scholarly journals Effect of Salinity on Growth and Some Photosynthetic Pigments of Improved Population in Puccinellia ciliata (Poaceae)

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkay Yavas ◽  
Yelda Emek ◽  
Aydin Unay
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Maximum Length ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Β Carotene

Puccinellia (Puccinellia ciliata Bor.) fairly resistant to salinity and used as forage for livestock in China, Australia, and Turkey. In this study, our objective was to determine the effects of salinity on growth and various photosynthetic pigments of an improved population of Puccinellia via recurrent selection. To accomplish this, effects of salinity on seedlings growth of homogenous Puccinellia was examined, one week after emerging of radicle from seeds. Seeds were germinated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 6% agar. Seedling growth was studied under different levels of NaCl salinity (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 μS/cm). Salinity applications were carried out for 6 weeks. Cultures were maintained in growth chambers at 24±2ºC and 16/8 light/dark conditions. Germination was scored during 2 weeks after culture initiation. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design with three replicates. Plant growth parameters such as the number of radicle and tillers, maximum radicle and shoot length, plants fresh and dry weights were investigated. Photosynthetic pigments such as total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a, b, chlorophyll a/b ratio, total carotenoid, β- carotene, lutein and neoxanthin were examined. The maximum values for tiller number per plant, the maximum length of shoot and chlorophyll b were found in the 20 µs/cm, while the maximum length of the radicle was recorded at 10 µs/cm NaCl treatment. It was concluded that low salinity levels (10-20 μS/cm) increased seedling growth, while high salinity levels (30 and 40 μS/cm) inhibited the growth significantly. These results indicate that P. ciliata is a promising salt-tolerant and can be grown productively under low to moderate saline conditions between 10-20 µs/cm.

scholarly journals Germination and seedling growth of indigenous aman rice under salt stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
D Das ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
TA Sarkar ◽  
MY Ali
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Four Levels

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, KhulnaUniversity, Khulnato determine the effect of salt stress on germination and seedling growth of indigenous Aman rice varieties during June, 2015 to December, 2015.  The salt tolerant landraces will be used as genetic resource for variety development program in future. The factorial experiment consists of two factors such as ten indigenous Aman rice varieties and four levels of salt solutions viz EC (dS m−1) of 5, 10 and 15 with control (distilled water). The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The interaction effects between variety and salinity on germination and seedling growth parameters of indigenous Aman rice varieties were varied significantly. It was found that germination capacity, energy, speed, seedling vigor index, root length and shoot length of rice were decreased gradually with increasing salinity. The germination energy and germination speed of most varieties were drastically reduced at 10 dS m−1 or higher salinity levels. The germination capacity of Hatibazor, Boushohagi, Shadagotal and Moinamoti were recorded 97.66 %, 99.33%, 98.0 % and 97.33%, respectively at 15 dS m−1 water salinity in laboratory condition. The results revealed that the indigenous Aman rice varieties named Boushohagi, Shadagotal, Hatibazor, Moinamoti, Motha were performed better over other varieties considering of germination and seedling growth parameters.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 15(2): 182-187, December 2017

scholarly journals Effect of Different Sowing Media on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of (Golden Shower Tree) Senna fistula L

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1547-1550
Author(s):  
O.A. Majekodunmi ◽  
I.O. Abiola ◽  
A.M. Aderemi ◽  
J.O. Adedipe ◽  
O.G. Ogunwale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Emergence Percentage ◽  
Level Of Significance

This study investigated the effect of sowing media on the seed germination and subsequent seedling growth of Senna fistula L. Treatments were T1 (Top soil), T2 (River sand), T3 (Grinded coconut husk) and T4 (weathered sawdust), replicated two times for seed germination. The treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) and the data generated was subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level of significance, while mean separation where appropriate was done using Least Significant Difference (LSD). The different sowing media used had positive effect on the seed emergence, the seeds planted in river sand had the highest emergence percentage of 70%. The different sowing media used did not have any significant effect on the vegetative growth parameters, statistically, they had same effect on the parameters measured. Nonetheless, seedlings from river sand produced highest number of leave (20.4), seedlings from topsoil produced highest plant height and largest leaf area of l0.62 cm and 37.l4 cm2 respectively. The seedlings from weathered sawdust produced the highest stem diameter of 0.79 mm, while seedlings from grinded coconut husk had lowest values for all the growth parameters measured. Therefore, it is recommended that river sand or weathered sawdust can be used to propagate Senna fistula seeds.

Interactions between Photosynthetic Pigments Bound to Lipid and Protein Particles. Spectroscopic Properties

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 582-587
Author(s):  
Framçoise Techy ◽  
Monique Dinant ◽  
Jacques Aghion
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Pheophytin A ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Protein Particles ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract The spectroscopic (visible) properties of pigment-bearing lipid and protein particles extract­ ed from milk show that: 1) chlorophylls a and b bound to separate particles can form aggregates provided their relative concentration is high enough. Neither pheophytin a nor β-carotene, in the same conditions, form observable aggregates. 2) Chlorophylls a and b can co-aggregate when they are bound to the same particles. Pheophytin a as well as β-carotene seem to prevent the aggregation of chlorophyll a. β-carotene has no effect on the aggregation of chlorophyll b.

