Relationship between formaldehyde and quaternium-15 contact allergy. Influence of strength of patch test reactions

Background and Objective. The pattern of contact sensitization among patients with chronic leg ulcers depends on the local practice of wound treatment along with demographic and clinical confounders. The study was aimed at revealing the associations between chronic leg ulcers and contact sensitization. Material and Methods. Between 2006 and 2008, 35 patients with chronic leg ulcers and surrounding dermatitis and 59 patients with contact dermatitis of the lower leg or foot were prospectively recruited at the Department of Skin and Venereal Diseases, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences. Demographic and clinical data were collected in accordance with the “minimal data set” of the European Surveillance System on Contact Allergy. Patch testing was performed with the allergens of the European baseline series. Results. At least one positive patch test reaction was found in 28 (80%) of the patients with chronic leg ulcers and in 24 (41%) of the patients with dermatitis of the lower leg or foot (P<0.001). Sensitization to some of the most common allergens, namely colophony, Myroxylon pereirae resin, and methyldibromo glutaronitrile, was prevalent in both the groups of patients, whereas sensitization to benzocaine, p-phenylenediamine, and lanolin alcohol was associated with the presence of chronic leg ulcers. Benzocaine was found to be the leading allergen among patients with chronic leg ulcers (positive patch test reactions in 34.4% of the patients). Conclusions. Contact sensitization to benzocaine, p-phenylenediamine, and lanolin was found to be associated with the presence of chronic leg ulcers.

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Positive patch test reactions to formaldehyde releasers indicating contact allergy to formaldehyde

Contact Dermatitis ◽

10.1111/j.1600-0536.2007.01223.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 175-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Johannes Geier ◽

Holger Lessmann ◽

Simin Hellriegel ◽

Thomas Fuchs

Keyword(s):

Patch Test ◽

Contact Allergy ◽

Positive Patch Test ◽

Test Reactions

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Strong allergic patch test reactions may indicate a general disposition for contact allergy

Allergy ◽

10.1111/j.1398-9995.2006.00998.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. 364-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

J. Brasch ◽

A. Schnuch ◽

W. Uter ◽

Keyword(s):

Patch Test ◽

Contact Allergy ◽

Test Reactions

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Sensitizing Capacities and Cross-Reactivity Patterns of Some Diisocyanates and Amines Using the Guinea-Pig Maximization Test. Can p-phenylenediamine be Used as a Marker for Diisocyanate Contact Allergy?

The Open Dermatology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874372201711010087 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 87-97 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Haneen Hamada ◽

Erik Zimerson ◽

Magnus Bruze ◽

Marléne Isaksson ◽

Malin Engfeldt

Keyword(s):

Guinea Pig ◽

Patch Test ◽

Guinea Pigs ◽

Contact Allergy ◽

Cross Reactivity ◽

The Other ◽

Positive Patch Test ◽

Other Hand ◽

Test Reactions ◽

Toxic Reactions

Background:Isocyanates are mainly considered respiratory allergens but can also cause contact allergy. Diphenylmethane-4,4′-diamine (4,4′-MDA) has been considered a marker for diphenylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate (4,4′-MDI) contact allergy. Furthermore, overrepresentation of positive patch-test reactions top-phenylenediamine (PPD) in 4,4′-MDA positive patients have been reported.Objectives:To investigate the sensitizing capacities of toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (2,4-TDI) and PPD and the cross-reactivity of 4,4′-MDA, 2,4-TDI, dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diamine (4,4′-DMDA), dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate (4,4′-DMDI), 4,4′-MDI and PPD.Methods:The Guinea Pig Maximization Test (GPMT) was used.Results:PPD was shown to be a strong sensitizer (p<0.001). Animals sensitized to PPD showed cross-reactivity to 4,4′-MDA (p<0.001). Animals sensitized to 4,4′-MDA did not show cross-reactivity to PPD. 8 animals sensitized to 2,4-TDI were sacrificed due to toxic reactions at the induction site and could thus not be fully evaluated.Conclusion:PPD was shown to be a strong sensitizer. However, it cannot be used as a marker for isocyanate contact allergy. On the other hand, positive reactions to 4,4′-MDA could indicate a PPD allergy. The intradermal induction concentration of 2,4-TDI (0.70% w/v) can induce strong local toxic reactions in guinea-pigs and should be lowered.

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Patch Testing with Propolis of Different Geographical Origins in a Baseline Series

Acta Dermato Venereologica ◽

10.2340/actadv.v101.423 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gunnar S. A. Nyman ◽

Ana Maria Giménez‐Arnau ◽

Jurate Grigaitiene ◽

Laura Malinauskiene ◽

Evy Paulsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

North America ◽

Patch Test ◽

Patch Testing ◽

Geographical Origin ◽

Contact Allergy ◽

Frequency Of Contact ◽

Test Reactions

The chemical composition of propolis varies with geographical origin; however, it is not known whether this affects the frequency of contact allergy to propolis. In order to study the frequency of contact allergy to propolis of different geographical origins and concomitant reactions, 1,470 consecutive patients with dermatitis from Denmark, Lithuania and Spain were patch tested with propolis from China, Lithuania, North America and Sweden, and with a baseline series. Patch test reactions to any type of propolis ranged from 1.3% to 5.8%. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of positive reactions between the 4 types of propolis in the respective countries. Testing with a single commercially available type of propolis detects only approximately half of propolis-allergic patients. In patients allergic to propolis, concomitant reactions to Myroxylon pereirae resin, colophonium and Fragrance mix I were common, ranging from 12.5% to 50.0%.

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