scholarly journals Health and Work Conditions of Garbage Collectors: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-325
Author(s):  
Edilane Jales Leite Magalhães ◽  
Márcia Astrês Fernandes ◽  
Magda Rogeria Pereira Viana ◽  
Maria do Carmo de Carvalho e Martins ◽  
Eliana Campêlo Lago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Length Of Service ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Waste is considered everything that has lost utility after being use; therefore, it no longer has value to a person or a community. After objects have lost their value, they need to be removed from homes, workplaces, stores, markets, etc. Hence, waste collectors remove the garbage left on the streets and allocate it to appropriate places. From a historical perspective, waste disposal is closely related to consumption and values of cleanliness, purity, and organization of the current society. Objective: To analyze health and work conditions of waste collectors and the association of these parameters with the length of service. Methods: Cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 112 participants. Questionnaires addressing sociodemographic, work, and health conditions were used. The analysis of the association between health conditions and length of service was performed using Fisher's exact test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the length of service (more than two years) and a higher occurrence of injuries such as sharp injuries (p <0.001), headache (p = 0.036), back pain (p = 0.008) and work leave (p = 0.021). Conclusion: The working health conditions of waste collectors described in this study are associated with back pain, headache, and work and sick leave.

scholarly journals Position of lips and tongue in rest in newborns with and without ankyloglossia

CoDAS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Márcia Andrade Campanha ◽  
Roberta Lopes de Castro Martinelli ◽  
Durval Batista Palhares
Keyword(s):  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Purpose Verify the position of lips and tongue at rest in newborns with and without ankyloglossia. Methods Cross-sectional study, carried out with 130 newborns in University Hospital. Data collection was performed by the researcher and speech-language pathologists from the Hospital. Information on gestational age, sex, weight, height and days of life was collected. The position of the lips and tongue at rest was evaluated through visual inspection with the newborns asleep. After the newborns were awakened, Neonatal Screening of the validated Protocol for the evaluation of the lingual frenulum for infants was performed to detect the alteration of the lingual frenulum. The data obtained were described and submitted to statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test to verify the association between the position of the lips with the tongue and to compare the position of the lips and tongue with and without ankyloglossia. The Mann-Whitney test was used to verify the behavior of the variables the differed between newborns with and without ankyloglossia. The significance level of 5% was adopted. Results When comparing the data, a significant difference was found between: weight and height with and without ankyloglossia; position of lips and tongue. An association between the position of the tongue and lips with and without ankyloglossia was also found. Conclusion Newborns without alteration of the lingual frenulum have a tendency to remain with their lips closed and their tongue elevated during rest and newborns with ankyloglossia have a tendency to keep their lips parted and their tongue low during rest.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Osteocalcin Levels in Saliva of Periodontitis Patients and Their Correlation with the Disease Severity: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 352-359
Author(s):  
Hamda Shazam ◽  
Fouzia Shaikh ◽  
Zaheer Hussain ◽  
M. Mansoor Majeed ◽  
Saba Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Loss ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Group I ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to investigate osteocalcin levels in saliva of healthy and periodontitis patients and correlate these levels with periodontitis severity. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in a hospital setup. A total of 95 individuals participated in the study with 46 subjects in group I (healthy individuals) and 49 subjects in group II (mild, moderate, and severe chronic periodontitis patients). A detailed assessment of clinical periodontal parameters and alveolar bone loss was made. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected from all study subjects and osteocalcin levels were quantitatively analyzed by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent essay technique. Statistical Analysis One-way analysis of variance, Spearman’s correlation test, and Pearson’s chi-squared test were applied at a significance level of 95%. p-Values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The results showed a significant association of qualification with group II (p < 0.02). Bone loss scores were also significantly associated with periodontitis severity (p < 0.01). However, no statistically significant difference was observed between group I and group II in terms of mean salivary osteocalcin levels (p = 0.68). Also, an insignificant correlation was also observed between osteocalcin levels and periodontitis severity (p = 0.13). Conclusion The overall study results showed that there was no significant difference between saliva osteocalcin levels of healthy and periodontitis patients. Also, there was a nonsignificant correlation between osteocalcin levels and periodontitis severity. The findings of the present study support the hypothesis that low osteocalcin levels in saliva might be considered as a poor indicator of periodontal disease progression and severity.