Effect of Sodium Chloride on Growth, Gas Exchange, Protective Enzyme of Periploca Sepium Bunge

2012 ◽  
Vol 500 ◽  
pp. 130-135
Author(s):  
Jing Kuan Sun ◽  
Zhao Hua Lu ◽  
Tian Li ◽  
Jia Yi Tian
Keyword(s):  
Yellow River ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Yellow River Delta ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Protective Enzyme ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
The Common ◽  
Periploca Sepium

Periploca sepium Bunge. was tested for salinity tolerance in pot experiments using three levels of salinity, 50, 100, and 200mmol/L.It was observed that the plant growth parameters and net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs) were enhanced under low salinity levels (50mm/L NaCl.),which reduced strongly with increasing salinity levels. Under 100mmol/L NaCl and 200mmol/L NaCl stress, the decline of Pn was mainly caused by non-stomatal factors.The water use efficiency (WUE), apparent light use efficiency (LUE) , apparent CO2 use efficiency (CUE) were enhanced under low salinity levels (50mm/L NaCl.), the maximum WUE was observed at 100mmol/L NaCl, the minimum WUE was observed at 200mmol/L NaCl, the LUE, CUE were reduced repectively by 52%,47% at 200mmol/L NaCl compared to control.Activities of the antioxidive enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD),and catalase (CAT) were enhanced by salts treatment (50mm/L NaCl.), but CAT activity decreased under 200 mmol/L NaCl salt stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was non-significant versus the control under low salinity levels (50mm/L NaCl.),the largest concentration exposing to 200 mmol/L NaCl. These results suggest a possible use of Periploca sepium Bunge in Yellow River Delta regions,where salinity is often the common major abiotic stress for plants.

scholarly journals Influence of salt stress on ecophysiological parameters of Periploca sepium bunge

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Sun ◽  
T. Li ◽  
J.B. Xia ◽  
J.Y. Tian ◽  
Z.H. Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Periploca Sepium

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of salt stress on Periploca sepium Bunge seedlings using three levels of salinity, 50 mmol/L, 100 mmol/L, and 200 mmol/L sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. The results showed that growth parameters and net photosynthetic rate (P<sub>n</sub>), stomatal conductance (G<sub>s</sub>) of Periploca sepium Bunge were enhanced under low salinity levels (50 mmol/L NaCl), which reduced strongly with increasing salinity levels. Under 100 mmol/L NaCl and 200 mmol/L NaCl stress, the decline of P<sub>n</sub> was mainly caused by non-stomatal factors. The water use efficiency (WUE), apparent light use efficiency (LUE), carboxylation efficiency (CUE) were enhanced under low salinity levels (50 mmol/L NaCl), the maximum value of WUE was observed at 100 mmol/L NaCl, the minimum value of WUE was observed at 200 mmol/L NaCl, the LUE, CUE were reduced by 52% and 47%, at 200 mmol/L NaCl, respectively, compared to control. Activities of the antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) were enhanced by low salinity treatment (50 mmol/L NaCl), but CAT activity decreased at 200 mmol/L NaCl stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was non-significant compared to the control under low salinity levels (50 mmol/L NaCl), the maximum value was observed at 200 mmol/L NaCl. These results suggest a possibility to improve saline soil utilization of Periploca sepium Bunge in Yellow River Delta region.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic pigments, cell extrusion and relative leaf water content of the castor bean under silicon and salinity

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 841-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rener L. de S. Ferraz ◽  
Ivomberg D. Magalhães ◽  
Napoleão E. de M. Beltrão ◽  
Alberto S. de Melo ◽  
Jósé F. de Brito Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Salinity Levels

ABSTRACTThe castor bean crop plays an important social, environmental and economic role, especially due to possibility of its use as feedstock for the generation of clean energy. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the contents of photosynthetic pigments, cell membrane extrusion and the relative water content in the leaves of the castor bean cultivar ‘BRS Energia’ under silicon and salinity levels. The experiment was carried out at Embrapa Cotton, in a completely randomized design, in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, and the treatments consisted of four silicon levels (0, 100, 200 and 300 mg L-1) and four water salinity levels of (ECw 0, 2, 4 and 6 dS m-1), with three replicates. The gradual increase in salinity levels reduced the concentration of photosynthetic pigments, relative water content in the leaves and increased cell membrane extrusion. The increase in the concentration of silicon reduced the harmful effects of salts on the analysed variables in the castor bean ‘BRS Energia’.

scholarly journals Variation of beneficial effects of Trichoderma harzianum by the maize variety under water stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 529-535
Author(s):  
J. Chepsergon ◽  
L. A. Mwamburi ◽  
K. E. Kiprop
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Maize Variety

The aim of the study was to out whether the beneficial effect of T. harzianum in enhancing maize seed germination and seedling growth under water stress is dependent on the maize variety soil samples were collected from Marigat Rangeland, Kenya. Trichoderma harzianum was isolated using macro and micro-morphological characteristics. The present study employed a three-factor factorial (3 x 2 x 2) design, arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. There was no significant (p > 0.05) difference in percentage germination, seedling length, fresh weight, shoot-root dry weight, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities among the three varieties of maize. In addition, significant differences in seed germinations, seedling growth parameters and antioxidant enzyme enzymes were recorded between treated and control plants among the three varieties of maize. Maize variety had no significant influence on the beneficial activity of T. harzianum.

scholarly journals Germination and seedling growth in Afzelia africana Sm. ex. Pers.

