Technical Vision System for in-Room Access Control

Access systems with face recognition is widely used today. They are used in many enterprises and institutes where it is necessary to control the flow of passing people. Facially recognizable technical vision systems are important because they can be used to store specific individuals faces and use them for access control. As a result of analysis of same modern systems the variant of system there are additional functions is offered. The system consists of ESP-EYE module, with build-in wi-fi and Bluetooth modules, chip sensor camera “ OV2640” and LED display, which dasplays a notification for a person about granting or denying access, notifications are in two collors: geen and red respectively.. Also it has an emergency power supply in case of unforeseen situations. Wi-fi is used as a means of transmiting data from camera to the server. This transmition method of data transmition has several advantages over Bluetooth. It allows to the system to transfer data at a much higher speed and over a grater distance, it is also more secure, provides access to the internet and allows to control the system remotely. All the listed advantages of this method of transmition give us a great variability in the operation and placement of the system. To recognize people system use a comparison method. It compares the person’s face with a database and, after processing it produces the result. To optimize and speed up this process, the system uses a method of image compression based on discrete wavelet transform. This method is the transmission of a signal through several filtres, usualy two. First, the signal is passed through a low-pass filter whis a pulse response g, resulting in an output signal in the form of a convolutional sum. At the same time the signal is decomposed by a high pass filter. The LPF gives an approximate shape of the output signal, and the HPF – the signal of difference or additional detail. Discrete wavelet transform in an oriented basis makes it possible to construct transformation matrices with a given number of filters ”m”, where “m” is in the general case a prime positive number. The simplest way to compare the two images is by substracting the brightness values of the two matrices and estimating the resulting matrix of differences using standard deviation. The use of standard deviation in combination with fiberboard in OB allows to speed up the process of face recognition in the system by discarding unncessary details, the absence of which minimaly harms the accuracy of the results. The advantages of this system are that it is less expensive, in compareson with existing analogs, less energy-consuming, easy to assemble and install, uses a relatively simple and at the same time quite accurate method of identidying a persons identity.

Musical Information Visualization System

The visualisation systems are spread widely as personal computer’s software. The system, that are processing audio data are presented in this article. The system visualizes the ratio of spectrum amplitudes and has fixed frequency binding to colours. The technology of audio signals processing by the device and components of the device were considered. For the increasing information processing speed was used 32bit controller and graphic equalizer with seven passbands. Music visualization it is function, that are spread widely in mediaplayer’s software, on a different operation systems. This function shows animated images that are depends on music signal. Images are usually reproduced in the real time mode and synchronized with a played audio-track. Music and visualization are merges in the different kind of art: opera, ballett, music drama or movies. Dependencies of auditory and visual sensations are used for increasing the emotional perseption for ordinary listeners . In the systems, that are currently being actively promoted, are used several tools for personal computers, such as: After Effects – The Audio Spectrum Effect, VSDC Video Editor Free – Audio Spectrum Visualizer, Magic Music Visuals. The software, that are mentioned above, has a one disadvantage: the using of streaming video is not possible with the simultaneous receipt of audio and requires processing and rendering of the resulting video series. The purpose of the work is to determine the features of spectral analysis of music information and taking into account real-time data processing. Propose a variant of the music information visualization system, which displays the spectral composition of music and the amplitude of individual harmonics, and filling the LED-matrix with the appropriate color depending on the amplitude of the audio signal, with the possibility of wireless signal transmission from the music source to the visual effects device. The technology of frequency analysis of the spectrum with estimation of amplitude of spectrum’s components of the musical data, that is arriving on the device is chosen for this project. The method is based on the analysis of the spectrum in the selected frequency bands, which in turn simplifies the function of finding maxima at different frequencies. The proposed variant of the musical information visualization system provides display on the LED-matrix of colors that correspond to the frequencies spectrum’s components in the musical composition. Moreover, the number of involved LEDs is proportional to the ratio of the amplitudes of the signal’s frequency components. The desired result is achieved by using a Fast Fourier Transform and selecting Khan or Heming windows for providing a better analysis results of the signal spectrum. The amplitudes of the individual components of the spectrum are estimated additionally and each frequency band has its own color. The work of the system is to analyze the components of the spectrum and frequency of musical information. This information affects the display of colors on the LED matrix. The using of a 32-bit microcontroller provides sufficient speed of audio signal processing with minimal delays. For the increasing the accuracy and speed up the frequency analysis, the sound range is divided into seven bands. For this purpose was used seven-band graphic equalizer MSGEQ7. Music information is transmitted to the system via Bluetooth, which greatly simplifies the selection and connection of the music data source.

