A possible review by the European ministry of education in 2050—by a reluctant manager of Europe’s path towards educational dependency

Murat Adam is head of policy and curriculum for the European ministry of education. Political pressure is rising. Media channels across the European federation are labeling the continent as the most recent member of the education periphery. In Mr Adam’s world, curricular authority transpires from the big 3, the North American Union (NAU), China, and Russia. Credibility and endorsement are educational currencies—institutional capital as Bourdieu once defined it, reigns. Mr Adam’s battle is already lost, member states of the European federation have lost their educational means of production, but he cannot afford to admit that. European teachers’ credentials increasingly force graduates into care taking jobs at digital day cares. These are a response to US teachers’ and practitioners’ revolts of the late 20s, linked to perceived multisensory impoverishment of digitally schooled children. Just like in South Asia, Africa, and South America, digital day cares merely provide the digital and social framework and setup K-12 students to listen to internationally accredited professionals teach from China, Russia, and the NAU. Day and night shifts are common. He knows that the European federation lost the contest, by the time it decided not to invest into its own internet infrastructure. The educational first world’s curricular authority would not have been possible without the three nations’ proprietary server architecture, which commodified bandwidth and connectivity. The internet of the past is nothing more than a front for the three de-facto mutually exclusive digital ecosystems, provided by China, the NAU, and Russia.

KONFLIK AGRARIA DI KECAMATAN SEMBALUN KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR NUSA TENGGARA BARAT 1979–2019

ABSTRACT This study discusses agrarian conflicts that occurred in Sembalun District, East Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara from 1979–2019. The problems in this study are: 1) Why are there agrarian conflicts in Sembalun District? 2) What are the forms of agrarian conflict that occurred in Sembalun District? The method used is the Critical Historical Method. Meanwhile, the theory used is Historical Dialectical Materialism from Karl Marx and Conflict theory from Ralf Dahrendorf. The results of this study indicate that the agrarian conflict in Sembalun District in 1979–2019 was a structural agrarian conflict. It takes the form of conflicting claims between the Sembalun indigenous peoples and the government and companies regarding who has the right to access land and natural resources. The main cause of the conflict is the lack of community land that becomes their means of production to meet their material subsistence needs. This is due to the practice of negarasasi (land acquisition) carried out by the government and negating the customary law system in agrarian management in Sembalun. Conflict becomes less powerful when the massive Sembalun peasant community defends their land, and tries to restore the customary law system or what is called negation over negation. Keywords: Agrarian Conflict, Sembalun Society, Historical Dialectical Materialism.

Impact of human resources managent policies and practices on the productivity and efficicency of Sudanese companies : a case study National Electricity Corporation (NEC)

Impact of human resources managent policies and practices on the productivity and efficicency of Sudanese companies : a case study National Electricity Corporation (NEC) The study aimed to figure out the impact of employment policies on the productivity and efficiency of Sudanese companies, also the effect of technology on employees’ skills and capabilities, moreover to sec the importance of IIRM systems and health and safety policies on productivity and efficiency. The researcher used the analytical descriptive approach that shows results as: There exists positive relationship between IIRM policies and practices and companies’ productivity and efficiency, also there exists statistically significant relationship between the effectiveness of IIRM cycle and productivity and efficiency of NEC, and the technological innovations require increasing employee skills and abilities to use the modern means of production

Theological Revolution and the Idea of Equality

The transition in Europe from a predominantly agricultural society dominated by a landed aristocracy to an emerging commercial one with an expanding bourgeoisie gave birth to a reformulated expression of Christianity whose doctrines could better legitimate the new institutions and practices of commercial society. Whereas Catholicism provided an ideology that justified the landlords’ capture of economic surplus, Protestantism legitimated the emerging bourgeoisie’s ability to do the same. Protestantism’s privileging of work and asceticism afforded social respectability to the bourgeoisie and ideological support for its capturing a share of society’s surplus. It gave legitimacy to the harsh social treatment of a rising class of wage workers who had been separated from any ownership, control, or ready access to the means of production. Protestantism served as a transitional religion between a traditional agricultural world dominated by Catholic doctrine and a more modern commercial one dominated by secular thought.

The Impact of Microplastic on Human Health

Background: Microplastics are considered an emerging contaminant due to their wide distribution and production in the environment, representing constant exposure to humans. However, little is known about the effects it can trigger in the body. Objective: To establish a concrete relationship between microplastics and the human body, their means of production, exposure, systemic responses, and diseases caused by their presence Methods: In this context, a review article of foreign and national literature was developed, through the PubMed and Scielo Indexers, where studies were found that address the production of plastic, the paths that lead to the production of microplastics and the exposure and damage that it represents to human health, being possible to exclude the literary sums with a publication date before 2017 Results: hey showed that translocation of the residues occurs to the circulatory and lymphatic system via the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. Once in the body, microplastic can stimulate a chronic inflammatory response that functions as a precursor to neoplasia and fibrosis, or carry toxic compounds such as heavy metals, endogenous disruptors, biofilms, and persistent organic pollutants. In addition, lung biopsies have shown plastic fibers in patients with respiratory diseases, highlighting a potentially dangerous accumulation. Conclusion: The present moment demonstrates that experimental research to prove the effect of microplastics is extremely necessary, since the controversy among authors and the repetition of information already described affirm that the research done so far is not sufficient.

