scholarly journals Cost-Effective Production and Optimization of Alkaline Xylanase by Indigenous Bacillus mojavensis AG137 Fermented on Agricultural Waste

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Akhavan Sepahy ◽  
Shokoofeh Ghazi ◽  
Maryam Akhavan Sepahy
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Bacillus Mojavensis ◽  
Oat Bran ◽  
Higher Temperature

A xylanase producer Bacillus mojavensis strain, called AG137, isolated from cotton farm (Kashan-Iran). The optimal xylanase activity reached at 55∘C & pH 9.0. Enzyme yield was studied using a medium with different agricultural wastes as inducers. Xylanase production of about 249.308 IU/mL was achieved at pH 8 and 37∘C, within 48 h submerged fermentation in enzyme production medium supplemented with 2% (w/v) oat bran as an optimum carbon source. A mixture of 1% (w/v) yeast extract and 1% (w/v) tryptone as optimum nitrogen sources, agitation speed 200 rpm, and inoculum size 2% (v/v) were the optimums for maximum production. Accordingly, xylanase yield from 194.68 IU/mL under non-optimized fermentation condition enhanced to 302.466 IU/mL in optimized condition. Screened xylanase is thermostable, presenting 70% stability at 60∘C during 30 min. Further enzyme incubation in higher temperature caused a decrease in the residual enzyme activity, yet it retained 68%–50% of its activity after 1 hour from 45∘C to 55∘C. Besides, it is stable in pH 9 and 10, maintaining over 70% of its activity for 2 h. The enzyme also could preserve 71% and 63% of its initial activity after 3 hours of pre-incubation in the same alkaline condition. Produced xylanase therefore was introduced as an alkaline-active and stable one, displaying suitable thermostability feature, confirmed by HPLC analysis. Hence, all xylanase properties highlight its promising uses in industrial scale.

scholarly journals Screening of Culture Conditions for Production of Xylanase from Landfill Soil Bacteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Nor Amira Rosli ◽  
Rohaida Che Man ◽  
Nasratun Masngut
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Initial Ph

Culture conditions including initial pH media, incubation period, inoculum size, type of carbon source, type of nitrogen source and its concentration, which affect xylanase production were screened via the one-factor-at-a-time approach. The bacteria used in the production of xylanase was isolated from the landfill site at Sg. Ikan, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. Three characterizations of the landfill soil were investigated for their moisture content, ash content, and pH. The culture conditions range used in the experimental work were between 6–30 h for the incubation period, with initial pH between 5–9, inoculum size between 1–20% v/v, carbon, nitrogen sources, and nitrogen source concentration between 1–5% w/v. Xylanase activity was estimated using dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) based on the release of xylose under standard assay conditions. The landfill soil was observed to have pH between pH 3.4–7.2 with a moisture content between 12.4–33.7% and ash ranged between 3.5–4.3%. Results showed that the highest xylanase activity within studied ranges was recorded at 25.91±0.0641 U/mL with 10% (v/v) inoculum size, 1% (w/v) xylose as sole carbon source, mixture of 1% (w/v) peptone and 0.25% (w/v) ammonium sulphate as nitrogen sources, which was carried out at initial pH of 8.0 for 24 h incubation.

scholarly journals Production and Partial Characterization of an Alkaline Xylanase from a Novel FungusCladosporium oxysporum

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Qiang Guan ◽  
Peng-Xiang Zhao ◽  
Jin Zhao ◽  
Mei-Juan Wang ◽  
Shu-Hao Huo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Alkaline Proteases ◽  
Xylanase Production

A new fungusCladosporium oxysporumGQ-3 producing extracellular xylanase was isolated from decaying agricultural waste and identified based on the morphology and comparison of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rDNA gene sequence.C. oxysporumproduced maximum xylanase activity of 55.92 U/mL with wheat bran as a substrate and NH4Cl as a nitrogen source. Mg2+improvedC. oxysporumxylanase production.Partially purified xylanase exhibited maximum activity at 50°C and pH 8.0, respectively, and showed the stable activity after 2-h treatment in pH 7.0–8.5 or below 55°C. Mg2+enhanced the xylanase activity by 2% while Cu2+had the highest inhibition ratio of 57.9%. Furthermore,C. oxysporumxylanase was resistant to most of tested neutral and alkaline proteases. Our findings indicated thatCladosporium oxysporumGQ-3 was a novel xylanase producer, which could be used in the textile processes or paper/feed industries.

Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Ratio, Mineral Solution & Inoculum Size in the Production of Xylanase Using Oil Palm Leaf

2015 ◽  
Vol 1113 ◽  
pp. 273-278
Author(s):  
I. Norazlina ◽  
K.H. Ku Halim ◽  
Shareena Fairuz Abd Manaf ◽  
Muhammad Afiquddin Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Optimum Size ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Solution ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Palm Leaf

The production of xylanase by Aspergillusniger ATCC 16404 via solid state fermentation (SSF) system using oil palm leaves (OPL) as substrate was investigated. Fermentation parameters studied using one factor at a time (OFAT) technique, were carbon-nitrogen (C/N) ratio, mineral solution size and inoculums size. It was found that the optimum C/N ratio was at 0.4 with xylanase activity at 16.046 U/min. Meanwhile, the optimum size for both mineral solution size and inoculum size were at 1 ml with the xylanase activity recorded at 14.500 U/min and 19.057 U/min respectively. This shows that that the utilization of OPL as substrates in xylanase production using Aspergillusniger ATCC 16404 was a successful.

scholarly journals OPTIMASI MEDIA PRODUKSI ENZIM XILANASE DARI Bacillus sp. (Medium Optimization of Xylanase Production from Bacillus sp.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Erika ◽  
Rochmah Agustrina ◽  
Sumardi Sumardi ◽  
Mulyono Mulyono
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Medium Optimization ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Production Time ◽  
Xylanase Production

Xylan is a carbon source in growth medium of extracellular xylanase producing bacteria. The purpose of this study was to get the optimum medium for the growth of Bacillus sp. in producing the xylanase. The factors consist of production time, carbon, and nitrogen source, as well as simple sugars. Addition carbon source used was delignified sugarcane bagasse, rice hulls, and corn cobs with different concentrations (0.25%; 0.5%; 0.75%; and 1% w/v) . Ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, and sodium nitrate with different concentrations (0.08%; 0.17%; 0.26%; and 0.35% w/v) were used as a source of nitrogen, while the simple sugar used was glucose, lactose, sucrose, and xylose. The results showed that the optimum culture media of Bacillus sp. to produce xylanase is media with 0.25% natural starch from the corn cob xylan as a carbon source, 0.26% ammonium chloride as a source of nitrogen, 0.0625 grams of sugar xylose, at pH 6, incubation temperature of 40°C, and 12 hours production time. In that media, xylanase activity was 0.2 U/mL.Keywords: agricultural waste, medium optimization, xylanase, Bacillus sp.   ABSTRAKXilan merupakan sumber karbon pada media pertumbuhan bakteri penghasil enzim ekstraseluler xilanase. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan media optimum untuk pertumbuhan Bacillus sp. dalam memproduksi xilanase. Perlakuan percobaan terdiri dari waktu produksi, sumber karbon, sumber nitrogen, dan penambahan gula sederhana. Sumber karbon yang digunakan adalah bagas tebu, sekam padi, dan tongkol jagung dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,25%; 0,5%; 0,75%; dan 1% (b/v) . Amonium klorida, amonium sulfat, dan natrium nitrat dengan variasi konsentrasi 0,08%; 0,17%; 0,26%; dan 0,35% (b/v) digunakan sebagai sumber nitrogen, sedangkan gula sederhana yang digunakan adalah glukosa, laktosa, sukrosa, dan xilosa masing-masing sebanyak 0,0625 b/v. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa media optimum pertumbuhan Bacillus sp. untuk produksi xilanase adalah media dengan 0,25% tepung xilan dari tongkol jagung sebagai sumber karbon, 0,26% amonium klorida sebagai sumber nitrogen, 0,0625 gram gula xilosa, pada pH media 6, suhu inkubasi 40°C, serta waktu produksi 12 jam. Dalam media tersebut, aktivitas xilanase yang dihasilkan sebesar 0,2 U/mL.Kata kunci : limbah pertanian, optimasi media, xilanase, Bacillus sp. 

scholarly journals Thermostable Xylanase Production by Geobacillus sp. Strain DUSELR13, and Its Application in Ethanol Production with Lignocellulosic Biomass

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit Bibra ◽  
Venkat Kunreddy ◽  
Rajesh Sani
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Deep Biosphere ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Beechwood Xylan ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Characterization Studies ◽  
Ph Range