scholarly journals Association between ankyloglossia and breastfeeding

CoDAS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Márcia Andrade Campanha ◽  
Roberta Lopes de Castro Martinelli ◽  
Durval Batista Palhares
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ethics Committee ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze the association between ankyloglossia and breastfeeding. Methods A cross-sectional study was undertaken on 130 newborn infants in exclusive breastfeeding with Apgar score ≥ 8 within the first five days of life. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee on Human Research. The data collection was performed by the researcher and by three trained speech therapists of the team. The protocols applied were the Neonatal Tongue Screening Test from the Lingual Frenulum Protocol for Infants, the UNICEF Breastfeeding Observation Aid, and the collection of maternal complaints related to the difficulty in breastfeeding was also considered. The data were submitted to statistical analysis – chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test, with a significance level of 5%. Results When correlating the data, the statistical analysis revealed an association between ankyloglossia and the items of suckling category of the Breastfeeding Observation Aid. The association between complaint of difficulty in breastfeeding and ankyloglossia was also seen. Conclusion On the first days of life, ankyloglossia is associated with the mother’s breastfeeding complaint and with the newborn’s sucking difficulty.

scholarly journals Relationship between Serum Homocysteine and Metabolic Syndrome among Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadi Naderyan Fe'li ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Yassini Ardekani ◽  
Ali Dehghani
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: This study aimed to compare the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and hyperhomocysteinemia and to specify predictors of the metabolic syndrome among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with schizophrenia and 100 patients with bipolar disorder. The participants' metabolic syndrome was determined according to the criteria set by Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program–Adult Treatment Panel III. Hyperhomocysteinemia was considered as homocysteine levels higher than 15 µmol/L. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, student t test, Mann-Whitney test, and logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was not significantly different (P = 0.07) between patients with schizophrenia (27%) and bipolar disorder (39%). No statistically significant difference (P = 0.17) was observed between patients with schizophrenia (82%) and bipolar disorder (74%) in the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia. The results of multivariable logistic regression model showed a significant association of smoking and BMI with metabolic syndrome in patients with schizophrenia (OR = 3.69, 95% CI: 1.13-12.05, and OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.20-1.60, respectively). In patients with bipolar disorder, BMI was a significant predictor of developing metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.14-1.47). Metabolic syndrome was more prevalent in women than in men in both diagnostic groups (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed in hyperhomocysteinemia prevalence between male and female patients with schizophrenia (P = 1.00). However, hyperhomocysteinemia was more prevalent in males than in females among patients with bipolar disorder (P = 0.001). Conclusion: Findings showed a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and hyperhomocysteinemia among patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. To deal with this problem, regular monitoring and conducting early interventions are recommended to determine the metabolic risk profile and to prevent the cardiovascular diseases.

scholarly journals Knowledge about syphilis and its oral manifestations among dental students: a cross-sectional study from Brazil, 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Pacheco Filho ◽  
Artênio José Isper Garbin ◽  
Natália Cupertino Pires ◽  
Karina Tonini dos Santos Pacheco ◽  
Cléa Adas Saliba Garbin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Disease Stages

Abstract Background: Clinical manifestations of the syphilis can occur in the mouth and in the perioral region. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge about syphilis and its oral manifestations among dental students and to discuss the role of the dentist in prevention and control of this disease. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with 171 dentistry students enrolled in the second, third, fourth and fifth years in the first semester of 2019 from the Federal University of Espírito Santo, Brazil. Data collection was performed by a questionnaire containing 16 questions answered by students in classroom. Analyses of absolute and relative frequency were performed. To perform association among variables, the Chi-square test (or Fisher's exact test with Yates correction) was performed with 5% significance level. Results: Overall, 169 students participated in the study. Only 40 (46.4%) students correctly answered the question about disease stages. Almost all participants answered that syphilis has oral manifestations; however, only 44 (25.7%) answered the question correctly. Regarding differential diagnoses of other oral lesions, only 63 (37.3%) reported knowledge on this subject. There was a statistically significant association between student’s educational level and knowledge about the etiological agent (p<0.0001), clinical manifestations (p<0.0001), disease stages (p<0.0001), oral manifestations (p<0.0001) and drugs (p = 0.005) related to the disease. Conclusions: Participants showed important gaps in their knowledge about syphilis and its oral manifestations. Our findings, together with the increased number of new cases of the disease in the world, reinforce the need for training dental professionals with knowledge about early diagnosis, effective treatment and follow-up of syphilis cases.

