Europeanisation in Southeastern Europe

Despite relatively recent enlargement rounds, the European Union (EU) is bound to enlarge even further. Yet, for a country to be admissible into the club, it must have successfully Europeanised in multiple areas. Against that background, this chapter aims to assess why apparently similar candidate countries in the Balkans manage the Europeanisation process with widely divergent degrees of success. To answer that question, a diverse and well-established literature review is accounted for, while applying rationalist and sociological approaches to new unexplored cases and examining specific domestic pre-conditions and factors regarding their potential to induce Europeanisation. By assessing past enlargement rounds, notably the Central and Eastern European enlargement and the ongoing Western Balkans enlargement, the objective is to provide for a thorough account of the effectiveness of Europeanisation in the Balkans, especially as regards EU conditionality in the area of the rule of law.

Islamic Constitutionalism: Social Movement and the Framework of the Indonesian Constitution

The main purpose of this article is to discuss Islamic constitutionalism in the context of Indonesian social movements. Constitutionalism is part of the study of constitutional law when the discussion focuses on the concept of limiting the power of the government. Using historical and sociological approaches, this article examines socio-political circumstances in Muslim society and their relationship to the spirit of constitutionalism in Indonesia. Indonesia does not explicitly name any particular religion in its Constitution, even though most of its population is Muslim. After a series of constitutional reforms over 1999– 2002, there was no formalization of Islam in the Constitution. Two important academic questions arise when dealing with this phenomenon. First, to what extent are Indonesia’s religious social movements involved in constructing the narrative of constitutionalism? Second, how do the spirit of constitutionalism and Islam play a role in strengthening Indonesia’s Constitution? This article notes that some Muslims in Indonesia have been striving to build a narrative of Islamic constitutionalism through social movements since the nation’s pre- independence era. Nevertheless, this Islamic constitutionalism has not resulted in the formalization of an Islamic constitution in Indonesia due to several factors: the historical roots of the nation’s establishment, the pluralist stance of Indonesia’s mainstream civil Islamic movements, and the presence of the Pancasila as the state ideology. This article also reveals that Indonesia’s Muslim majority and religious authorities play a role in building the spirit of constitutionalism; however, the formalization of a specific religion as the basis of the constitution has never been realized in Indonesia.

A Corpus-based Proposal for Teaching a Translational Habitus: Initial dialogues with Bourdieu’s sociological approaches

There is a growing body of literature that recognises the importance of Social Sciences in Translation Studies, such as the discussions surrounding the translational habitus, developed by Simeoni, Wolf, Inghilleri and Sela-Sheffy. In our research, we associate these ideas to corpora methodologies to analyse terminological usages as part of a professional behaviour. We hypothesise that when translation students previously face the most frequent terms extracted from a parallel corpus as well as their keyness and contexts, they replicate the same translational strategies in their texts, which can indicate their competencies eligible by their habitus.

Metode Komunikasi Dakwah Rasulullah (Kajian Tematik dalam Kitab Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim)

This research aims to find out the methods of da'wah and communication of the Prophet (peace be upon him) in the book of Ṣaḥiḥ Muslim. The research method used is a qualitative library study with historical, normative and sociological approaches. The results of this study show that the methods of da'wah communication used by the Prophet include: methods of correspondence, patience, tenderness, methods of denial of imperisibility, priority scale, ease, bringing good news, methods of clarification, and praying. The methods of da'wah used by the Prophet are quite diverse so that these methods can be used in accordance with the conditions of mad'u faced by the dais. All elements of communication are carried out by the Prophet very precisely. The quality of the communicator can be seen in his integrity which has a nature of patience and a soft heart.

Creative Social Potential of Digital Society

In the article, the authors consider the phenomenon of creativity, creativity as a demanded competence in contemporary society. Artists, poets, composers, musicians, carriers of the so-called fine art creativity, have always been in demand. In the “fast” digital world, creativity takes on new characteristics, turns into a mass-market productive force. The public demand for creativity and the supply for this characteristic are undergoing noticeable changes now.Creativity has now become a demanded competence that can bring high income to its owners. The authors analyze the influence of common social institutions of socialization on the development of creativity. The article provides a definition of individual and social creativity, structuring the sociological approaches available in world science to the study of creativity and its nature. The authors introduce a new term — paracreativity and reveal its features.The authors come to the conclusion that society, by creating and maintaining social norms, aimed at developing inner freedom and creativity, contributes to the formation of happier social groups and thus individuals, where each individual has created conditions for the disclosure and realization of his creative potential for the benefit of himself and a large or small society, depending on the scale of the activity. Meanwhile, in the digital world, the creator himself regulates the scale of his activities, using/neglecting social networks.

