Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia L. Halkin ◽  
Daniel P. Shustack ◽  
M. Susan DeVries ◽  
Jodie M. Jawor ◽  
Susan U. Linville
Keyword(s):  
Cardinalis Cardinalis ◽  
Northern Cardinal

scholarly journals De Novo Assembly of the Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis) Genome Reveals Candidate Regulatory Regions for Sexually Dichromatic Red Plumage Coloration

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3541-3548
Author(s):  
Simon Yung Wa Sin ◽  
Lily Lu ◽  
Scott V. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
De Novo ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Plumage Coloration ◽  
Sexual Dichromatism ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Cardinalis Cardinalis ◽  
Northern Cardinal ◽  
Genomic Studies

Northern cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) are common, mid-sized passerines widely distributed in North America. As an iconic species with strong sexual dichromatism, it has been the focus of extensive ecological and evolutionary research, yet genomic studies investigating the evolution of genotype–phenotype association of plumage coloration and dichromatism are lacking. Here we present a new, highly-contiguous assembly for C. cardinalis. We generated a 1.1 Gb assembly comprised of 4,762 scaffolds, with a scaffold N50 of 3.6 Mb, a contig N50 of 114.4 kb and a longest scaffold of 19.7 Mb. We identified 93.5% complete and single-copy orthologs from an Aves dataset using BUSCO, demonstrating high completeness of the genome assembly. We annotated the genomic region comprising the CYP2J19 gene, which plays a pivotal role in the red coloration in birds. Comparative analyses demonstrated non-exonic regions unique to the CYP2J19 gene in passerines and a long insertion upstream of the gene in C. cardinalis. Transcription factor binding motifs discovered in the unique insertion region in C. cardinalis suggest potential androgen-regulated mechanisms underlying sexual dichromatism. Pairwise Sequential Markovian Coalescent (PSMC) analysis of the genome reveals fluctuations in historic effective population size between 100,000–250,000 in the last 2 millions years, with declines concordant with the beginning of the Pleistocene epoch and Last Glacial Period. This draft genome of C. cardinalis provides an important resource for future studies of ecological, evolutionary, and functional genomics in cardinals and other birds.

Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia L. Halkin ◽  
Susan U. Linville
Keyword(s):  
Cardinalis Cardinalis ◽  
Northern Cardinal

Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia L. Halkin ◽  
Susan U. Linville
Keyword(s):  
Cardinalis Cardinalis ◽  
Northern Cardinal

New data on systematics of the quill mites of the genus Syringophiloidus Kethley, 1970 (Acari, Syringophilidae) from North American birds

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Skoracki ◽  
Maureen Flannery ◽  
Greg Spicer
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molothrus Ater ◽  
Turdus Migratorius ◽  
American Robin ◽  
Cardinalis Cardinalis ◽  
Northern Cardinal ◽  
Sialia Mexicana ◽  
Thryothorus Ludovicianus ◽  
Carolina Wren ◽  
Melanerpes Formicivorus

AbstractSix species of the syringophilid mites belonging to the genus Syringophiloidus Kethley, 1970 (Acari, Prostigmata) are recorded from eight avian hosts from USA. Four new species are described and illustrated: S. molothrus sp. nov. from the Brown-headed Cowbird Molothrus ater (Boddaert) (Passeriformes, Icteridae), S. carolae sp. nov. from the Acorn Woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus (Swainson) (Piciformes, Picidae) and from the Northern Cardinal Cardinalis cardinalis (Linnaeus) (Passeriformes, Cardinalidae), S. sialius sp. nov. from the Western Bluebird Sialia mexicana Swainson (Passeriformes, Turdidae), and S. thryothorus sp. nov. from the Carolina Wren Thryothorus ludovicianus (Latham) (Passeriformes, Troglodytidae). The previously described species S. motacillae Bochkov et Mironov, 1998 is new for USA. Two host species, the American Robin Turdus migratorius Linnaeus (Turdidae) and the Steller’s Jay Cyanocitta stelleri (Gmelin) (Passeriformes, Corvidae), are new for S. presentalis Chirov et Kravtsova, 1995.

scholarly journals Feather-Degrading Bacteria do not Affect Feathers on Captive Birds

The Auk ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Cristol ◽  
Jessica L. Armstrong ◽  
Justine M. Whitaker ◽  
Mark H. Forsyth
Keyword(s):  
Wild Birds ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Plumage Color ◽  
European Starlings ◽  
Cardinalis Cardinalis ◽  
Northern Cardinal ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Poultry Feathers ◽  
Northern Cardinals

Abstract Attention has recently been focused on microbes that occur in the plumage of wild birds and can degrade feathers under laboratory conditions and in poultry-waste composters. In particular, Bacillus licheniformis, a soil bacterium, was found in the plumage of many birds netted in eastern North America, and poultry feathers were rapidly broken down when incubated in a suspension of this bacterium (Burtt and Ichida 1999). If feather-degrading microbes affect wild birds under normal conditions, they may have played an important role in the evolution of molt, plumage color, and sanitation behavior, such as sunning and preening. We performed the first test on whether a feather-degrading bacterium can degrade feathers of live birds housed outdoors under seminatural conditions. We found no evidence that B. licheniformis degraded wing feathers of Northern Cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis) when applied twice (with a two-week interval) during the winter, despite the fact that it degraded Northern Cardinal feathers when incubated in our laboratory. In a second experiment, we found no evidence that B. licheniformis degraded feathers of European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) when applied twice (with a one-week interval) during the summer, despite the fact that birds were housed in humid conditions that should have favored the growth of B. licheniformis. Las Bacterias que Degradan Plumas no Afectan las Plumas de Aves en Cautiverio

Northern Cardinal (Cardinalis cardinalis)

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia L. Halkin ◽  
Susan U. Linville
Keyword(s):  
Cardinalis Cardinalis ◽  
Northern Cardinal
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