scholarly journals The correlation between parenting style and child creativity development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eppy Setiyowati ◽  
Umi Hanik ◽  
Mujadidien Affandi
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Style ◽  
Parenting Styles ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Creative Development ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Creativity Development ◽  
Permissive Parenting

Many children experience problems with creativity development. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlations between parenting style and the creative development of their child. The study was performed on students of TK RA Al-Islah (Kindergarten). A school located in Patuk, Gempol Sub-district, Pasuruan. The design used an analytic cross sectional study. The population was 32 mothers who had children between the ages of 4 and 5. The data was collected using a questionnaire and analyzed using Fischer’s Exact test with the significance level α = 0.05. The study showed that nearly half of mothers (40.0%) applied permissive parenting style and 56.7% children had low creativity development. The result of the analysis showed a correlation between a mother’s parenting style and the creativity development of their child, p (0.016) < α (0.05). The conclusion of the study was that child creativity development is positively influenced by productive parenting styles. Hence, parents are expected to apply better parenting styles to their children, for achieving better child creativity development.

1496 Building Inclusivity and Diversity from our Foundations: A Cross-Sectional Study Identifying Barriers to Theatre Based Training for Foundation Doctors

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Munro ◽  
W Minks ◽  
F Dowker
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Cultural Barrier ◽  
Surgical Trainees ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surgical Career ◽  
Surgical Teaching ◽  
Theatre Team

Abstract Aim Theatre experience is a powerful factor enabling trainees to determine whether they possess the enthusiasm and aptitude to undertake a surgical career. Removing barriers to theatre learning should allow a more meritorious and diverse cohort of surgical trainees. Method An 18 -point open and closed question Likert scale survey was distributed to Foundation Doctors in three hospitals within the Northern Deanery. The survey was designed via focus group and literature review, ascertaining perceived levels of preparedness, acceptance, enjoyment, and barriers to theatre access. Results The survey dichotomized respondents (n = 54) into those who attended theatre (n = 40) and those who did not (n = 14). Of those attending 38% (n = 15) reported intimidation and 15% (n = 6) cited a cultural barrier to attendance. Of those who did not attend 79% (n = 11) were interested in surgery. These respondents predominantly reported concerns around prohibitive ward workload and unfamiliarity with protocols. Covid restricted surgical rotations for some. There was a statistically significant difference (p fishers exact test = 0.001) between 83% of respondents who felt welcomed by the surgeons compared to just 45% made to feel welcome by the wider theatre team. Only 20% (n = 11) of respondents felt prepared for theatre by medical school. 50% (n = 27) were confident with theatre protocols. Conclusions The study raises concerns around apprehension surrounding the theatre environment and ward workload which appear to impede access to theatre. Adequate undergraduate surgical teaching, appropriate induction and allocation of theatre time are crucial to improve safety, diversity of applicants, confidence for trainees and compliance within the team.

scholarly journals KEBIASAAN MAKAN MAKANAN TINGGI PURIN DENGAN KADAR ASAM URAT DI PUSKESMAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Flaurensia Magdalena Kussoy ◽  
Rina Kundre ◽  
Ferdinand Wowiling
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Fisher's Exact Test ◽  
Fisher’S Exact Test

