Implementation of the Spirituality of Saint Francis of Assisi in the Life of the Brotherhood in Franciscan Missionary Sisters of Assisi Simalingkar B Medan

Spirituality is a trasendental relationship and the creation of unity relations between nature and humans, the universe and unity between individuals and God. The formulation of the research problem is how to implementation of the Spirituality of Saint Francis of Assisi in the life of the brotherhood in Franciscan Missionary Sisters of Assisi Simalingkar B Medan. The purpose of the study was to explain the findings of the implementation of the spirituality of SFA in the life of the brotherhood in SFMA Simalingkar B Medan. The design of the research used is qualitative research using analytical procedures that produce descriptive-qualitative data. The sample technique used to determine the informant is a snowball sampling technique consisting of 10 SFMA sisters. Primary data sources come from interviews, observation and documentation. The results of the study were analyzed using milles and hubberman models were data reduction, data presentation, the drafting of conclusions. Stages of research, namely data transcription, data identification, data classification, data interpretation, data description. The technique used to ensure the level of data validation is triangulation, examination of colleagues, and auditing. The results are SFMA sisters have made Christ the center of living in brotherhood in the community. This brotherhood is turned on by the sabda and is supported by various prayer practices. Brotherhood among the sisters based on the love of the gospel while still prioritizing the attitude of accepting, aware of the similarities between one and the others, namely together with total. Open each other, understand each other and willing to sacrifice. This spirituality implementation is expected to remain maintained because of this spiritual implementation as the basic capital in fulfilling the call as a religus. Keywords: Spirituality, Saint Francis of Assisi, Brotherhood, Franciscan Missionary Sisters of Assisi.

ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIKA PADA KELAS XI BUDAYA DI SMAK St. FRANSISKUS ASISI LARANTUKA

The purpose of this study is to determine the ability to understand the mathematical concept of students of class XI Culture SMAK St. Francis of Assisi Larantuka. The data are collected by the results of students’ ability test in understanding of mathematical concepts and unstructured interviews. The test questions used to measure students’ abilities in understanding mathematical concepts consist of 2 questions in the form of descriptions with matrix transpose material and matrix multiplication. The test results are analysed based on indicators of mathematical understanding, namely: 1) the ability to explain a definition in their own words according to essential traits/characteristics, 2) the ability to make examples in mathematical concepts, 3) the ability to use concepts in solving problems. Population in this study are students on eleventh culture class of SMAK St. Francis of Assisi Larantuka with two sample of students. The results show that there are the differences in the ability to understand mathematical concepts between students through Problem Based Learning.Keywords: Mathematical concepts understanding, Problem Based Learning, matrix.

Bones, fire, and falcons: Loving things in medieval Europe

In three loving encounters between humans and nonhumans, this article explores different approaches to material love in medieval Europe. Beginning with an English bishop who attempted to eat the bone relic of Saint Mary Magdalene, it first considers how a series of medieval thinkers imagined God's love as mediated primarily through the consumption of matter. Further, it shows how the medieval commercialization of relics enabled a subversive, quasi-mystical counter tradition that located loving experiences within the unmediated physicality, or thingness, of Christian artifacts themselves. Moving next to Saint Francis of Assisi (d.1226), the article explores a curious case of self-negating devotion to fire. While contextualizing the saint's love against a background of scholastic materialism and ecstatic mysticism, it explores how fire gained a unique onto-theological status as the material essence of both love and the heavens in the 1200s. Finally, turning to love for animals, the analysis explores the astonishing care shown to falcons by the Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick II (d.1250). While surveying a series of trends in medieval ways of loving creatures, the article stresses how the emperor's radical empathy for beasts allowed him temporarily to surrender his sovereignty, melding the interest of king and bird. Just like the mystical theology that underpinned much of medieval devotion, it argues, these three loving encounters were all essentially structured as self-annihilating journeys into a “oneness” with the material landscape. Considering the ongoing threads of this forgotten type of self-erasing love, these medieval encounters can have intriguing implications for debates in the environmental humanities today.

Seismic Analysis of the Bell Tower of the Church of St. Francis of Assisi on Kaptol in Zagreb by Combined Finite-Discrete Element Method

The paper presents a failure analysis of the bell tower of the church of St. Francis of Assisi on Kaptol in Zagreb subjected to seismic activity using the finite-discrete element method—FDEM. The bell tower is a masonry building, and throughout history it has undergone multiple damages and reconstructions. It was significantly damaged during the earthquake in Zagreb which occurred on 22 March 2020 with a magnitude of 5.5. The analysis was performed on a simplified FDEM 2D numerical model which corresponds to the structure in its current pre-disaster state and the structure after the proposed post-disaster reconstruction. The obtained results showed a good agreement of the crack pattern in the numerical model and the cracks that occurred due to these earthquakes. In addition, the conclusions based on the conducted analysis can provide a better insight into the behaviour and serve as guidelines to engineers for the design of such and similar structures.

Mystical Kinship of Creation: A Foundation of Ecospirituality for Interreligious Ecological Movements

This article explores the intersection between Bhumi Devi in Hindu Mythology and the Canticle of Creation of Saint Francis of Assisi. This intersection discovers the concept of the mystical kinship of creation as a foundation of ecospirituality. The exploration which is rooted in two different traditions, Hinduism and Christianity, enlightens interreligious ecological movements that they need not only action but also a spiritual foundation.

Christian “anarchism” of three cosmists (st. Francis of Assisi, N.F. Fedorov, Pope Francis)

The philosophy of three prominent Christian thinkers is considered: St. Francis of Assisi, Nikolai Fedorovich Fedorov and Pope Francis. Despite the time distance, each of them sets forth common ideas. It is claimed that the link between these individuals is the philosophy of cosmism. A typical representative of this trend is Nikolai Fedorov, but thinking in the categories of cosmism is also noted in the works of St. Francis of Assisi and Bishop of Rome. It is proposed to call them Christian anarchists who violate the fossilized structure of the church and society. The specificity of their anarchism is emphasized, devoid of negative features, built in the image of Christ and leading to the renewal of the sacred space, the Earth. The basic concepts of each of the three Christian anarchists are considered. The analysis of their philosophy allows for the formulation of the thesis that the ideas they propose to restructure the world and society are based on the principle of Christ – “not by force, but by love”.