Real-Time PCR Confirmation of a Fatal Case of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis in Turkey Caused by Naegleria fowleri or Brain-Eating Amoeba

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koray Oncel ◽  
Leman Karaagac ◽  
Hande Dagcı ◽  
Mehmet Aykur
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri ◽  
Amoebic Meningoencephalitis

scholarly journals A Fatal Case of Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM) Complicated with Diabetes Insipidus (DI): A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zain Mushtaq ◽  
Saad Bin Zafar Mahmood ◽  
Adil Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Urine Osmolality ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Cells ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri ◽  
Amoebic Meningoencephalitis

Naegleria fowleri is a highly infective free-living amoeba usually isolated from soil and fresh water and is primarily found to infect the central nervous system (CNS) resulting in primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM). PAM as a cause of meningitis is often overlooked for other, more common causes of meningitis. Despite all the advances in antimicrobial therapy and supportive care systems, the mortality rate of this rare infection remains above 95% with the bulk of the cases being found in developed countries. We are presenting a case of a 44-year-old male with fever, worsening headache, and generalized weakness. Lumbar puncture showed a raised leucocyte count of 1100/µL with predominant polymorphonuclear cells, and wet mount prep for Naegleria fowleri was positive further confirmed with PCR. The patient was started Intravenous (IV) and intrathecal amphotericin-B, Per Oral (PO) miltefosine, IV rifampin, IV fluconazole, and IV dexamethasone. However, the patient started producing urine at 300–500 ml/hour. The patient’s sodium levels increased from 144 to 175 mmol/L in 12 hours with raised serum osmolality and decreased urine osmolality and urine sodium. The patient was started on PO desmopressin of 0.2 micrograms twice daily after which his urine output dropped to 60–80 ml/hour and sodium decreased from 175 to 162 and, later 155 mmol/L; however, the patient expired. PAM is a rare and extremely fatal illness, but with increasing incidence now being reported in developing countries as a result of better diagnostics. DI is a very rare complication reported in these patients leading to poor outcome. The complication of diabetes insipidus (DI) has not been extensively studied in patients having PAM. Only three cases have been reported with this complication. No mechanism has been mentioned in the literature behind the development of DI in these patients, and no study has mentioned laboratory details of DI as mentioned in this report.

scholarly journals Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis in an Infant due toNaegleria fowleri

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Khanna ◽  
Ruchee Khanna ◽  
Shrikiran Hebbar ◽  
V. Shashidhar ◽  
Sunil Mundkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis ◽  
Direct Microscopic Examination ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri ◽  
Amoebic Meningoencephalitis

Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) caused by free-living amebaeNaegleria fowleriis a rare and fatal condition. A fatal case of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis was diagnosed in a 5-month-old infant who presented with the history of decrease breast feeding, fever, vomiting, and abnormal body movements. Trophozoites ofNaegleria fowleriwere detected in the direct microscopic examination of CSF and infant was put on amphotericin B and ceftazidime. Patient condition deteriorated, and he was discharged against medical advice and subsequently expired. We also reviewed previously reported 8 Indian cases of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) and observed that for the last 5 years, none of the patients responded to amphotericin B. Has an era of amphotericin B-resistantNaegleria fowleribeen emerged? Management strategy of PAM needs to be reviewed further.

Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis with Naegleria fowleri: Clinical review

1996 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy D.P. Barnett ◽  
Allen M. Kaplan ◽  
Robert J. Hopkin ◽  
Michael A. Saubolle ◽  
Mark F. Rudinsky
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Review ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri ◽  
Amoebic Meningoencephalitis

scholarly journals Important factors causing high fatal cases of Naegleria fowleri primary amoebic meningoencephalitis in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 230-232
Author(s):  
Asad Mustafa Karim ◽  
Muhammad Yasir ◽  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Jung Hun Lee ◽  
Sang Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri ◽  
Amoebic Meningoencephalitis

scholarly journals Comparison of real-time PCR methods for the detection of Naegleria fowleri in surface water and sediment

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (5) ◽  
pp. 1739-1746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashleigh Streby ◽  
Bonnie J. Mull ◽  
Karen Levy ◽  
Vincent R. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri

A real-time PCR diagnostic method for detection of Naegleria fowleri

2010 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Maďarová ◽  
Katarína Trnková ◽  
Soňa Feiková ◽  
Cyril Klement ◽  
Margita Obernauerová
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Naegleria Fowleri ◽  
Nægleria Fowleri
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