Simple organofluorine compounds giving field-dependent 13C and 19F NMR spectra with complex patterns: higher order effects and cross-correlated relaxation

2010 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 882-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence B. Alemany ◽  
Thomas B. Malloy ◽  
Megan M. Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
19F Nmr ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Organofluorine Compounds ◽  
19F Nmr Spectra ◽  
Field Dependent ◽  
Complex Patterns ◽  
13C And 19F Nmr ◽  
Higher Order Effects

13C and 19F NMR Spectra of substituted ethyl α-fluorocinnamates. Application of the DSP-NLR equation

Tetrahedron ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles N. Robinson ◽  
Gregory E. Stablein ◽  
Carl D. Slater
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
19F Nmr ◽  
19F Nmr Spectra ◽  
13C And 19F Nmr

(9H-Fluoren-9-ylidene)fluoromethyllithium, a Stabilized Fluoroalkenyl Carbanion. Preparation, Reactions, 13C and 19F NMR Spectra

2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 1508-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Kvíčala ◽  
Andrew Pelter
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Methyl Iodide ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
19F Nmr ◽  
19F Nmr Spectra ◽  
13C And 19F Nmr ◽  
C Nmr

(9H-Fluoren-9-ylidene)fluoromethyllithium (1) was prepared by a low-temperature transmetallation of bromo(9H-fluoren-9-ylidene)fluoromethane (2). Whereas the synthesis of unlabeled bromofluoroalkene 2a was based on Wittig-Horner reaction of fluorenone (3) with ethyl (diethoxyphosphoryl)fluoroacetate (4), (1-13C)-labeled compound 2b was obtained via an addition of labeled lithium 1-ethoxy-2-fluoro(2-13C)ethen-1-olate (5) to ketone 3. Fluoroethenyllithium 1 was found by a low-temperature 19F NMR spectroscopy to be stable up to -40 °C; it was reacted with the series of electrophiles, e.g. benzaldehyde (6), methyl iodide (7) or chloro(trimethyl)silane (8). 13C NMR experiments with (1-13C)-labeled 1a proved that fluorocarbenoid 1 is probably monomeric in THF solution in analogy to other halocarbenoids.

Time after time: support for memory accounts of temporal preparation.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Butler ◽  
Samuel Ngabo ◽  
Marcus Missal
Keyword(s):  
Response Times ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Previous Trial ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Temporal Preparation ◽  
Subsequent Trial ◽  
Higher Order Effects

Complex biological systems build up temporal expectations to facilitate adaptive responses to environmental events, in order to minimise costs associated with incorrect responses, and maximise the benefits of correct responses. In the lab, this is clearly demonstrated in tasks which show faster response times when the period between warning (S1) and target stimulus (S2) on the previous trial was short and slower when the previous trial foreperiod was long. The mechanisms driving such higher order effects in temporal preparation paradigms are still under debate, with key theories proposing that either i) the foreperiod leads to automatic modulation of the arousal system which influences responses on the subsequent trial, or ii) that exposure to a foreperiod results in the creation of a memory trace which is used to guide responses on the subsequent trial. Here we provide data which extends the evidence base for the memory accounts, by showing that previous foreperiod exposures are cumulative with reaction times shortening after repeated exposures; whilst also demonstrate that the higher order effects associated with a foreperiod remain active for several trials.

scholarly journals Responsible innovation, anticipation and responsiveness: case studies of algorithms in decision support in justice and security, and an exploration of potential, unintended, undesirable, higher-order effects

AI and Ethics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Steen ◽  
Tjerk Timan ◽  
Ibo van de Poel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Responsible Innovation ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Key Dimensions ◽  
Higher Order Effects

AbstractThe collection and use of personal data on citizens in the design and deployment of algorithms in the domain of justice and security is a sensitive topic. Values like fairness, autonomy, privacy, accuracy, transparency and property are at stake. Negative examples of algorithms that propagate or exacerbate biases, inequalities or injustices have received ample attention, both in academia and in popular media. To supplement this view, we will discuss two positive examples of Responsible Innovation (RI): the design and deployment of algorithms in decision support, with good intentions and careful approaches. We then explore potential, unintended, undesirable, higher-order effects of algorithms—effects that may occur despite good intentions and careful approaches. We do that by engaging with anticipation and responsiveness, two key dimensions of Responsible Innovation. We close the paper with proposing a framework and a series of tentative recommendations to promote anticipation and responsiveness in the design and deployment of algorithms in decision support in the domain of justice and security.

Combined effects of frequency and higher-order effects on soliton conversion in an erbium fiber with inhomogeneous broadening

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 687-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelin Vithya ◽  
M. S. Mani Rajan ◽  
S. Arun Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Inhomogeneous Broadening ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Higher Order Effects

19F NMR spectra of 1,2-dihaloperfluoropropanes

1972 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
A De Marco ◽  
G Gatti
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
19F Nmr ◽  
19F Nmr Spectra

Bright and dark optical solitons in fiber media with higher-order effects

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nakkeeran
Keyword(s):  
Optical Solitons ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Higher Order Effects

Automated analysis and simulation of 19F-NMR-spectra

1985 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Gerhard Hägele ◽  
Winfried Boenigk ◽  
Michael Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
19F Nmr ◽  
19F Nmr Spectra
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