SANGKéP Jurnal Kajian Sosial Keagamaan
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Published By State Islamic University (Uin) Mataram

2656-0798, 2654-6612

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-253
Author(s):  
Fahrurrozi Fahrurrozi ◽  
Muhammad Thohri

Temuan kajian ini adalah polarisasi keagamaan yang menegaskan identitas masyarakat Islam Lombok muncul sejak sebelum Indonesia merdeka dengan mengambil bentuk gerakan (faham) keagamaan. Faham keagamaan mainstream di Lombok adalah faham Sunni dan tidak seluruhnya di bawah bendera organisasi akan tetapi secara umum berbasis lembaga pendidikan. Faham non-sunni minoritas membawa pengaruh dan pola gerakan wahabi yang menekankan “pembedaan” praktik keagamaan, sehingga yang terjadi bukan lagi pergumulan ideologi melainkan kontestasi identitas. Kemudian identitas keagamaan masyarakat Islam Lombok berbentuk material-simbolik dan praktik keagamaan yang akomodatif. Akomodasi praktik keagamaan terjadi pada praktik amalan-amalan tasawwuf dan mengalami akulturasi sebagai identitas muslim Lombok. Identitas keagamaan Islam di Lombok Sunni ada jauh sebelum berkembangnya organisasi dan lembaga pendidikan  keagamaan, sehingga identitas Islam Sasak mengalami pembauran hasil konstruksi alamiah masyarakat Islam Lombok. Keragaman organisasi, gerakan, dan peneguhan identitas dapat menjadi kekayaaan sejauh keragaman tersebut tidak dipertentangkan di ruang publik.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Maimun Maimun

Multicultural education can be used as a media for the development of equal human potential, able to respect each other's differences in terms of religion, tribe, race, ethnicity, culture, and language. This study focuses on: (1) How is the concept of multicultural education through the development of religious culture in SMP Negeri 7 Mataram ?; and (2) What is the reality of multicultural education and religious culture developed in SMP Negeri 7 Mataram? This type of research is descriptive qualitative, describing the concepts and reality of the implementation of multicultural education with the development of religious culture. The results of this study are (1) The concept of Multicultural Education with the development of religious culture adapted to the vision, mission, and profile of the school that is building religious attitudes and behaviors that are reflected through cooperation, tolerance and culture in the community of school members by not ignoring religious concepts that embraced by each school citizen; and (2) The reality of multicultural education with the development of religious culture is reflected in the religious and social values ​​or norms of the activities of all school members, and the availability of adequate places of worship for students who are implementing religious programs for all religious adherents.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-224
Author(s):  
M Zaki

Cultural heterogeneity and plurality of religions which grow, develop and survive in Lombok make this island such a pluralistic and multicultural miniature of Indonesia. This entity can be potentially integrative as a knit of social cohesiveness. However, in certain conditions and atmosphere, this diversity and culture can arise the emergence of conflict, violence and disaster if it is not managed properly. Muslims Sasak and Hindus Balineseethnic as the two largest communities in Lombok, often meet in space and stage conflict. The main factors are culture, economy, sectarianism, exclusivism, primordialism and multiculturalism education are still low.Despite repeated conflicts, it does not mean the social interaction of these two communities is not tolerated. Despite the conflicts that are always episodes, these two communities have local wisdom in the form of a religious festival of the perang topat tradition. This discourse is intended to describe the historical background of Islam and Hinduism in Lombok, analyze the causes of social conflict between the Muslim Sasak community and Hinduism Balinese ethnic in Lombok, as well as explore the local wisdom of the perang topat tradition as multicultural education base that can be made as a seeding of social cohesiveness.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-208
Author(s):  
Egi Sukma Baihaki

Studi ini akan membahas bagaimana tantangan yang dihadapi umat beragama dalam membangun dan memelihara komunikasi dan interaksi yang telah ada selama ini. Kehadiran era digital telah membawa banyak pengaruh terhadap sudut pandang hubungan keagamaan, di antaranya dapat memengaruhi hubungan yang telah dibangun dengan baik. Kehadiran hoax, ujaran kebencian, dan ajaran radikal telah berkembang banyak berkat kehadiran teknologi digital. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan tinjauan literatur, dapat dijelaskan bahwa para pemimpin agama harus mampu beradaptasi dengan perkembangan teknologi. Penguasaan konten dan sikap dalam menanggapi era digital akan sangat membantu dalam menjaga hubungan antaragama. Islam memiliki banyak ajaran untuk terus memelihara dan membangun komunikasi antaragama. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-184
Author(s):  
Yani Fathur Rohman

Keselarasan nilai-nilai agama dan kemanusiaan sebagai warisan dari pemikiran Gus Dur tidak hanya dapat memperkuat kesadaran sebagai masyarakat multikultural, tetapi mampu mendorong pemberdayaan pada  kelompok-kelompok minoritas. Kajian-kajian tentang pemikiran Gus Dur menyoroti tiga hal diantaranya dampak pemikiran Gus Dur terhadap moderasi islam dan demokrasi, dampak pemikirannya terhadap Gerakan kemanusiaan, dan sumbangsih terkait pendidikan humanis. Sedangkan penelitian ini menitikberatkan pada proses kontruksi sosial nilai-nilai yang diwariskan Gus Dur pada komunitas Gusdurian Sunter. Penelitian-penelitian terdahulu belum banyak mengeksplorasi terkait proses dialektika pengetahuan tentang nilai-nilai yang diwariskan Gusdur sebagai realitas subjektif sekaligus realitas objektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, dan wawancara mendalam serta data dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa proses kontruksi sosial nilai-nilai yang diwariskan Gus Dur mampu dimaknai ulang oleh anggota komunitas. Pemaknaan kembali nilai-nilai tersebut berdampak pada kegiatan seni juga pemberdayaan anak-anak jalanan dan gelandangan bahkan ide untuk mengadvokasi pemenuhan hak mereka sebagai bagian dari warga Negara.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-168
Author(s):  
Udin Udin