Measurement Data Collection Device Based on ESP32 for Digital Laboratory

The potential use of digital laboratories is constantly growing every year, as such a device allows you to conduct research in such fields as biology, physics, chemistry and other natural sciences. It is proved that the use of modern equipment increases the efficiency of laboratory classes in schools. Today, there are a large number of educational digital laboratories, which find many areas of use, from laboratory work at school to laboratories at universities. However, if you analyze these digital labs, you can see that they do not have a user-friendly interface and settings. The purpose of this work is to review existing solutions, as well as find solutions to create an improved version of digital training laboratories. The main disadvantage of existing solutions is the lack of data transfer via Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, as well as connection to a computer or smartphone, which could significantly improve the process of working with such a device. One of the solutions to this problem is the creation of digital training laboratories based on the ESP-32 microcontroller. After analyzing the existing digital laboratories, we can conclude that this area needs improvement, as existing technologies allow to create much better devices in terms of ease of use and opportunities for educational purposes. Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are the main elements, the addition of which will significantly improve digital laboratories. One such solution is the ESP-32 microcontroller, as it includes these modules, and its technical characteristics allow you to create a device that will collect data simultaneously from many connected sensors. The creation of a digital laboratory with such characteristics will significantly improve the process of laboratory work in schools and universities, as well as allow more organized distance learning online, which will have a positive impact on the educational process in schools and universities.

Internet of Things Technology of Imagine Processing for Smart House

The article considers the image processing, detection of human faces and the transfer of relevant information in MATLAB software. During the rapid global process of industrialization and globalization, elements of smart homes for personal use are becoming popular in production and offices. Life and personal information security is the most important requirement and task of current and future Internet of Things solutions. Therefore, the system of recognizing objects, including people, is relevant and still one that can be qualitatively improved. The processing begins with a state file, which can be replaced by real-time systems, after receiving information from video — is selected in groups of points, which are the corresponding arrays of information. Arrays contains numbers which indicate whether a human face in front of the camera. The data is calibrated to avoid false detection with median distribution. As a result of involving graphic additions, the user can observe in real time where and how many faces are in front of the camera. MATLAB was chosen as the programming environment, because the program includes built-in blocks that allow you to easily combine the mathematical and applied part of the proposed solution. As a result of modeling a complex model was obtained that is able to process the image and determine the necessary elements and objects in the image. This model can be used to track changes in position in space, any, object or objects depending on their size or physical characteristics. A feature of the proposed method is the ability to calibrate and optimize the mathematical model depending on the physical parameters of the system and the required information at the output of the system.

Efficient Control of Household Water Heating Devices Based on the Arduino Microprocessor Platform

The article is devoted to developing efficient control of household water heating devices based on the Arduino microprocessor platform and using different ways for this purpose, like analog buttons or wireless technologies.

