This work presents the operation of an autonomous direct current (DC) DC microgrid for residential house controlled by an energy management system based on low complexity fuzzy logic controller of only 25-rules to manage the power flow that supply house load demand. The microgrid consists of photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine, fuel cell, battery energy storage and diesel generator. The size of the battery energy storage is determined based on the battery sizing algorithm depending on the generation of renewables during all seasons of the year in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. Two scenarios are considered in this work. In the first scenario: the microgrid consists of solar PV, wind turbine, battery energy storage and fuel cell. The fuzzy logic controller is optimized using an artificial bee colony technique in order to increase the system energy saving efficiency and to reduce the cost. In the second scenario: wind turbine is replaced by a diesel generator, also the rated power of the fuel cell is reduced. In this scenario, a new method is proposed to reduce the generation cost of the dispatchable sources in the microgrid by considering economic dispatch within the optimized fuzzy logic energy management system. To obtain the most suitable technique for solving the economic dispatch problem, three optimization techniques were used which are particle swarm optimization, genetic algorithm and artificial bee colony based on real environmental data and real house load demand. A comparison in terms of energy saving between the two scenarios and a comparison in terms of cost reduction between conventional economic dispatch method and the proposed method are presented.
Real-Time Energy Management for a Small Scale PV-Battery Microgrid: Modeling, Design, and Experimental Verification
