative region largely depends on the correspondence and balance between the received financial resources and powers. It is expected that the introduction of the agricultural land market may lead to significant changes in the tax structure of integrated communities. The status and trends of formation and development of local budgets are influenced by certain provisions of the regulatory framework. Currently, the revenue side of the local government budget relies too much on government programs and grants, which complicates the work of local communities in the process of self-stimulating their economic development. At the same time, it is proved that special attention should be paid to the search for additional revenues to local budgets, which would compensate for the expected losses from the personal income tax on shares. It is also necessary to take measures to improve the administration process and ensure the proper implementation of the fiscal function of local taxes and fees. In particular, there is an objective need to study the possibility of transferring the administration of certain local taxes and providing access to relevant registers (in the case of property tax) to local governments, which will ensure adequate local tax revenues to relevant budgets and partially address the tax debt.

PERLUASAN KEWENANGAN BPK DALAM MENGAWASI KEUANGAN NEGARA DI LINGKUP PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH

State budget management is tightly related to how the existing state law regulates fiscal relationship between the central government and the regional-local governments. The authority granted to regional-local government to manage their own budgeting more or less autonomously in practice results in mismanagement, misuse of available financial resources and even corruption. Unfettered and unchecked financial leakage at the regional government level may and have resulted in failure to realize and implement projects much needed by society. In light of this situation, a justified need arise for state intervention to monitor-control planning and realization of regional-local government budget. The author proposed the expansion of the Audit Board of the Republic Indonesia’s authority. They should not passively wait for financial reports to be submitted but actively assist regional-local government in planning their own budget, monitor the spending and realization of it and lastly, provide assistance in drafting the final report.

User Funded? Using Budgets to Examine the Scope and Revenue Impact of Fines and Fees in the Criminal Justice System

Criminal justice system fines and fees are a source of revenue for courts, district attorneys, probation departments, and other actors both inside and outside of the justice system. Because these departments rely on fine and fee revenue to partially fund their budgets, they may be incentivized to oppose reforms that would reduce fine and fee collections. Using budget documents from counties and a sample of municipalities in Florida and New York, the authors find that budget reports provide more detailed data on fines and fees than are available from other data sources, including information on which types of fines and fees are collected and how much revenue criminal justice fines and fees provide, both on a per-capita basis and as a share of the total jurisdiction budget. This paper presents a replicable methodology for future research in how to use local government budget documents to evaluate fine and fee collections. A larger, forthcoming study will use this methodology to examine fine and fee collections in five states.

Pendekatan Bottom Up Budgeting dalam Penganggaran Pemerintah Daerah (Studi tentang Penganggaran Partisipatif di Komunitas Nelayan Miskin di Kawasan Pantai Prigi Kabupaten Trenggalek)

Development programs dan projects funded by public budget (APBN and APBD) are frequently not inline with needs of the local fishermen. Due to this situation, there shoud be a participative forums to facilitate and accommodate interests of local communities in the formulation process of public budgeting. In the context of APBD (local government budget) budgeting, participatory events are implemented in form of Musrenbang (Discussion for Development Planning). The current article intends to describe and critically analise participatory forums of Musrenbang utilised by fishermen to participate in the process of APBD budgeting. Also, the paper aims at analising prominent constraining factors to optimise participation of local fishermen in the Musrenbang forums as manifestation of bottom-up budgeting approach. The article is written based on reseach conducted in the Regency of Trenggalek and the coastal area of Prigi. This study applies qualitative approach with analytical descriptive as its type. Data of the research are collected through interview, observation, and documentation. Furthermore, collected data got analysed in three stages include data condensation, data display, and drawing conclusion. The results demonstrate that the Musrenbang forums get executed in five phases as follows (1) village level Musrenbang; (2) sub-district level Musrenbang; (3) SKPD (local government agencies) Forum; (4) regency level Musrenbang; and (5) Pasca regency level Musrenbang. The local fishermen are mostly able to directly participate only at village level Musrenbang as participation at higher level Musrenbangs is commonly in form of representative participation. Quality of participation is also considerably weak because of time lack, education lack, inappropriate timing, and apathy of fishermen.

Whither Chinese Market Socialism?

This paper aims to shed light on where China’s reform process is heading by tracing the trajectory of its market-oriented reforms. It shows that Chinese market socialism is facing a dilemma. Developing the capital market and hardening local government budget constraints which are necessary for the structural adjustment of the economy would require China to go beyond the limits of market socialism. Focusing on socialist values and ideology might gain more political traction for the party but could also seriously change the political climate and trigger an unorganized collective action among government officials that unleashes massive bureaucratic interventions and destroys the market’s vitality.

HANDLING COVID-19 THROUGH ACCELERATING THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT BUDGET (Policy Implementation Study About Acceleration Local government budget)

Covid-19 causes health, economic and social problems throughout the world, including Indonesia and Malang City, in particular, therefore regional financial policies are needed as an effort to overcome them. This study aims to analyze and describe the acceleration of Malang City Budget adjustment in 2020 in the framework of handling Covid-19, as well as the driving and inhibiting factors, by referring to the theory of public policy implementation and the concept of regional finance. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Data from observations, interviews, and documentation were analyzed through the condensation stage, presentation, and drawing conclusions or verification. The results showed that the first and second APBD (Regional Budget) adjustments were made before central government instructions. The third stage of adjustment is a continuation of the previous two stages. The first stage adjustment results in IDR. 2,150,000,000, -. The second stage generates IDR. 83,900,000.00, which is reallocated for social assistance in the amount of IDR.26,244,000,000, - the provision of health equipment and facilities for IDR. 26,900,000, and a reserve fund of IDR.30,756,000,000. The third phase of APBD adjustments resulted in IDR.210,720,000,000. This figure also shows the Malang City APBD deficit. Policies have been implemented successfully and quickly according to the provisions because the implementers, namely TAPD (Local Government Budget Team), have adequate understanding, attitude, and speed in coordinating and managing budgets. The availability of a budget that is not prepared by the community to face the new standard era is challenging in adjusting the APBD. Recommended that the Malang City Government form a special team to conduct studies and design concrete productive programs and encourage Malang City Budget in the pandemic and post-pandemic era to reduce dependency, as well as prepare human Resources.