The Influence of Wire Type Indentation on Longitudinal Splitting in Pre-Stressed Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 1165 ◽  
pp. 65-86
Author(s):  
Adrijana Savić ◽  
Aref Shafiei Dastgerdi ◽  
Robert J. Peterman ◽  
B. Terry Beck
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
State University ◽  
Longitudinal Splitting ◽  
Prestressing Steel ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Pretensioned Concrete ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete ◽  
Kansas State University

The important characteristic in the creation of longitudinal splitting cracks in pretensioned concrete members has found to be the geometry of the pre-stressing wire indents. Longitudinal splitting along prestressing tendons can result in severe splitting of prestressed member in the field under loading over time. The research evaluated the influence of wire type indentation on the longitudinal splitting in prestressed concrete members fabricated with different concrete mixtures and different compressive strength of concrete. A key objective was to find the best type of wire to avoid failures in the field. A study was conducted at Kansas State University to understand the effect of wire type on the longitudinal splitting between prestressing steel and prestressed concrete. Three different types of wires will be presented in this paper denoted as “WB”, “WF” and “WQ”. The wires have different parameters which include indent depth, indent width, indent sidewall angle, indent pitch and indent volume.

Suggested Qualification Test Procedure to Secure Splitting Resistance in Pretensioned Concrete Members

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
Adrijana Savić ◽  
Robert J. Peterman ◽  
B. Terry Beck
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Concrete Cover ◽  
Qualification Test ◽  
Effect Change ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Geometrical Features ◽  
Pretensioned Concrete ◽  
Railway Engineering ◽  
Jacking Force

Prestressed concrete ties could develop end-splitting cracks along tendons due to lateral bursting stresses. The lateral bursting stresses can form due to Hoyer effect (change in diameter of the prestressing tendons due to Poisson’s ratio), the jacking force in the tendons, geometrical features and indent characteristics of the prestressing tendons. End-splitting cracks can occur immediately after de-tensioning procedure in some cases, but they also can be developed during the first weeks after de-tensioning procedure due to sustained lateral stresses exerted by the prestressing tendons. The ability of concrete to resist these bursting stresses without cracking is primarily the function of the thickness of concrete cover, the type of concrete mixture used and the maximum compressive strength of the concrete. Qualification test will be great tool for prestressed concrete tie manufacturers to identify tie designs that may be susceptible to end-splitting cracks. This test was formally adopted as section 4.2.4 in Chapter 30 of the 2021 AREMA Manual for Railway Engineering.

scholarly journals The influence of different type of aggregate, fly ash and fiber-reinforced polymer on splitting resistance in pretensioned concrete railroad ties

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Adrijana Savić ◽  
Robert Peterman
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Pretensioned Concrete ◽  
Edge Distance ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

This research evaluates the influence of the different types of concrete mixture, using a shallow type of indentation of wire, having the different edge distance and compressive strength of concrete on splitting resistance in pretensioned concrete railroad sleepers. The investigated compressive strength of concrete was 4500psi. The research was experimental, and the part of this research was formally adapted in Arema StandardsforRailwayEngineering Chapter 30 section 4.2.4.

Bond of 13mm prestressing steel strands in pretensioned concrete members

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 403-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Martí-Vargas ◽  
P. Serna ◽  
J. Navarro-Gregori ◽  
L. Pallarés
Keyword(s):  
Prestressing Steel ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Pretensioned Concrete

Transfer Bond Test Used to Predict Transfer Length of Concrete Railroad Ties

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph R. Holste ◽  
Robert J. Peterman ◽  
Naga Narendra B. Bodapati ◽  
B. Terry Beck ◽  
Chih-Hang John Wu
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
State University ◽  
Ultimate Capacity ◽  
Force Measurements ◽  
Transfer Length ◽  
Pullout Tests ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Kansas State University

A study was conducted at Kansas State University to determine the correlation between tensioned-wire pullout tests and the corresponding transfer lengths in prestressed concrete railroad ties. Five different 5.32-mm-diameter pre-stressing wires were selected to be used on this project based on previous testing conducted at Kansas State University (KSU). The wires were tested to simulate the transfer-length bond. The transfer-length bond test involved tensioning each of the wires to 75% of their ultimate capacity, casting concrete around each wire and then de-tensioning the wire when the concrete had reached 4,500 psi. End-slip and force measurements were recorded on both sides of the specimen as the wire was de-tensioned. Transfer bond data was used to investigate the transfer length that each wire type would expect to see in a concrete railroad tie. Prisms with each wire type were cast and the transfer length was measured for each type of wire. Prism measurements were used along with the transfer bond data to correlate a relation between the transfer bond test and the transfer lengths of the prisms.