Abstract: Unhealthy community eating patterns by consuming high protein foods that contain high purine levels causes the incidence of hyperuricemia to increase. Consuming high purine foods will increase uric acid levels in the blood, which predisposes to gouty arthritis. The aim was to determine the Corelation between high purine food eating habits with uric acid levels in the working area of Remboken Community Health Center. The research design used descriptive analytic with Cross Sectional Study approach. A sample of 51 respondents was obtained using the Total Sampling technique. The results of statistical test studies using the Fisher’s Exact Test at a significance level of 95%, obtained a significant value ρ = 0.034 <α (0.05). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between eating habits of high purine foods with uric acid levels.Keywords : Purines, Gout, Eating habitsAbstrak : Pola makan masyarakat yang tidak sehat dengan mengkonsumsi makanan berprotein tinggi yang mengandung kadar purin tinggi menyebabkan kejadian hiperurisemia semakin meningkat. Mengkonsumsi makanan tinggi purin akan meningkatkan kadar asam urat dalam darah, yang merupakan predisposisi terjadinya gout arthritis. Tujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan makan makanan tinggi purin dengan kadar asam urat di wilayah kerja puskesmas remboken. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Deskriptif Analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study. Sampel berjumlah 51 responden yang didapat dengan menggunakan tehnik Total Sampling. Hasil penelitian uji statistik menggunakan uji Fisher’s Exact Test pada tingkat kemaknaan 95%, didapatkan nilai signifikan ρ = 0,034 < α (0,05). Kesimpulan ada hubungan antara kebiasaan makan makanan tinggi purin dengan kadar asam urat.Kata kunci : Purin, Asam Urat, Kebiasaan makan

scholarly journals Clinical and Para-clinical Features of Brucellosis With and Without Spondylodiscitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Fariba Keramat ◽  
Seyyed Hamid Hashemi ◽  
Farzaneh Esna-ashari ◽  
Kaveh Kaseb
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Vertebral Involvement ◽  
Spinal Mri ◽  
The Mean

Background: Brucellosis is a common zoonotic disease with protean clinical manifestations. Osteoarticular involvement is the most common complication of the disease. This study aimed to compare the clinical and para-clinical manifestations of brucellosis among the patients with and without spondylodiscitis. Methods: In this comparative and cross-sectional study, 135 patients having brucellosis with and without spondylodiscitis and admitted to Sina hospital in Hamadan, Iran from March 2009 to March 2014 were included. Clinical and para-clinical data of the patients were obtained from their medical records in the hospital based on a designed checklist. Results: Thirty-five patients having brucellar spondylodiscitis (BS) with the mean age of 55.60±14.31 years, and 100 patients having brucellosis without BS with the mean age of 43.27±18.35 years were examined. A significant difference was found between the mean age of the patients with spondylodiscitis and that of those without spondylodiscitis (P<0.001). All patients with spondylodiscitis complained of back pain and vertebral tenderness, while 60% of the patients without BS suffered from back pain but experienced no vertebral tenderness (P=0.003). The most common vertebral involvement in spinal MRI of the patients with BS was L4-L5 (45.7%). Patients with spondylodiscitis had more increased ESR and CRP than those without spondylodiscitis (P<0.001). Conclusion: It is recommended that Brucellar spondylodiscitis be considered in the differential diagnosis of the patients with prolonged fever, back pain, and vertebrae tenderness in the endemic areas.

scholarly journals Knowledge About Syphilis and Its Oral Manifestations Among Dental Students: Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Pacheco Filho ◽  
Artênio José Isper Garbin ◽  
Natália Cupertino Pires ◽  
Karina Tonini dos Santos Pacheco ◽  
Cléa Adas Saliba Garbin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Disease Stages

Abstract Background:Clinical manifestations of the syphilis can occur in the mouth and in the perioral region. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge about syphilis and its oral manifestations among dental students and to discuss the role of the dentist in prevention and control of this disease.Methods:This is a cross-sectional study carried out with dental students from a Public University. Data collection was performed by a semi-structured questionnaire containing 16 questions answered by students in classroom. Analyses of absolute and relative frequency were performed. To perform association among variables, the Chi-square test (or Fisher's exact test with Yates correction) was performed with 5% significance level. Results:Only 40 (46.4%) students correctly answered the question about disease stages. Almost all participants answered that syphilis has oral manifestations; however, only 44 (25.7%) answered the question correctly. Regarding differential diagnoses of other oral lesions, only 63 (37.3%) reported knowledge on this subject. There was a statistically significant association between student’s educational level and knowledge about the etiological agent (p = 0.000), clinical manifestations (p = 0.000), disease stages (p = 0.000), oral manifestations (p = 0.000) and drugs (p = 0.005) related to the disease.Conclusions:Participants showed important gaps in their knowledge about syphilis and its oral manifestations. Our findings, together with the increased number of new cases of the disease in the world, reinforce the need for training dental professionals with knowledge about early diagnosis, effective treatment and follow-up of syphilis cases.

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