Deep Learning Based Approach for Assessment of Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome from Salivary Gland Ultrasonography Images

Abstract Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of exocrine gland. In pSS, permanent activation of the adaptive immune system is obvious. Lymphocyte co-stimulation plays an important part in inflammation and immunotherapy. Co-stimulator ligands (B7-H2) are significant costimulatory molecules. The interaction of B7-H2, with its sole receptor ICOS, promotes T cell differentiation, effector responses and activation. Our study found that B7-H2 is up-regulated in salivary gland, saliva and serum of pSS patients. B7-H2 expression in saliva have negatively correlated with saliva weight. Overexpression of B7-H2 into human salivary gland epithelial (HSGE) cells, increased the activity of p65 (phosphorylated at S536) and decreased the expression of AQP5. Furthermore, up-regulated B7-H2 induced apoptosis and inhibited proliferation in HSGE cell lines. These results suggest the expression of B7-H2 can decrease the secretion of saliva, increase the quantity of dental caries and reduce lifespan of patients of pSS.

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Síndrome de Sjögren primária: aspectos relevantes para os dentistas

Clinical and Laboratorial Research in Dentistry ◽

10.11606/issn.2357-8041.clrd.2017.137879 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Wanessa Siqueira Cavalcante ◽

Silvia Vanessa Lourenço ◽

Giovanna Piacenza Florezi ◽

Sheyla Baptista Bologna Lopes ◽

Ricardo Hsieh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salivary Gland ◽

Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽

Sjögren's Syndrome ◽

Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽

Sjogren's Syndrome ◽

Primary Sjögren’S Syndrome ◽

Primary Sjogren’S Syndrome ◽

Primary Sjögren's Syndrome ◽

Histopathological Features ◽

Sjögren‘S Syndrome

Objective: The aim of this present review is to provide dentists a better understanding of Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (SSp), clinical and epidemiological findings, also the etiopathogenic and histopathological features of the disease. Methods: The search was based on Pubmed/Medline and ScienceDirect database from 1991 to 2017. It was used keywords: “Sjögren’s syndrome”, “salivary gland”, “xerostomia”, “pathogenesis”, “diagnosis”, “minor salivary gland”, “ethiology”, “biopsy”. Discussion: Primary Sjögren’s syndrome (SSp) is an autoimmune exocrinopathy involving mainly the lacrimal and salivary glands, resulting in reduced secretory functions and classical sicca symptoms, such as dry eyes and dry mouth. The hallmark of the histopathological features is the presence of aggregates of mononuclear leukocytes surrounding ducts and acini. Others systemic manifestations can also be present, leading to considerable morbidity in the affected patients. The lastest diagnosis criteria of SSp was published in 2017, becoming a historical landmark in the early diagnosis of the disease, reducing the high number of underdiagnosis and improving therapeutic intervention. Conclusion: This review approached the clinical-epidemiological and histopathological features, and etiopathogenic factors of SSp, supporting a better comprehension of this multifactorial disease and needing a multidisciplinary approach and the role of the dentist in the clinical conduct of the patients affected by this syndrome.

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