The media’s role in shaping the public opinion on education: A thematic and frame analysis of externalisation to world situations in the Portuguese media

This article uses thematisation theory (Luhmann, 1996; Pissarra Esteves, 2016) and frame analysis (Entman, 1993) to analyse externalisations to world situations (Schriewer, 1990) in the Portuguese print media’s discussion of education. Our data constitutes news and opinion articles collected after each PISA cycle’s results was published. The analysis demonstrates that the education themes discussed in the media between 2001 and 2017 are consistent, despite occasionally being discussed more intensively, frequently following the themes highlighted by PISA reports and OECD media communications. The frames used for these themes are more diverse, changing according to the speaker’s agenda and viewpoints. Externalisations (frequently PISA, OECD, and other participants in the survey) serve as sources of authority that help in thematising and framing education. This process works as a mechanism of double reduction for the complexity of the social world, narrowing the possibilities of how education is seen and interpreted by the public.

Discussion on the Combination of "Double Reduction" Policy and Ideological and Political Education

The “double reduction” policy and ideological and political education are highly compatible. The implementation of the “double reduction” policy needs the support of ideological and political education, and it is also an important background, precious subject matter and vivid example for ideological and political education in the new era. The combination of the two is aimed at primary and secondary school students, their parents, primary and secondary school educators, and other members of society. It focuses on the concepts of learning, education, career, and labor. On the basis of understanding “why the two can be combined”, this paper grasps “for whom to combine” and keeps exploring “how to combine”, so that the two can promote and complement each other.

Demand and Value of After-School Service in Primary Schools Under the Background of “Double Reduction” Policy

After-school service is an effective arrangement of time and space for students after school hours. Its demand and value are under the strong advocacy and implementation of national policies to establish a “people-oriented” concept while focusing on students’ development and pursuing educational equity.

FEAR ASSESSMENT WITH THE ‘DRAW A PERSON’ TEST OF THE DENTAL TREATMENT IN SPARING ENZYME-BASED EXCAVATION OF CARIES IN CHILDREN BETWEEN 4 AND 6 YEARS OF AGE

Aim The aim of the study is to assess fear with the ‘Draw a Person’ test in sparing enzyme-based excavation with Brix 3000 and conventional excavation when treating carious lesions in primary teeth. Materials and Methods The study involves 72 children aged 4-6. The enzyme-based excavation was used at 42 of the children and for the remaining 30 – conventional excavation with a bur. Each child has to complete the ‘Draw a Person’ Test: at home, before and after dental treatment in the dental office. The height of each figure is measured in centimeters using a ruler. Results and Conclusions Immediately prior to the dental treatment, a double reduction in the size of the figure in both groups could be observed, as compared to the figure drawn at home, which refers to an increase in the fear level. After the end of the treatment, in both groups, an increase could be observed as to the height of the figure drawn, and there is the impression that the height of the figures, drawn by children, where the carious lesions were excavated with Brix 3000 are closer to the figures drawn at home, compared to children treated using the conventional method.

Double reduction estimation and equilibrium tests in natural autopolyploid populations

Many bioinformatics pipelines include tests for equilibrium. Tests for diploids are well studied and widely available, but extending these approaches to autopolyploids is hampered by the presence of double reduction, the co-migration of sister chromatid segments into the same gamete during meiosis. Though a hindrance for equilibrium tests, double reduction rates are quantities of interest in their own right, as they provide insights about the meiotic behavior of autopolyploid organisms. Here, we develop procedures to (i) test for equilibrium while accounting for double reduction, and (ii) estimate double reduction given equilibrium. To do so, we take two approaches: a likelihood approach, and a novel U-statistic minimization approach that we show generalizes the classical equilibrium χ2 test in diploids. For small sample sizes and uncertain genotypes, we further develop a bootstrap procedure based on our U-statistic to test for equilibrium. Finally, we highlight the difficulty in distinguishing between random mating and equilibrium in tetraploids at biallelic loci. Our methods are implemented in the hwep R package on GitHub https://github.com/dcgerard/hwep.

Effect of Secondary Cold Reduction Rates on Microstructure, Texture and Earing Behavior of Double Reduction Tinplate

In order to evaluate the effect of secondary cold reduction rate on the drawing performance of double reduction tinplate and explain the mechanism, a detailed investigation into the microstructural characterization, dissolved carbon atoms, texture characterization by an X-ray powder diffractometer (XRD) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), and earing behavior were carried out with different secondary cold reduction rates of 15%, 20% and 25% for double reduction tinplate. The experimental results indicate that 15% secondary cold reduction rate could obtain a better drawing performance because there are no holes and cracks at the microstructure, and the content of dissolved carbon atom is relatively low; at the same time, it has a better texture distribution and low earing coefficient.

System analysis of the echelon scheme for the formation of the switching field of the centralized video surveillance node of office infocommunication systems

Введено понятие эшелонной схемы построения коммутационного поля центрального узла систем IP-видеонаблюдения и выполнена соответствующая ей модернизация типовых принципов расположение образующего его оборудования. Обоснована возможность размещения оборудования центрального узла в 19-дюймовом шкафу шириной 600 мм при количестве телекамер вплоть до 480. Проведена оценка средней длины коммутационных шнуров и показано, что обращение к эшелонной схеме дает практически двукратное сокращение этого параметра, что улучшает условия администрирование системы. The concept of an echelon scheme for constructing the switching field of the central node of IP-video surveillance systems was introduced and the corresponding modernization of the standard principles of the arrangement of the equipment forming it was performed. The possibility of placing the equipment of the central unit in a 19-inch cabinet 600 mm wide with the number of cameras up to 480 was substantiated. The estimation of the average length of the patch cords was carried out and was shown that the use of the echelon scheme gave an almost double reduction of this parameter that improved the conditions for system administration.

Generalized Camassa–Holm Equations: Symmetry, Conservation Laws and Regular Pulse and Front Solutions

In this paper, we consider a member of an integrable family of generalized Camassa–Holm (GCH) equations. We make an analysis of the point Lie symmetries of these equations by using the Lie method of infinitesimals. We derive nonclassical symmetries and we find new symmetries via the nonclassical method, which cannot be obtained by Lie symmetry method. We employ the multiplier method to construct conservation laws for this family of GCH equations. Using the conservation laws of the underlying equation, double reduction is also constructed. Finally, we investigate traveling waves of the GCH equations. We derive convergent series solutions both for the homoclinic and heteroclinic orbits of the traveling-wave equations, which correspond to pulse and front solutions of the original GCH equations, respectively.