Francis of Assisi

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-90
Author(s):  
Carolyn Muessig
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
And Function ◽  
Francis Of Assisi

Chapter 2 looks at the stigmatization of Francis of Assisi in the thirteenth century and how his reception of the stigmata was mainly understood as a miraculous event. The chapter also traces how the miracle met with acceptance and resistance during the following centuries. Some theologians argued that the cause of the wounds was strictly divine, while others emphasized that Francis’s love for Christ initiated the stigmata. The power and function of prayer, however, featured in most explanations that sought to understand the nature of Francis’s wounds. A series of papal bulls promulgated by a number of thirteenth-century popes, which secured widespread support for the Franciscan claim of stigmatic supremacy, are also considered in this chapter.

Gerardo Segarelli as the Anti-Francis: Mendicant Rivalry and Heresy in Medieval Italy, 1260–1300

2006 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIAN R. CARNIELLO
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
Papal Authority ◽  
March Of Ancona ◽  
Francis Of Assisi

Scholars generally associate the Order of Apostles, founded around 1260 by Gerardo Segarelli in Parma, Italy, with medieval heresies. This article analyses the leading source for the first three decades of the Apostles, the chronicle of the Franciscan Salimbene de Adam of Parma, and casts Segarelli and the Apostle friars instead as thirteenth-century mendicants who rivalled the Franciscans in the Emilia, the Romagna and the March of Ancona. Salimbene's depiction of Gerardo Segarelli focuses on the chronicler's desire to recreate his rival as an inversion of Francis of Assisi and Franciscan ideals. Gerardo Segarelli emerges in the account as an anti-Francis. Yet only after 1274, when the Second Council of Lyons ordered a general suppression of all religious movements founded after Fourth Lateran in 1215, did the situation change slowly for Segarelli's followers as opponents began to question their obedience to papal authority. Gerardo Segarelli and the Apostle friars ultimately faced condemnation as heretics, but not before the 1290s. Salimbene's chronicle, written in the 1280s, should not be taken as a source for a ‘Segarellian heresy’ launched by a ‘heresiarch’ in the Joachite year 1260, but as a source for mendicant rivalry in the thirteenth century that was deeply passionate in its rhetoric and invective.

Loki the Slandered God? Selective Omission of Skaldic Citations in Snorri Sturluson’s Edda

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Parkhouse
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Old Norse ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Norse Mythology ◽  
And Function

Despite widespread acknowledgment of the complexity of Loki’s nature and function in Old Norse mythology, many critical approaches nonetheless begin from an implicit foundational assumption that he is in essence a negative and antagonistic figure. Conversely, some scholars have interpreted Loki as a culture hero, whilst it is widely agreed that aspects of his negative characterization developed under the influence of traditions about the Christian Devil. This chapter considers the extent to which the thirteenth-century Icelandic historian and mythographer Snorri Sturluson actively contributed in his Edda to the ‘demonization of Loki’ (John Lindow, Norse Mythology [2001], 303), through an analysis of the lists of kennings (poetic periphrases, quoted from older skaldic verse) which Snorri provides for major mythological entities.

Bearing the Stigmata

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-59
Author(s):  
Carolyn Muessig
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Early Medieval ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Francis Of Assisi

Chapter 1 traces the patristic and early medieval exegesis of Galatians 6:17. It assesses how language and imagery were appropriated and developed by eleventh- and twelfth-century monastic theologians (especially Peter Damian) into a soteriological system of penance and redemption that focused on Christ’s wounds. Significantly, it looks at examples of stigmatization before Francis of Assisi. These cases vary in their form; they gradually move from stigmata being almost exclusively associated with the sacerdotal order in the early Middle Ages to being linked to the laity by the early thirteenth century as with the cases of Peter the Conversus and Mary of Oignies.

The Style and Function of the Cameos on the Frame of the Westminster Retable

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 145-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Similar Images ◽  
The One ◽  
And Function

AbstractThe imitation cameos placed around the frame of the Westminster Retable had a deeply entrenched cultural context in the re-use of classical gemstones in many examples of medieval goldsmiths’ work. But the cameos on the Retable had arguably a more local and immediate thirteenth-century context, both stylistically and iconographically, in the choice of images displayed. This paper relates the paired jugate heads in a cameo known from photographs but now lost, and the one surviving cameo head with its very specific winged headdress, to similar images in other media – book painting and sculpture – both in England and in France. It also, though very tentatively, given the loss of the great bulk of the cameos formerly on the frame, attempts to identify the persons represented in the cameos in relation to the overall programme of the Retable, not restricting this identification to any obvious antique parallels.

An Early Manuscript of the Admonitions of St Francis of Assisi

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-254
Author(s):  
MICHAEL ROBSON ◽  
PATRICK ZUTSHI
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Textual Transmission ◽  
Privately Owned ◽  
Francis Of Assisi

This article discusses a privately owned manuscript of St Francis's collection of addresses known as the Admonitions in the context of the nature of the work, the textual transmission of Francis's writings, his method of composition and other manuscripts of the Admonitions, especially those dating from the thirteenth century. It is argued that the manuscript antedates Francis's canonisation in 1228, is the earliest known manuscript containing the Admonitions and indeed the earliest manuscript of any of Francis's more substantial works. The article publishes the text and provides facsimiles of the manuscript.

Glass Medallions from Royal and Aristocratic Buildings in Ghazni (Eleventh-Thirteenth century)

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-122
Author(s):  
Valentina Laviola
Keyword(s):  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
And Function

Abstract This paper presents unpublished glass medallions retrieved from the royal and aristocratic buildings excavated in Ghazni (Afghanistan). This batch is to be related to the already known glass medallions which emerged in Termez and those purchased and reportedly coming from the Afghan area ascribed to the late Ghaznavid and Ghurid periods. The iconographic repertoire and function, possibly as elements of architectural decoration, offer interesting matters of debate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document