The aim of the current study was to optimize the production of xylanase, and its application for ethanol production using the lignocellulosic biomass. A highly thermostable crude xylanase was obtained from the Geobacillus sp. strain DUSELR13 isolated from the deep biosphere of Homestake gold mine, Lead, SD. Geobacillus sp. strain DUSELR13 produced 6 U/mL of the xylanase with the beechwood xylan. The xylanase production was improved following the optimization studies, with one factor at a time approach, from 6 U/mL to 19.8 U/mL with xylan. The statistical optimization with response surface methodology further increased the production to 31 U/mL. The characterization studies revealed that the crude xylanase complex had an optimum pH of 7.0, with a broad pH range of 5.0–9.0, and an optimum temperature of 75 °C. The ~45 kDa xylanase protein was highly thermostable with t1/2 of 48, 38, and 13 days at 50, 60, and 70 °C, respectively. The xylanase activity increased with the addition of Cu+2, Zn+2, K+, and Fe+2 at 1 mM concentration, and Ca+2, Zn+2, Mg+2, and Na+ at 10 mM concentration. The comparative analysis of the crude xylanase against its commercial counterpart Novozymes Cellic HTec and Dupont, Accellerase XY, showed that it performed better at higher temperature, hydrolyzing 65.4% of the beechwood at 75 °C. The DUSEL R13 showed the mettle to hydrolyze, and utilize the pretreated, and untreated lignocellulosic biomass: prairie cord grass (PCG), and corn stover (CS) as the substrate, and gave a maximum yield of 20.5 U/mL with the untreated PCG. When grown in co-culture with Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius, it produced 3.53 and 3.72 g/L ethanol, respectively with PCG, and CS. With these characteristics the xylanase under study could be an industrial success for the high temperature bioprocesses.

scholarly journals BIOMASSES AND XYLANASE PRODUCTION BY STRAINS OF PENICILLIUM ISOLATED FROM BRAZILIAN ATLANTIC FOREST

2009 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-364
Author(s):  
S.M. Tauk-Tornisiel ◽  
M.C. Vallejo ◽  
J.C. Govone
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Solid Substrate ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Activity Maximum ◽  
Different Temperatures

ABSTRACT Six Penicillium strains were isolated from soil at a depth of 0 15 cm in the Juréia-Itatins Ecology Station (JIES), in the São Paulo State, Brazil. They were evaluated for xylanase production under different temperatures and carbon sources. The best carbon source and temperature were first determined in an automated Bioscreen C system, verifying the growth of microorganisms. Liquid media containing tap water with 2% carbohydrate and/or 1% nitrogen sources were used. Afterwards, Penicillium citrinum, P. fellutanum, P. rugulosum and P. decumbens were cultivated in 250 mL Erlenmeyer flasks with 50 mL of culture medium containing tap water sole 2% carbon source (fructose, glucose, mannitol, sucrose or xylose) and 1% yeast extract as a nitrogen source at pH 5.0 and 28o C, with agitation of 150 rpm for 72 hours. These same strains, except P. decumbens, and P. purpurogenum were cultivated in solid substrate with wheat bran under the same environmental conditions to study the potential of xylanase activity. Maximum xylanase activity was observed in cultures with wheat bran, without the addition of any other carbon source, using inocula containing 1 x 107 spores.mL-1 (28o C, pH 5.0, 72 h). It can be concluded that P. fellutanum and P. citrinumare a good xylanase producers under the conditions of 28º C. The results of xylanase activity were 54% less at 28º C in liquid cultures media cultures than in solid substrate.

scholarly journals XYLANASE PRODUCTION FROM LOCAL BACTERIAL ISOLATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Badran & Al-Shamary
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Bacterial Isolate ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Accession Number ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Bacillus Subtilus ◽  
16Srrna Gene

 Seventeen local isolates of Bacillus were isolated from soil to produce extracellular xylanase under submerged fermentation process by using xylan as carbon sole source. All isolates were subjected  to quantitative scanning to select the most efficient one. The highest activity of xylanase (2680u/ml) was obtained from isolate Bacillus sp RS1. The isolate identified by 16SrRNA gene sequence of Bacillus subtilis  ( accuracy of 99%)which was matched with sequence of Bacillus subtilis VBN25 that recorded in Genebank under the Accession Number of MG027675.1.Extracted xylan from agricultural waste by acidic method(papyrus, sun flower stalks, Ibaa Wheat type, Furat wheat type and Abo Ghraib wheat type)were used as the substrate for xylanase production from Bacillus. The results  showed that the papyrus gave the highest amount of xylan (187.6 µg/ml) as compared with that of the sun flower stalks, Ibaa Wheat type, Furat wheat type and Abo Ghraib wheat type(161.3, 161.6, 157.6, 157.2) µ g/ml respectively. The results indicated that the highest  xylanase activity was 2800 u/ml produced by Bacillus subtilus when Papyrus xylan was used.

scholarly journals Potential of the Aspergillus labruscus ITAL 22.223 as a producer of cellulolytic enzymes and xylanase under solid-state fermentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Chadia Chahud Maestrello ◽  
Luis Henrique Souza Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Oat Bran ◽  
Important Field ◽  
By Products

