Decision Support Systems IV - Information and Knowledge Management in Decision Processes

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Information And Knowledge Management

Overview of Decision Support Systems Applied to Construction

2016 ◽  
pp. 77-94
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Markov Decision Processes ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
Markov Decision ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Rule Based Systems

The domain of construction is a very knowledge-intensive domain with so many factors involved. This implies undertaking any action requires an understanding of the different factors and how best to combine them to achieve a favourable and optimal outcome. Thus decision-making has been extensively used in the domain of construction. The aim of this chapter is to undertake a review of various decision support systems and to provide insights into their applications in the domain of construction. Specifically, the principle of cost index, sub-work chaining diagram method, linear regression and cost over-runs in time-overrun context (CCOTOV) model and Markov decision processes (MDP), ontology and rule-based systems have been reviewed. Based on the review the Markov decision processes (MDP), ontology and rule-based systems were chosen as the more suitable for the cost control case considered in this study.

Engineering Mobile Group Decision Support

2011 ◽  
pp. 86-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Kronsteiner
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Group Decision Support ◽  
Problem Space ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Group Compositions ◽  
Collaborative Decision

This chapter investigates the potential of mobile multimedia for group decisions. Decision support systems can be categorized based on the complexity of the decision problem space and group composition. The combination of the dimensions of the problem space and group compositions in mobile environments in terms of time, spatial distribution, and interaction will result in a set of requirements that need to be addressed in different phases of decision process. Mobility analysis of group decision processes leads to the development of appropriate mobile group decision support tools. In this chapter, we explore the different requirements for designing and implementing a collaborative decision support systems.

Beyond RoboDebt

2022 ◽  
pp. 236-262
Author(s):  
Michael D'Rosario ◽  
Carlene D'Rosario
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Expert Systems ◽  
Systematic Error ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
High Stake ◽  
Robotic Process Automation ◽  
Potential Problems

Automated decision support systems with high stake decision processes are frequently controversial. The Online Compliance Intervention (herewith “OCI” or “RoboDebt”) is a system of compliance implemented with the intention to facilitate automatic issuance of statutory debt notices to individuals, taking a receipt of welfare payments and exceeding their entitlement. The system appears to employ rudimentary data scraping and expert systems to determine whether notices should be validly issued. However, many individuals that take receipt of debt notices assert that they were issued in error. The commentary on the system has resulted in a lot of conflation of the system with other system types and caused many to question the role of decision of support systems in public administration given the potentially deleterious impacts of such systems for the most vulnerable. The authors employ a taxonomy of Robotic Process Automation (RPA) issues, to review the OCI and RPA more generally. This paper identifies potential problems of bias, inconsistency, procedural fairness, and overall systematic error. This research also considers a series of RoboDebt specific issues regarding contractor arrangements and the potential impact of the system for Australia's Indigenous population. The authors offer a set of recommendations based on the observed challenges, emphasizing the importance of moderation, independent algorithmic audits, and ongoing reviews. Most notably, this paper emphasizes the need for greater transparency and a broadening of criteria to determine vulnerability that encompasses, temporal, geographic, and technological considerations.

Conversation-Oriented Decision Support Systems for Organizations

Data Mining ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 1376-1389
Author(s):  
Paulo Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support System ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Group Decision Support Systems ◽  
Compound Decision

This chapter proposes concepts for designing and developing decision support systems that acknowledge, explore and exploit the fact that conversations among people are the top-level “supporting device” for decision-making. The goal is to design systems that support, configure and induce increasingly effective and efficient decision-making conversations. This includes allowing and motivating participation in decision-making conversations of any people who may contribute positively to decision-making and to the quality of its outcomes. The proposal sees the sum total of decisions being taken in an organization as the global decision process of the organization. The global decision process of the organization is structured in decision processes corresponding to organizational domains. Each organizational domain has associated a unit decision process. If the organizational domain contains organizational sub-domains, then its compound decision process is the union and composition of its unit decision process and the unit decision processes of its sub-domains. The proposal can be seen as extending, enlarging and integrating group decision support systems into an organization-wide system. The resulting organizational decision support system, by its conversational nature, may become the kernel decision support system of an organization or enterprise. In this way, the global decision process of the organization may be made explicit and monitored. It is believed that this proposal is original.

Supporting Decisional Episodes

2011 ◽  
pp. 837-847
Author(s):  
C.W. Holsapple
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Right

This article develops the notion of decisional episodes as a basis for understanding ways in which decisions can be supported. Grounded in and aligned with knowledge management (KM) theory, the resultant perspective on decision support can guide researchers in the generation of research ideas and designs. It can also contribute to practitioners by suggesting architectures and functionalities to consider in the course of developing decision support systems, and by suggesting key issues to resolve in the course of deploying and evaluating a portfolio of decision support systems. Broadly speaking, knowledge management is concerned with efforts to ensure that the right knowledge is available to the right processors at the right time in the right representations for the right cost in order to foster right relationships, decisions, and actions with respect to an entity’s mission. These efforts unfold in various contexts such as designing, communicating, researching, and decision making. Our focus here is on the latter.

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