It was hypothesized that the large variance in low achievers' self-portraits may be related to frustration and symbolic acting out. 29 low achievers in Reading and Mathematics were given the Describe Your School inventory. Subjects below the median drew pictures which were taller than pictures drawn by subjects above the median score. It was concluded that frustration must be considered when using height of drawing to analyze low achievers' self-portraits.
PISA 2018 low achievers in science, reading and mathematics by gender