An Optimality Theory-Based Approach into the Phonotactic Constraints of English Spoken by Broadcasters in Nigeria

<p style="text-align: justify;">One of the observations in the English spoken particularly in Nigeria is phonotactic constraints. The constraints pin down the generalization which guide the articulation of sequences of phonemes. The paper examines the patterns of English consonant clusters articulation of Nigerian broadcasters in the onset and coda positions against Received Pronunciation English. The study is conducted within the framework of Optimality Theory (henceforth OT). 20 radio and television broadcasters from 4 electronic media were selected as participants. Data were obtained by means of production test and OT was employed for the analysis. The findings revealed that the participants used epenthetic vowels to break-up consonants clusters in the onset and consonant deletion to simplify clusters in the coda. The subjects’ productions can be captured by ranking Markedness constraints higher than Faithfulness constraints.</p>

Entrepreneurship and Decentralised Investment in a Planned Economy

Since the 1980s, authors of the Austrian School have argued that the problem of rational allocation in a planned economy is not computational or technical in nature (static optimisation, with given information) but a question of dynamic efficiency (innovation and the creation of new information), and that this would be impossible without market processes and free entrepreneurship. In this article, we argue to the contrary that a planned economy can effectively drive dynamic efficiency. We first reveal that the Austrian thesis on the impossibility of dynamic efficiency in socialist planning is based on tautological arguments, or on problems already solved by technological development. Secondly, we present an institutional formula for promoting innovative activities and entrepreneurship within a framework of social ownership of the means of production and social control of investment.

APPROACH TO ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE USE OF ENTERPRISES’ FIXED ASSETS

To date, there are a variety of indicators for assessing the effectiveness of the company's fixed assets, using which it is possible to obtain a comprehensive analysis of the key aspects of the use of resources, their structure, dynamics, degree of reproduction. At the same time, the nature of the use of fixed assets varies significantly depending on the industry affiliation or scale of activities, which dictates the need for adjustments to take into account all these factors. Most of the fixed assets used at Russian enterprises were acquired 12-20 years ago, which causes a decrease in the efficiency of their use. The low level of fund recovery, and its subsequent decline in the country as a whole, and especially in industry, suggests the need for in-depth analysis to find the impact of factors and their subsequent impact. When calculating performance indicators, efficiency indicators are used, which are reflected in the accounting statements, which do not reflect the total volume of products produced. The nature of equipment use is low by the degree of involvement in the production process. All of these factors together have a negative impact on the performance of the means of production. The article provides a possible option for using factor analysis methods, the use of which will allow for informed management decisions on the structure of equipment, its replacement, nature and intensity of use.

Determination of soil scores for the purpose of further calculating the cadastral value of agricultural land

The paper discusses the most important property of the land – soil fertility, which characterizes it as a productive force and the main means of production, as well as a price-forming factor. This ability is the main specific feature of agricultural land. Fertility is understood as the ability of the soil to provide a crop, the level of which depends on the objective properties of the soil itself, climatic conditions and farming culture. This property is the result of soil-forming natural processes, and when used in agriculture, it is also the result of cultivation. It has a huge impact on the value of an agricultural land plot as an object of valuation.

SIGNIFICANT INFLUENCE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTIVE FORCES ON THE SOCIAL SITUATION OF HUMANITY

Scientific provisions on the social development of mankind in the third millennium in Ukraine and in the world are revealed. It is established that this direction is the result of the emergence in this period of a global continuous ecological, natural and socio-economic crisis of all mankind. In particular, the socio-economic crisis is manifested in the deterioration of socio-economic conditions of the vast majority of people and arise through the private-individual economic system of capitalism based on private ownership of means of production and class division of economic spheres. It is in this environment that the social contradictions between the two classes of owners for the means of production and the labor force, which can be reconciled in an evolutionary way under the influence of objective economic laws and the universe, mature. Such laws include such as the universal law of equilibrium, the law of human evolution, the social development of production relations in accordance with the level and quality of achievement of productive forces. Therefore, the progress of social relations is seen as a derivative of the development of productive forces, as a historical inevitability. The quantitative expression of the combination as the level of productive forces and production relations in the article considers the category of labor potential of society, in relation to which social development and change are determined, so the formula of its quantitative definition is revealed.