In this research, the writer examines the social dynamics of the teachings of Tuan Guru in enhancing religious harmony in the Lombok community. This study also tries to reveal the existence of the Tuan Guru in terms of da'wah, social aspects, preservation of cultural traditions and religious patterns of the Lombok people. This study found that Tuan Guru in Lombok has a very broad position and role, not only in religious aspects, but also in the social, economic and political fields. With the capacity in his possession Tuan Guru gives a social propaganda about the importance of religious harmony, the propaganda is not only done in society but through educational institutions as well as boarding schools


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-144
Author(s):  
Wahyu Hidayat ◽  
Taufikurrahman Taufikurrahman

Praktik demokrasi di Indonesia telah menjadi suatu keharusan, bahkan telah menjelma realitas sosial dalam kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Dinamika sosial politik yang terjadi di era reformasi 1998 telah membawa dampak besar bagi perkembangan demokrasi. Penelitian ini mencoba mengkaji aktivisme politik mahasiswa Islam dalam membangun demokrasi pasca orde baru dengan mengambil studi tentang peran intelektual yang dilakukan oleh Pengurus Besar HMI Periode 1997-1999. Penelitian ini menggunalan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan historical research, dikaji dengan teori konstruksi sosial Peter L Berger. Dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa pada proses konstruksi pemahaman demokrasi dilakukan oleh Pengurus Besar HMI dengan melakukan diskusi, pelatihan kepemimpinan dan pembuatan jurnal. Pemahaman ini dilegitimasi yang disandarkan pada Nilai-Nilai Dasar Perjuangan HMI sesuai dengan nilai-nilai ke-Islaman dan ke-Indonesiaan. Kemudian diinternalisasikan dalam rumusan RUU Politik. Pengaruhnya terhadap dinamika demokrasi di Indonesia yakni sebagai pendukung ideologi Pancasila, membangun sistem politik yang pro-demokrasi dan pembangunan Civil Society. HMI sebagai organisasi keagamaan yang berbasis Islam mampu menerima demokrasi sebagai ajaran Islam. Penelitian ini menjadi antitesis dari kelompok-kelompok yang menolak demokrasi. HMI menerima bahkan mendorong demokrasi demi untuk kepentingan nasional. Kontribusi pemikiran dan kepemimpinan melalui keterlibatan elit-elitnya di dalam membangun demokrasi dan pergumulan penegakan demokrasi di Indonesia.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-158
Author(s):  
Wisnu Fachrudin Sumarno

Iran merupakan negara Islam yang banyak dibicarakan baik dalam sejarah maupun sistem perpolitikannya. Negara Iran merupakan negara penganut paham syiah yang paling besar. Sejarah berdirinya negara Iran dan sistem politik kekuasaan Iran hampir seperti sistem monarki mulai dari Persia, dinasti Safawiyah hingga rezim Qajar, kemudian berlanjut dengan sistem militer yang otoriter pada masa  Reza Shah Pahlevi sesudah menaklukkan Rezim Qajar sampai putranya Muhammad Reza Pahlevi, dan terakhir Theo-demokrasi dengan Waliyat al Faqih semenjak terjadinya revolusi Iran pada tahun 1979 yang dipimpin oleh Ayyatullah Khumaeni. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah dan pendekatan politik.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-128
Author(s):  
S Ali Jadid Al Idrus
Keyword(s):  

Religion contains of rules and teachings, which cannot be connoted as a scary thing and has no space for discussion. How if religion is faced with something that has strongly deep in a particular society or better known as customs or more space that is 'culture'. If religion and culture are clashed, it will have an impact on one of them will die and sink. But if these two things work in harmony, it will appear a new culture that issyncretism cultural. This is what happened in the Pene Jerowaru village, East Lombok. The result of syncretism (Islam and cultural customs / local wisdom) was born a tradition that is the Pene Lando tradition, which took place since KedatuanPene (Pene Kingdom). How is the developing process in the Pene village and formulated the Penelando tradition in daily life, which gave produced the 'beqen' tardition. In the Pene community life, Pene Lando tradition is a legacy that must be maintained. The 'Pene Lando' tradition, if saw from its historical traces, contains a philosophy, it does not clash with the Islamic Shari'ah which is in fact governs all aspects of the people lives.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-110
Author(s):  
Ulyah Darajah

The purpose of this research is to describe how public belief and treatment during the Jahiliyah period and when Islam entered into was carried out by a nurse named Rufaidah in the book Rufaidah written by Ahmad Syauqi al-Fanjari with the perspective of literary sociology. The method in this research is descriptive qualitative analysis method. Sociology of literature is considered effective to find out how the belief and treatment of the Islamic period carried out by Rufaidah. The result of this research is people who believe and worship the statues and gods, because they consider the gods who give them everything, both in terms of health, daily life and even about the future. But after the entry of Islam their thinking changed and they were so confident in Islam, even they were always careful in doing anything. The treatment process carried out by Rufaidah from before converting to Islam is changing, from a treatment that does not pay attention to cleanliness and humanity turned into a treatment that is clean, holy and humane. Rufaidah's treatment is done in Rufaidah's book as an herbal treatment at this time.


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