Diversity and Inclusion Experience of Trans Workers: The Missing Link of Trans-Friendly Environment in Organizations

The transgender community, one of the most marginalized communities, faces a range of discriminatory issues in workplaces and educational institutions. The study seeks to investigate the extent of organizational support ensured by the workplaces to create a transgender-friendly environment in Bangladesh. The paper opted for a mixed study and surveyed 47 trans workers using a questionnaire. The responses yielded quantitative data that was analyzed using SPSS. The qualitative data was collected through focus group discussions with seven respondents. The study findings showed that the discrimination and exclusion experience is negative for trans workers of Bangladeshi organizations and educational institutions. While most of the respondents felt primarily excluded in the formal setting, they feel that they have been intentionally left out when they meet their coworkers in informal or social gatherings. The outcomes of the discrimination involved forced termination and absenteeism on the ground of their non-binary gender identity. It was also found that many Bangladeshi organizations still do not want trans workers to represent them. To the best of researchers’ understanding, the past research on the transgender community’s diversity and inclusion experience in organizations is rarely covered from the developing country’s perspective. This paper attempts to fulfill the study gap. Recommendations for good practices to ensure diversity is proposed to companies. Creating a more inclusive workplace is expected to create a robust economic and social impact for developing countries like Bangladesh. Keywords: Bangladesh, Discrimination, Diversity, Inclusion, Trans workers, Trans-friendly environment, Organizations

Government Entrepreneurship Programmes and Unemployment in Osun State, Nigeria

Youth unemployment is one of the most difficult problem threatening economic development of many nations. Entrepreneurship Development Programme (EDP) is therefore increasingly recognized all over the world, as a panacea to ameliorate the menace of unemployment. Any country that attaches special importance or gives special attention to entrepreneurship stands a better chance of reducing unemployment and improved economy. This study therefore seeks to examine the impact of EDP on the menace of unemployment in Osun state, Nigeria. The specific objective seeks to examine the impact of National Directorate of Employment (NDE) on youth empowerment; and determine the effect of N-power on poverty reduction in Osun state. The study adopted survey research design, using item structured instrument to elicit information from the respondents, for a true representation of the whole population of twenty-five and seventeen thousand (25,000 & 17,000) from both NDE and N- power respectively. The sample of four hundred (400) and two hundred and fifty (250) from both NDE and N -power respectively, making a total of six hundred and fifty (650) respondents was drawn from the population using Taro Yamane (1967) formula for estimating sample. A total of 650 questionnaires were administered out of which six hundred and thirty-two (632) were properly filled and returned. The formulated hypotheses were tested using multiple regression with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS…Version20). The finding of the study revealed that NDE programmes have significant impact on job creation. with the R2 of 0.598. The study also revealed that N-power significantly address poverty reduction, most especially in Osun State, with R2 value of 0.687, which indicate that technical skills which comprises of cognitive and non-cognitive skill actually reduced unemploment. Therefore, It was recommended that, in other to produce a typical entrepreneurs that will not only be self-employed but employ more other unemployed youth, government should make it as a point of duty that beneficiaries are given practical training and ensure they acquire technical skills, both cognitive and non- cognitive skill during and after the programme. Keywords: Entrepreneurship Development Programme (EDP), Skills, National Directorate of Employment (NDE), N-power, Youth Empowerment

The Fintech Sensation - What is it about?

The years following the 2008 financial crisis have been characterized by the emergence of new financial service providers, called fintech. The term is defined and understood differently in the literature. There is an agreement that fintech is composed of the words "financial" and "technology". Regarding the different views and definitions, there is great heterogeneity in the literature and this article tries to systematize them. Furthermore, different justifications for its existence are examined and a proposal for categorization is made. Argumentatively, various opportunities and risks are highlighted that arise in connection with Fintech. Finally, various ideas and starting points for further research are derived from the arguments. Keywords: Fintech, Tech innovation, Financial technology

Antecedents of Product Innovation for Vietnamese SMEs: The Roles of Transformational Leadership and Organizational Culture

Innovation capability is regarded the fundamental factor for firms to survive and achieve competitive advantage in the context of increasing competitive pressure. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the impacts of transformational leadership (TL) on innovation product via mediating role of a certain form of organizational culture namely collaborative culture. The paper used Structural Equations Modeling (SEM) to examine the relationship among these latent factors using survey data gathered from 215 participants of 61 medium and small-sized firms in Vietnam. The findings of this study highlight the significant impact of TL on product innovation compared to the impact of collaborative culture on product innovation. This study reveals that collaborative culture significantly serves as a crucial mediator in linking the effects of TL on product innovation. Importantly, the findings of this study have advanced the understanding and brought new initiatives on key antecedents by which CEOs and managers should follow and focus their efforts to improve product innovation capability for Vietnamese SMEs. Keywords: Transformational leadership; Organizational culture; Collaborative culture; Product innovation; Innovation capability

Enhancing the Effectiveness of Change Management in Private Universities: Case Study in Vietnam

Change management is known to be a significant model based on theories and practices from educational experts, educators, professors, school administrators, and even scientists. Like other higher education institutions in Vietnam, Private Universities in Ho Chi Minh city are a change management type organization. The management challenge facing contemporary universities refers to the multiple roles assumed by universities and the extraordinary increase in the number of subject fields, heightening, in turn, the complexity of the university environment. However, the previous research about change management of the Vietnamese private university system still has many shortcomings and limitations in terms of both size and quality. There is a lack of studies that have used Kotter's Model of Change (1996) to examine the evolutionary changes and challenges facing Private Universities. So, the main objective of this paper is to establish and propose a suitable model based on the apply Kotter's eight-step model of change to enhance effective change management in private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, and then discussion and recommendation will be presented in the study. To overcome the change challenges, some recommendation was proposed for the successful implementation of the changes for the university. Quantitative method has been utlised to complete this paper. Keywords: change management, educational administration, Kotter’s change model, private university, Vietnam