Creep Property of Concretes with Different Types of Coarse Aggregates

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 308-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Jun Liu ◽  
Mang Tia
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Creep Property ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Prestress Loss ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Florida Department ◽  
Different Types

The rheological phenomenon of concrete materials, also termed as creep, is one of very important properties of concrete. Excessive deformation caused by creep does more detrimental effects on prestressed concrete structures than otherwise. Even though some investigations had been conducted on the normal concrete mixtures by the researchers and engineers all over the world, and the conclusions and the creep prediction models based on those investigations were developed, their effectiveness to be extended to all the concrete mixtures is very limited due primarily to the susceptibility of the creep property of concrete to the variation of the properties of aggregate, cement, water to cementitious materials ratio and their proportions. Especially for prestress concrete, creep induced prestress loss puts severe threat on the safety and durability of prestressed structures. Thus, in order to thoroughly understand the creep characteristics of the typical concrete mixtures used in Florida, this project was carried out by University of Florida and Florida Department of Transportation. The investigation found out that the creep strains of the concretes with different types of coarse aggregates at 91 days are very close, while the differences of creep coefficients of the concretes with different aggregates are fairly significant.

scholarly journals Ductility of prestressed concrete members

1971 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. G. Blakeley ◽  
R. Park
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Concrete Beam ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Prestressing Steel ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Load Factors ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Reinforcement Distribution

An analytical determination of the moment-curvature relationships of prestressed concrete members under high intensity monotonic loading is presented, and compared with experimental results. The effects on ductility of such variables as transverse reinforcement, distribution of the prestressing steel within the section, steel area ratio, and axial load are described. A comparison is made of the ductility available in comparable prestressed and reinforced concrete members. The results of tests on prestressed concrete beam-column assemblies under high intensity cyclic loading are referred to and conclusions are drawn on the seismic resistance of prestressed concrete members. Load factors for seismic design are discussed.

Flexural design of precast, prestressed ultra-high-performance concrete members

PCI Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 35-61
Author(s):  
Chungwook Sim ◽  
Maher Tadros ◽  
David Gee ◽  
Micheal Asaad
Keyword(s):  
Prestressed Concrete ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Performance Concrete ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Supplementary Cementitious Materials ◽  
Ultra High Performance Concrete ◽  
Concrete Members ◽  
Cylinder Strength

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) is a special concrete mixture with outstanding mechanical and durability characteristics. It is a mixture of portland cement, supplementary cementitious materials, sand, and high-strength, high-aspect-ratio microfibers. In this paper, the authors propose flexural design guidelines for precast, prestressed concrete members made with concrete mixtures developed by precasters to meet minimum specific characteristics qualifying it to be called PCI-UHPC. Minimum specified cylinder strength is 10 ksi (69 MPa) at prestress release and 18 ksi (124 MPa) at the time the member is placed in service, typically 28 days. Minimum flexural cracking and tensile strengths of 1.5 and 2 ksi (10 and 14 MPa), respectively, according to ASTM C1609 testing specifications are required. In addition, strain-hardening and ductility requirements are specified. Tensile properties are shown to be more important for structural optimization than cylinder strength. Both building and bridge products are considered because the paper is focused on capacity rather than demand. Both service limit state and strength limit state are covered. When the contribution of fibers to capacity should be included and when they may be ignored is shown. It is further shown that the traditional equivalent rectangular stress block in compression can still be used to produce satisfactory results in prestressed concrete members. A spreadsheet workbook is offered online as a design tool. It is valid for multilayers of concrete of different strengths, rows of reinforcing bars of different grades, and prestressing strands. It produces moment-curvature diagrams and flexural capacity at ultimate strain. A fully worked-out example of a 250 ft (76.2 m) span decked I-beam of optimized shape is given.

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