Adenosine uptake site heterogeneity in the mammalian CNS? Uptake inhibitors as probes and potential neuropharmaceuticals

Recent light- and electron microscope studies concerned with the effects of D2O on the development of chick sympathetic ganglia in long-term, organized culture revealed the presence of rod-like fibrillar formations, and associated granulofibrillar bodies, in the nuclei of control and deuterated neurons. Similar fibrillar formations have been reported in the nuclei of certain mammalian CNS neurons; however, related granulofibrillar bodies have not been previously described. Both kinds of intranuclear structures are observed in cultures fixed either in veronal acetate-buffered 2%OsO4 (pH 7. 4), or in 3.5% glutaraldehyde followed by post-osmication. Thin sections from such Epon-embedded cultures were stained with ethanolic uranyl acetate and basic lead citrate for viewing in the electron microscope.

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Anticoagulants of primary haemostasis

Hämostaseologie ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1617031 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 29 (03) ◽

pp. 274-278 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

U. Steigerwald ◽

U. Walter ◽

J. Kössler

Keyword(s):

Experimental Studies ◽

Antiplatelet Agents ◽

Bleeding Risk ◽

Factor Xii ◽

Receptor Antagonists ◽

Thromboxane Receptor ◽

Adenosine Uptake ◽

Interaction Factor ◽

Favorable Clinical Outcome ◽

Adp Receptor Antagonists

SummaryInhibition of platelet function plays an important role in the treatment and secondary prevention of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular ischemic diseases. Established antiplatelet agents use different pharmacological targets for this role. Acetylic salicylic acid achieves a reduction of thromboxane A2 formation by inhibition of COX-1. Ticlopidin or clopidogrel are ADP-P2Y12 receptor antagonists. Tirofiban, abciximab or eptifibatid are used for the inhibition of the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor which is activated at the surface of platelets preceding the final step of their aggregation. The mechanism of dipyridamole is based on the inhibition of adenosine uptake and of phosphodiesterase-5.Efforts are made to improve antiplatetelet therapy with the aim to find agents with favorable clinical outcome and lower bleeding risk. Current clinical studies focus on a new generation of ADP receptor antagonists (prasugrel, cangrelor and ticagrelor) as successors of ticlopidin and clopidogrel after coronary arterial interventions. Developments using platelet targets different from established drugs are thrombin receptor antagonists (like SCH530348) or thromboxane receptor antagonists (like S18886/terutroban) in patients with cerebrovascular events. Results from recent experimental studies could lead to new strategies for antiplatetelet therapy (like inhibition of GP Ib receptor, GP VI receptor, platelet-leukocyte interaction, factor XII and others) in the future.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Slit2, a branching-arborization factor for sensory axons in the Mammalian CNS.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1007544.94855 ◽

2002 ◽

Author(s):

Eric Frank

Keyword(s):

Sensory Axons ◽

Mammalian Cns

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