Anatomical variations of the iliolumbar vein with application to the anterior retroperitoneal approach to the lumbar spine: A cadaver study

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 666-673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. Unruh ◽  
Christopher L. Camp ◽  
Scott P. Zietlow ◽  
Paul M. Huddleston



Spine ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 1476-1484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. McAfee ◽  
John J. Regan ◽  
W. Peter Geis ◽  
Ira L. Fedder


Spine ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Marsicano ◽  
Yigal Mirovsky ◽  
Stuart Remer ◽  
Norman Bloom ◽  
Michael Neuwirth


Author(s):  
ADEBUKOLA ONIBOKUN ◽  
LARRY T. KHOO ◽  
LANGSTON HOLLY




2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 468-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Rao ◽  
Robert Bohinski ◽  
Iman Feiz-Erfan ◽  
Laurence D. Rhines

✓The retroperitoneal surgical approach has gained acceptance as a way to access the ventral aspect of the lumbar spine. Visualization is often limited, however, by the psoas muscle, which lies along the posterolateral aspect of the spine. Improved visualization is often attempted by retracting the muscle from the wound, which generally pulls the muscle laterally from the spine but not posteriorly, which is desirable for a better exposure of the spine, particularly the neural elements. In this paper, the authors describe a simple, atraumatic technique for retraction of the psoas muscle that allows excellent visualization of the spine.



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