The Device for Houseplants Caring

The article is devoted to the development of an automated device for plant care at home. The main factors influencing plant development are considered. A comparative analysis of existing devices was made. The growth of plants is influenced by many factors: the level of light, soil moisture, room temperature, carbon dioxide level. When plants are growing indoors, the most important thing is timely watering and access to light. The required amount of light for most plants is 12-18 hours per day. Our country is in the temperate climate zone, so we have 15 hours of light in summer, 13 hours in autumn and spring, and 9 hours in winter. The amount of light in summer is normal, in autumn and spring - within normal limits, but in winter there is a certain lack of light. The lack of natural insolation in winter leads to light starvation of houseplants and reduced intensity of photosynthesis. Therefore, the decrease of the amount of natural light is compensated by artificial light sources. Analysis of the devices on the market has shown that devices that can solve such problems exist, but there is no device with all functions simultaneously. Lighting devices illuminate on a timer, regardless of natural light. Irrigation devices are intended for industrial, not for domestic use. Existing technological solutions for home cultivation have only a warning function: sound or light, which can bring some inconvenience. Looking on these problems, a device is created to maintain the required soil moisture and the required amount of light. The control unit is based on a microcontroller that analyses the data obtained from the sensors and sends the appropriate signals to the climate control devices. The device is equipped with a soil moisture sensor, a light sensor, a real - time sensor, an LED lamp, a water pump, an LED lamp driver, and a control key of water pump. To control soil moisture, a capacitive humidity sensor is used, the advantages of it is the absence of corrosion of metal parts of the sensors that touch the ground. A light meter based on the BH1750 chip is used as a light sensor. This sensor has a wide measuring range, measuring accuracy - 1 lux, small dimensions and the ability to connect to a microcontroller via I2C interface. The DS3231 chip is used as a real-time clock that required to maintain a circadian rhythm close to the natural one for a given plant. An LED strip with red and blue LEDs is used for lighting. The ratio of blue / red LEDs depends on the stage of growth and the type of plant, but it is usually from 1/3 to 1/5. The key that controls the LED strip and the water pump are the MOS transistors. They are silent and allow you to adjust the brightness of the LED strip.

Analysis of Directional Properties of Angular Horn Antenna

In this paper, horn antennas are considered to belong to the class of aperture antennas which usually include a sound wave reflector and an electroacoustic transducer. For the variant of technical implementation of the electroacoustic transducer in the form of a corner antenna, the problem of sound emission by such an antenna is solved . taking into account the repeated reflection of emitted sound waves from the antenna design elements. The study of the acoustic properties of such an antenna was carried out taking into account a number of assumptions. 'what material, the thickness of the walls of the mouthpiece is infinitesimal. These conditions are supplemented by the known conditions of radiation at infinity. All the above assumptions make it possible to greatly simplify the solution of the problem of sound radiation by an angular horn antenna. To do this, the Helmholtz equation under boundary conditions was solved by the method of connected fields in multiconnected domains, corresponding to the physical model of the antenna. The radiation field of such an antenna is presented in the form of three partial regions, which in turn, according to the method of partial regions - in the form of Fourier series expansions, the coefficients of which are determined by solving differential equations describing piezoceramic transducer oscillations and wave processes. in acoustic environments in contact with it. The solution of the Helmholtz equation is reduced to the solution of an infinite system of linear algebraic equations taking into account the above assumptions, as well as the conditions of field continuity at the boundary of partial domains, we obtain an infinite system of linear algebraic equations. Based on the system, an approximate expression for the normalized radiation pattern is obtained. Studying the features of the directional properties of the angular antenna by direct analysis of the expression is not possible. Therefore, such a study was carried out on the basis of calculated directivity diagrams obtained using a computer for a wide range of wave sizes and geometrical characteristics of the angular antenna. cylindrical electroacoustic transducers. In all calculations, a uniform distribution of the oscillating velocity on the surface of the emitter was chosen Analyzing the obtained data, there is a pronounced dependence of the shape of the pattern on the magnitude of the wave size of the speaker. This is manifested in the fact that the main petal splits into two or even three petals, as well as in increasing the overall sharpness of the pattern.

Natural Speech Signal Recognition Algorithm

Speech recognition technologies are becoming more and more part of our lives, providing a convenient way to control a variety of electronic devices - voice control. One of the current problems that is solved in the development of such control systems is the problem of insufficient accuracy of voice command recognition. Improvements are being made to increase reliability, independence from individual voice characteristics, and reduce the negative impact of background noise on recognition quality. The paper presents an algorithm for recognizing and processing user intentions using a neural network built on the principle of understanding natural language and processing audio signals for use in the user support system.