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
E.R. Ogbimi ◽  
A.M.A. Sakpere
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Seedling Growth Rate ◽  
Alternative Means ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Afzelia Africana ◽  
Plant Seedlings

This study determined the best pre–treatment regime required for germination of the seeds of Afzelia africana Sm.Ex.Pers. and also provided information on the early growth parameters of the plant seedlings. Seeds of A. africana were collected from Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile – Ife (Lat 7° 32'N, Long 4° 31'E) and authenticated at the IFE-herbarium. One hundred and twenty five (125) seeds were sown per treatment (n=5 with 5 replicates and 5 repeats). Five (5) seeds each were sown in small petri dishes, without pre–treatment (control), or treated by subjecting to mechanical scarification and chemical scarification using Tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid (H SO ) and Trioxonitrate (V) acid (HNO3 ) for germination studies. Germination counts were made  at an interval of 2 days. For the six different pre–treatments, five seedlings per plastic bowl were transferred into soil in a total of twenty plastic bowls laid out in a randomized design and their growth monitored for 40 weeks. Results showed that pre–treatment of seeds with mechanical  scarification gave the highest percentage germination. Significant differences (P ˂ 0.05) occurred in the shoot height and in the number of leaves between 4 and 12 weeks of growth. The study established that pre–treatment with mechanical scarification was the best for uniform germination of seeds of the plant. This study has provided alternative means of pretreating A. africana seeds apart from using H2SO4 – the first to subject seeds to mechanical scarification and 2 4 chemical scarification using HNO3 , in addition to providing information on the germination parameters and the seedling growth rate of Afzelia africana. Key words: Propagation, Growth, Acid, Scarification

scholarly journals Interactive Effects of Brassinosteroids and Timber Waste Biochar Enhances the Drought Tolerance Capacity of Wheat Plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irfana Lalarukh ◽  
Zunaira Naeem ◽  
Nida Mansoora ◽  
Syeda Amjad Amjad ◽  
Shams Abdel-Hafez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Wheat Plant ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Randomized Design

Abstract Drought stress is among the major constraints that threat agricultural productivity within the arid and semi-arid regions, worldwide. In this study, wheat (a strategic crop) was selected to test its growth under drought stress and the mechanisms beyond this adaptation while considering two factors, i.e., (1) deficit irrigation at 35% of the water holding capacity (WHC) versus 75% of WHC (Factor A) and (2) the following safe treatments: the control treatment (C), amending soil with biochar (BC) at a rate of 2%, foliar application of 24-epibrassinolide at two different levels (1 (BR1) or 3 (BR2) μmol) and the combination between BC and BR treatments. The obtained results were statistically analyzed, and the heat-map conceits between measured variables were also calculated by using the Python software. This investigation took place under the greenhouse conditions for 35 days following a complete randomized design and all treatments were replicated trice. Results obtained herein revealed that drought stress decreased all studied vegetative growth parameters (root and shoot biomasses) and photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and total contents while increased oxidative stress indicators. All additives, specifically the combined ones BR1+BC and BR2+BC, were effective in increasing growth attributes, photosynthetic pigments and ion assimilation by wheat plants. They also upraised the levels of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants while decreased stress indicators. Furthermore, they increased Ca, P and K content within plants. It can therefore be deduced that the integral application of BR and BC is essential to mitigate drought stress in plants.

scholarly journals Influence of salinity levels on vegetative development of landrace dwarf common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Kamile Ulukapi ◽  
Köksal Aydinsakir
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
The Common

In this study, plant growth parameters of 16 landrace dwarf common bean genotypes collected from Western Mediterranean region of Turkey at different salinity levels were investigated. The salt concentrations were applied 0.5 (regular irrigation water), 2, 4 and 6 dSm-1. The study continued until the first flowering was observed in the plants. The results of analysis of the variance revealed significant variations among different salinity levels, genotypes and interaction effects of salinity levels × genotypes for morphological characters. According to statistical analysis results, there was no correlation between stem diameter and other morphological characters. It was determined that there was a statistically significant positive strong correlation between plant height and plant dry weight (r=0.703). There was a moderately statistically significant positive correlation between all other characters. The increased salinity level negatively affected the vegetative growth of the common bean genotypes. However, low doses of salt have promoted development in some genotypes (AGB10, AGUN25, BY4, BY24, IYOZ10). However, a slight increase in salt level caused a sudden drop in development. These genotypes are thought to be suitable for soils with low salinity. The genotypes gave different responses to salt stress and ISGA1 and ISGA10 genotypes gave the best results. Besides them, prominent genotypes were detected as AGUN6, BKARA2, AGB10 and IYOZ10.

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