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The enzymatic hydrolysis of the lignocellulosic biomass to obtain saccharides that can be used for the production of bioethanol is an important field in the renewable energy area. For this purpose, fungal cellulases and xylanases can be applied.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <em>Aspergillus labruscus</em> ITAL 22.223 was cultured under SSF with agroindustrial residues and by-products as substrates, humidified with different moistening agents, at different proportions (1:0.5, 1:1, 1:1.5 and 1:2; m/v), for different periods (24-216 h) at 25ºC. The extract obtained was used for determination of the cellulase and xylanase activities. The influence of temperature, pH and different compounds on xylanase activity was analyzed.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <em>A. labruscus</em> produced cellulases and xylanase under solid-state fermentation (SSF) using agroindustrial by products and residues as carbon source/substrates. The best production of β-glucosidase (6.3 U/g of substrate) was obtained in the presence of rye bran, whereas for the CMCase it was in the presence of crushed soybean (5.1 U/g of substrate) and xylanase using oat bran (74.8 U/g of substrate) as substrates, for 168 h of cultivation at 25ºC. Considering the high xylanase production, the best moistening agent and its proportion (tap water, 1:2 m/v) were determined. Optimum of temperature and pH for xylanase activity was determined as 55ºC and pH 5.5. The xylanase activity was inhibited by different salts, with exception of MnSO<sub>4</sub>. It was also inhibited by organic solvents, detergents, EDTA, urea and β-mercaptoethanol.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The fungus <em>A. labruscus</em> presented potential to produce enzymes from the cellulolytic complex and xylanase using low cost substrates.</p>

scholarly journals Impact of cultivation conditions on xylanase production and growth in Paenibacillus mucilaginosus

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-469
Author(s):  
D. T. Ha ◽  
A. V. Kanarskiy ◽  
Z. A. Kanarskaya ◽  
A. V. Scherbakov ◽  
E. N. Scherbakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Cultivation Conditions ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Paenibacillus Mucilaginosus ◽  
The Impact

Xylanase is an enzyme that hydrolyses β-1,4 bonds in plant xylan. This enzyme is applied in the bioconversion of agro-industrial waste for xylooligosaccharide hydrolysate production to improve digestibility and nutrition value of animal feed, food processing, the utilisation and faster decomposition of crop debris in soil, as well as in cellulose bleaching and other industries. The current trend focuses on using renewable resources, such as agricultural waste, as substitutes for expensive purified xylan in producer screening and xylanase synthesis. This work aimed to determine the impact of Paenibacillus mucilaginosus cultivation conditions on the xylanase production yield. Rice bran ferment lysate along with birch and beech timber xylans were used as a carbon source. Temperature, medium pH, pH correction factors, inoculant incubation time, carbon and nitrogen sources and concentrations were the studied criteria of xylanase biosynthesis and growth in bacteria P. ucilaginosus strain 560. We show that the xylanase biosynthesis and cultivation in P. mucilaginosus strain 560 are more practical and cost-effective with the use of a rice bran ferment lysate-based nutrient medium. Inductors contained in the rice bran ferment lysate improve the xylanase biosynthesis. Calcium ions also facilitate biosynthesis in the studied strain. Cultivation recommendations are: carbon source concentration in medium 0.5% of total reducing substances content; 0.2% carbamide as optimal nitrogen source; calcium hydroxide as an agent for medium pH correction to 6.0±0.2; cultivation temperature 30±1 °С. Under the specified conditions, cultivation of P. mucilaginosus does not require inoculate preprocessing, and a maximal xylanase activity in stationary culture reaches 20 U/mL.

scholarly journals Optimization of production and partial characterization of xylanase from a newly isolated Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e9
Author(s):  
Bruno Las-Casas Chaves ◽  
Ana Paula Martinazzo ◽  
Brisabella Coca ◽  
Adriane Nunes De Souza ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Teodoro
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Xylanase Activity ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Production Optimization ◽  
Partial Characterization ◽  
Birchwood Xylan ◽  
Xylanase Production ◽  
Local Soil

This paper reports the process of production optimization and partial characterization of xylanase from a newly isolated Bacillus amyloliquefacies VR002, isolated from local soil. The microorganism exhibited maximum xylanase production when 1.0% (v/v) of inoculum size was added to culture medium with initial pH 6, 1.0% (w/v) birchwood xylan, at 35 °C after 48h of incubation. Xylanase production in different carbon sources apart from birchwood xylan and xylose did not show high production levels. Optimum pH for xylanase activity was 6.0. The enzyme was alkali-stable and retained 100% of residual activity over the pH range from 6.0 to 10.0 for 24 h at 25°C. Optimum temperature for enzyme activity was 55°C. Xylanase was 100% stable at 4°C and 25°C even after 24h of incubation, a desirable characteristic for enzyme storage. Moreover, best crude extract volume and time reaction were found to be 10 µL and 5 min, respectively. After optimization of production and activity parameters, an increase of nearly 60-fold in xylanase activity (44.12 ± 4.36 U/mL) was achieved. Characteristics of B. amyloliquefaciens VR002 xylanase are particularly desirable for biotechnological applications

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