Ökonomien der Liebe

Using the terms »reproductive labour« and »care«, the contribution traces the feminist discourse on (domestic) labour. The focus is on two publications from 1977 and 2019 that, despite different theoretical traditions, refer to love as a justification for gendered social inequalities. However, love is conceptualised here one-dimensionally as an inequality-creating variable. For this reason, the contribution argues for an integration of emotion-sociological approaches into the current care debate.

The Gift and Open Science

This article illustrates how social structures and behaviours of scientists in the societal sub-system of open science resemble patterns analysed in The Gift, an essay written by Marcel Mauss nearly 100 years ago. The presented analysis goes beyond existing interpretations of gift-giving in science. The latter has mainly focussed on the exchange of knowledge and citations. I argue that The Gift explains also identity, competition, co-opetition, rituals and punishment. Mauss’s Gift is seen as a complementary model to existing economic and sociological approaches regularly used to analyse structures and behaviours in open science. By accentuating such an anthropological approach, I conclude that the Gift provides explanations for the stability and the expansion of the open science community.

Penggunaan Cadar dan Konsekuensinya bagi Muslimah (Analisis Komparatif Antara Wahdah Islamiyah dan Jemaah Tablig)

This study aims to identify and understand the differences in the use of the veil and its consequences for Muslimah Wahdah Islamiyah and Jama'ah Tablighi. Problems in research; (1) what is the use of the veil and the consequences for Muslimah Wahdah Islamiyah?; (2) what is the use of the veil and the consequences for Muslimah Jama'ah Tablighi? This research uses descriptive qualitative research with field research methods (Field Research). Using normative, historical and sociological approaches. Primary data sourced directly from sources. Secondary data in the form of literature and documents in the form of books, articles and others. The results showed that Muslimah Wahdah (MW) and Masturah had different views on the law of wearing the veil. Muslimah Wahdah (MW) places greater emphasis on independence for all cadres and sympathizers and even Muslim women in general to make their own choices. Choose an opinion that requires the wearing of the veil or choose an opinion that views the sunnah. There is no coercion and intervention. While Masturah is more likely to adhere to the opinion that requires the wearing of the veil, especially to all Muslim women of the Tablighi Jamaat. As for the selection of the model and the color of the veil used, there were no significant differences between these two Muslim da'wah movements. However, Muslimah Wahdah (MW) is more lenient in this regard. The consequences they face when wearing the veil are generally the same. Challenges from the family and community that they must face.

Whatsapp as Da’wah Sipakainge’ Media

This study aims to determine the use of WhatsApp as a media of da'wah sipakainge' for UIN Alauddin Makassar students, by raising the problem, namely how to use WhatsApp for UIN Alauddin students and why WhatsApp is used as a media for da'wah sipakainge' by UIN Alauddin Makassar students. This study examines the problem of using WhatsApp as a medium for preaching sipakainge' for UIN Alauddin Makassar students. This type of research is qualitative research using media, da'wah and sociological approaches as well as communication approaches. The data source of this research is the students of UIN Alauddin Makassar using data collection methods through observation, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. Data processing and analysis techniques are qualitative descriptive techniques. Based on the results of the research, it shows that students of UIN Alauddin Makassar have used WhatsApp as a media of da'wah for social media ', this was found in a number of questionnaire results and interviews with UIN Alauddin Makasar students, which stated that WhatsApp was a means of communication for students, WhatsApp was a media of da'wah, the use of WA in spreading sipakainge' da'wah, many students use WA in spreading sipakainge' da'wah to individuals or groups. Meanwhile, the reason WhatsApp is used as a medium for preaching sipakainge' by UIN Alauddin students is because of the low cost, because many students access it because it is easy to communicate in groups because it is very easy to find invitations of kindness as material for sipakainge’ da'wah because it is easy to send da'wah material to groups. The implication of this research is the need to utilize and direct students in using WhatsApp in the learning process and use it according to the actual function of creating WhatsApp media as well as possible.