Stimulus Identifiability and Perceptual Ability in Paired-Associate Learning of Retardates

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-904
Author(s):  
Jay S. Parnes ◽  
Douglas Muller
Keyword(s):  
Paired Associate ◽  
Paired Associate Learning ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Perceptual Ability

The paired-associate learning by educable mental retardates as a function of perceptual ability (Bender-Gestalt) and stimulus identifiability was examined. Ss of high and low perceptual ability learned a paired-associate task employing stimuli which were hard and easy to identify. Control groups were CA-matched normals and MA-matched normals. The results suggest that performances of retardates of high and low perceptual ability do not differ when easily identified stimuli are used but do when stimuli are difficult to identify.

Evidence of Acoustic Coding in Long-Term Memory

1971 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. C. A. Dale ◽  
Alex McGlaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Retroactive Interference ◽  
Paired Associate ◽  
Paired Associate Learning ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Acoustic Similarity ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Similarity

Contrary to previous indications, retroactive interference in long-term paired associate learning was found to be a function of acoustic similarity. Experimental groups were exposed to the A–B, A′–C paradigm where corresponding stimuli were homophones. Their retention scores were substantially and significantly lower than control groups run with an A–B, C–D paradigm. The failure of previous studies to reveal effects of acoustic similarity in this way is attributed to the use of an insufficiently high degree of similarity.

Reactivity of Judgments of Learning in a Levels-of-Processing Paradigm

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eylul Tekin ◽  
Henry L. Roediger
Keyword(s):  
Target Word ◽  
Paired Associate ◽  
Judgments Of Learning ◽  
Paired Associate Learning ◽  
Levels Of Processing ◽  
Pleasantness Rating ◽  
Associate Learning ◽  
Counting Task ◽  
Reactive Effect ◽  
Target Words

Abstract. Recent studies have shown that judgments of learning (JOLs) are reactive measures in paired-associate learning paradigms. However, evidence is scarce concerning whether JOLs are reactive in other paradigms. In old/new recognition experiments, we investigated the reactivity effects of JOLs in a levels-of-processing (LOP) paradigm. In Experiments 1 and 2, for each word, subjects saw a yes/no orienting question followed by the target word and a response. Then, they either did or did not make a JOL. The yes/no questions were about target words’ appearances, rhyming properties, or category memberships. In Experiment 3, for each word, subjects gave a pleasantness rating or counted the letter “e ”. Our results revealed that JOLs enhanced recognition across all orienting tasks in Experiments 1 and 2, and for the e-counting task in Experiment 3. This reactive effect was salient for shallow tasks, attenuating – but not eliminating – the LOP effect after making JOLs. We conclude that JOLs are reactive in LOP paradigms and subjects encode words more effectively when providing JOLs.

Age, pacing, and imagery in paired-associate learning.

1976 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy J. Treat ◽  
Hayne W. Reese
Keyword(s):  
Paired Associate ◽  
Paired Associate Learning ◽  
Associate Learning
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