Anti-Black Racism in Latin America

This article address the racialization phenomenon of the African population and their descendants, born in America from a socio-historical perspective; including: their kidnapping, transfer and slavery in the American continent during the colonial period. Also the article address the construction of imaginaries and narratives that allowed their exploitation, favored rejection and resistance to the abolition of slavery, and excluded the black population from the process of construction of the emerging Latin American Nation-States. The research investigates the role of Latin American blacks in the independence processes and problematizes the phenomenon of structural racism from a critical sociological perspective, as a factor for the physical and symbolic annihilation of the black and Afro-descendant population in the past and in Latin America today.

Family Matters: Trauma and the Legacy of War in James Allen Moad II’s Outside Paducah: The Wars at Home

Outside Paducah: The Wars at Home (2016), a play written and performed solo by James Allen Moad II, a former Air Force pilot, explores the enduring effects of war on American veterans and their families after soldiers return home from the battleground. The play moves beyond the individual representation of a traumatized veteran by addressing two intertwined issues: the collective and transgenerational burden of war, both in the form of physical wounds and/or moral injuries. Outside Paducah contributes to promoting the stage as a dynamic place to think about the war legacy and to question and challenge war itself by stressing the importance of understanding the cost of war on both personal and societal levels. The play shows that the scenes of war fought in foreign lands are brought back to the home territories and families, who become equally demoralised by the perpetuation of war in their homelands. The soldiers return as ghosts of their previous selves and haunt their families and friends from one generation to the next. Therefore, war remains an open wound at the core of the American nation. At the same time, the play sheds some light on the harsh realities of the underprivileged and how joining the military often seems to provide a way out of the world of poverty and lack of resources.

KEMISKINAN, KORUPSI DAN TERORISME DALAM PENDEKATAN KAUSALITAS

As a nation that is scientifically and technologically strong, the United States, which is called the world police, is certainly not an exaggeration. Public policies made by the United States are always loaded with economic interests. Regional domination framed by equal state relations on the basis of human rights has always been the entry point for the American nation in carrying out domination politics. Public policy made by the United States is certainly oriented to its interests. Naturally, the concept of the American nation Number one by its leaders has certainly made its global policy always oriented to its interests. In the current global arena, the United States of America always makes policies that benefit itself in this case its economic interests.

MASA DEPAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK GLOBAL BERBASIS AMERIKA SERIKAT

As a nation that is scientifically and technologically strong, the United States, which is called the world police, is certainly not an exaggeration. Public policies made by the United States are always loaded with economic interests. Regional domination framed by equal state relations on the basis of human rights has always been the entry point for the American nation in carrying out domination politics. Public policy made by the United States is certainly oriented to its interests. Naturally, the concept of the American nation Number one by its leaders has certainly made its global policy always oriented to its interests. In the current global arena, the United States of America always makes policies that benefit itself in this case its economic interests.

Current overview of assistance bioethics committees in Chile

The article examines and analyzes the functioning of healthcare ethics committees in Chile. For this, through an extensive bibliographic review, parameters were established that allow indicating improvements to the system that regulates the Ethical-Assistance Committees (CEA) in the Latin American nation, based on a case study that corresponds to the University of Chile.

Asian American Philosophy and Feminism

This chapter explores the intersection of Asian American philosophy and feminist philosophy. It considers feminist issues within Asian American philosophy and examines Asian American feminist philosophy as an important field in its own right that contributes to Asian American philosophy, feminist philosophy, and philosophy of race. The chapter starts with a brief discussion of reasons for including Asian American feminist philosophy in the profession and then elaborates a model for thinking about Asian America and Asian American philosophy, with particular consideration of xenophobic racism and Orientalist hypersexualization. The chapter then examines how Asian American feminist philosophy enriches our historical and social ontological understanding of American nation-building, reconceives important normative themes in philosophy of race, deepens our understanding of invisibility, and complicates our thinking about non-Eurocentric or decolonial feminist dialogue.

Pursuing National Security by Iran is Not Equal to Being Paranoid about the USA

In most countries of the world where there is a strong western influence, there has been a persistent narrative that Iran is paranoid about the United States of America. It will not spare any grain to ensure the destruction of the mighty American nation. But according to the leaders of Iran, their actions are about the safeguarding of their country national security interest. Yet, there have been limited studies to respond to whether Iran is paranoid about the USA or if it is all about national security. Hence this study sought to illustrate the dangers of appeasing the USA when your national policies are in contract. The study selected a few countries and scenarios: Vietnam, Afghanistan, Iraq-Iran war, the Axil of Evil phrase, Iraq, and Syria for the illustration. The study has shown that the USA will not relent to pursue its national interest against those opposing it, notwithstanding the consequences on the recipients. This USA trend will continue to manifest to the unforeseeable, thereby putting Iran in danger that befell other nations who had opposed the USA. Based on the findings, the study concludes that Iran is not paranoid about the USA but is concerned with preserving its national security and interests.

Discrimination, Advocacy, and Collective Identity

This chapter begins with the links between discrimination, identity formation, and minority advocacy. It examines how Muslim minorities and immigrants from disparate ethnic, national, linguistic, and socioeconomic backgrounds think of themselves, and act, as members of a collective group with a unified set of interests. It also highlights the impact of Muslim advocacy organizations in their ability to frame and communicate a particular Muslim American collective identity. The chapter recounts anti-Muslim prejudice that has deep roots in American history and the European Orientalist discourse that has been adopted by the American nation since the inception of that prejudice. It discusses the construction of Islam as a false religion and how Muslims from around the world are racialized as Arab, non-white, and therefore biologically and morally inferior.

The Latino Continuum and the Nineteenth-Century Americas

This book argues that the process of recovering Latina/o figures and writings in the nineteenth century does not merely create a bridge between the US and Latin American countries, peoples, and literatures, as they are currently understood, but reveals their fundamentally interdependent natures, politically, socially, historically, and aesthetically, thereby recognizing the degree of mutual imbrication of their peoples and literatures of the period. Largely archived in Spanish, it addresses concerns palpably felt within (and integral to) the US and beyond. English-language works also find a place on this continuum and have real implications for the political and cultural life of hispanophone and anglophone communities in the US. Moreover, the central role of Latina/o translations signals the global and the local nature of the continuum. For the Latino Continuum embeds layered and complex political and literary contexts and overlooked histories, situated as it is at the crossroads of both hemispheric and transatlantic currents of exchange often effaced by the logic of borders—national, cultural, religious, linguistic, and temporal. To recover this continuum of Latinidad, which is neither confined to the US or Latin American nation states nor located primarily within them, is to recover forgotten histories of the hemisphere, and to find new ways of seeing the past as we have understood it. The figures of Félix Varela, Miguel Teurbe Tolón, Eusebio Guiteras, José Martí, and Martín Morúa Delgado serve as points of departures for this reconceptualization of the intersection between American, Latin American, Cuban, and Latinx studies.