Signal Attenuation of Data Transmission by Power Lines

Power Line Communication (PLC) technologies are actively developing and becoming more and more in demand all over the world. They are used in the automation of technological processes, the organization of video surveillance systems and even to control a "smart" home. Research in the field of data transmission using the power grid has been going on for a long time. Once upon a time, the use of PLCs was hampered by low data transfer rates and insufficient immunity from interference. The development of microelectronics and the creation of modern, and most importantly, more efficient processors (chipsets) made it possible to use complex modulation methods for signal processing, which made it possible to significantly advance in the implementation of PLC. However, only a few specialists still know about the real possibilities of communication technology over the power grid. The reliability of data transmission is greatly influenced by interference from various electrical appliances, fluorescent lamps, etc., which interfere with the wires. The strongest influence of impulse noise arising from the operation of electric motors, welding equipment and microwave ovens. However, reliable methods of encoding and encrypting data used in modern PLC technologies provide not only a high level of reliability in the transmission of information, but also its protection from unauthorized access. In addition, when organizing communication, electromagnetic compatibility must be ensured, i.e. it is necessary to reduce the spurious electromagnetic radiation arising from the process of data transmission. Today PLC finds wide practical application. Due to the fact that the technology uses the existing power grid, it can be used in the automation of technological processes for linking automation units via electric wires (for example, city electricity meters). The widespread use of low-voltage electrical networks 0.22 ... 0.38 kV, the absence of the need to carry out expensive work on the construction of trenches and punching walls for laying cables stimulate an increased interest in these networks as a data transmission medium. Often, PLCs are used to create video surveillance systems or a local area network in small offices, where the main requirements for the network are ease of implementation, device mobility and easy scalability. At the same time, both the entire office network and its individual segments can be built using PLC adapters. It is often necessary to connect a remote computer or network printer located in another room or even at the other end of the building to an existing office network - using PLC adapters, this problem can be solved in a few minutes. In addition, PLC technology opens up new opportunities for implementing the idea of a "smart" home, in which all consumer electronics must be tied into a single information network with the possibility of centralized control. The article discusses the basic principles of using power lines as a communication channel, and ways to build such networks. Also, it offers to get acquainted with the main problems of this technology and ways to solve them.

The Use of Radio Frequency Identification Technologies for Preventing the Spread of Coronavirus

This article contains description of methods to prevent the spread of coronavirus using modern technologies. Businesses face significant challenges in complying with social distancing guidelines, and they do not have a real understanding of whether these guidelines are followed in their facilities. Many companies use Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to ensure the safety of employees by tracking the proximity or location of each. Kinexon's SafeZone and Triax Proximity Trace are effective solutions to prevent the spread of coronavirus within the enterprise. SafeZone is a unique and powerful active RFID technology, the purpose of which is formation of a warning about the convergence and tracking of contacts in case of a positive test result for COVID-19. The solution consists of UWB labels, worn by employees, as well as cloud software to manage the collected data. Contact information allows companies to take steps to create a safe and healthy work environment. The SafeZone solution uses ultra-wideband (UWB) radio frequency tags. UWB uses the frequency bands 3.25 - 4.75 GHz and 6.25 - 6.75 GHz, which do not overlap with the bands of wireless networks (WLAN) and ISM. RTLS (Real-Time Locating Systems) - an automated system that provides identification, accumulation, processing and storage of information about the location and movement of people, objects, mobile machinery and vehicles to monitor technological and business processes, signaling, as well as for retrospective analysis of certain processes and situations. All RTLS systems consist of several main components: tags, readers and software for interpreting data. Use of active UWB tags in these systems allows to achieve high speeds at a distance of up to 10 m, the technology allows you to reach 110 Mbps. UWB module - a desktop device for setting up and accounting for UWB Tag devices. UWB hub - a device capable of performing thousands of scan scans per second at a distance of up to 30 cm. UWB Sensor - a device that detects pulses emitted by UWB tags and provides the exchange of operational information about resources. UWB reader is an access control device that uses the patented technology of short-pulse ultra-wideband (UWB) signals. UWB-tag - a device that can be attached to objects or clothing of personnel to track and track their location at any time in real time with incredible accuracy. Triax Proximity Trace technology provides active feedback, in the form of visual and audible signal, so people understand when they have violated the proper social distance. Due to Triax Proximity Trace it is possible to determine the degree of contact of employees with those who received a positive test, for example, according to the CDC classification. Components of the system: labels, gateways that are deployed in strategic places, cloud software and information panel for managing proximity event data. Triax Proximity Trace uses tags that operate at 900 MHz. Due to SafeZone and Triax Proximity Trace solutions the company can have a complete picture of potential patients and send for testing real contacts.