Change management in Higher Education by Kotter's Model: A Case Study in Vietnam Private University

Faced with the changing demands of the higher quality teaching profession, especially the increasing trend of studying at private universities leading to many initiatives on the issue of change and reforming the educational management model brings the effect so the university needs a planned sequential path. The purpose of this study is to examine the evolutionary changes and challenges facing the educational administration of private universities. From there, establish and propose a suitable model based on the apply Kotter's eight-step model of change to enhance effective change management in private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, and at the same time propose a model towards effective change management results across all private universities in Vietnam. Change efforts focus on enhancing faculty capacity to support diverse student success. The change process is planned using Kotter's (1996) eight-step change model and is, therefore, a regulated, linear, sequential change process. The initial steps were reviewed, and the strategies were considered workable. This approach enhances faculty acquisition and project success. Characterization of each step provides insight into ways to apply Kotter's model of change in higher education settings. Keywords: Change Management, Higher education, Kotter’s change model, Private University, Vietnam

Justification for Adopting Qualitative Research Method, Research Approaches, Sampling Strategy, Sample Size, Interview Method, Saturation, and Data Analysis

Justifying the adoption of the qualitative research method to satisfy the examiners (for thesis) and reviewers (for journal articles) is a challenging task for researchers in business, management, marketing, tourism, hospitality and albeit in social science domain. The difficulty continues in establishing the justification for selecting qualitative research approaches, sample strategy, sample size, data collection methods (i.e. interview methods), saturation, and data analysis. In this guide, we aim to ground brief justifications for researchers and guidance on how to justify the section of qualitative research method in thesis and journal articles. This study also provides brief justification on selecting specific qualitative research approaches, sampling strategies, sample size, interviews, and data analysis methods. Furthermore, this study provides a glimpse of justification regarding when and how to reach saturation point in qualitative research. Keywords: Qualitative research method, Research approaches, Sampling strategy, Sample size, Interview method, Saturation, and Qualitative data analysis (QDA)

Sustainable Corporate Entrepreneurship of Publicly Traded Commercial Banks: A Developing Country Perspective

This paper aims to create empirical support about Creating Shared Value (CSV) notion developed by Porter, M.E. and Kramer, M.R. (2011). To accomplish the aim, the study has developed a set of decision rules to recognize banking products or services that can be characterized as Sustainable Corporate Entrepreneurship (SCE). This has been done by reviewing the literature of SCE, CSR, and CSV in the domain. Hereafter, it has made content analysis of annual reports of randomly selected banking corporations in light of the decision rules developed earlier. The purpose is to explain if CSV notion can be used as credible evidence of current SCE practices in the context of developing country like Bangladesh. To attain this purpose, the study has randomly selected 50 percent of the commercial banks out of 30 DSE listed commercial banks in Bangladesh. The study has found that banking corporations are engaged in SCE, though their performances on that are increasing in absolute terms (over the year), not in relative terms (over general investment). Moreover, financial performance remains constant for banks that are engaged exceptionally in SCE. Hence, the findings somewhat support the CSV notion to explain the current practices of SCE. Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Sustainable entrepreneurship, Sustainable corporate entrepreneurship, Corporate social responsibility, Creating shared value, Shared value

Effect of Transformational Leadership on Employees’ Innovativeness and Job Satisfaction in Pakistani Private Sector

According to leadership literature, current transformational leadership styles are associated with job satisfaction to varying degrees. According to several studies, transformational leadership leads to higher levels of job satisfaction. Given the current state of the Pakistani business market, the study's overarching goal was to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership styles and employees' levels of innovativeness and job satisfaction in the Pakistani private sector. To achieve the study's objectives, a quantitative study was conducted. Questionnaires were distributed to employees in Pakistan's private sector from a predetermined target population. The data collected was analysed using statistical software. According to the study's findings, there are statistically significant relationships between overall transactional leadership, employee innovativeness, and job satisfaction, as well as overall transformational leadership and job satisfaction. This study is one of the few that focuses on the private sector to help improve understanding of how to manage and retain employees in the private sector. These findings are also useful for the Asia-Pacific private sector in maintaining the work-life balance of affective commitments, which leads to positive in-role performance. Keywords: Leadership, Leadership styles, Job satisfaction, employees, Private sector

How Follower Contribute to Team Success, Leadership Transformation and Organizational Excellence

Followers have typically been overlooked compared to leaders in an organizational setting but are a huge component of team success. A coach would not get “100 career wins” without the hard work of the team members on the field playing the game. A performer would not have the prosperity of a sold-out tour without the dedication of his fans. Followers are present in every group setting and are integral to the success of the team. They also play a part beyond supporting and following the leader. Followers’ engagement, relationships, and well-being directly affect the organization and leader. This paper will further explore the meaning of a follower and leader, examine the follower-leader interaction and its effectiveness in a team, and the overall value followers contribute to team success. In addition, this paper will reveal the critical success factors to maintain healthy follower-leader dynamics, it emphasizes the important role of practicing mindfulness, creating assertive communication and engagement channels, creating a motivating, and learning organizational culture, and boosting critical thinking and brainstorming activities to generate new pathways to boost organizational innovation. This case analysis will further help illustrate how the behaviors of the followers can shape leadership style and exhibit the importance of team recognition to create a healthy follower-leader relationship. Keywords: Team leadership, Team dynamics, Followership qualities, Transformational leadership, Organization culture, Motivation, Organization change