“What pressure ulcers mean to me?” Representations of pressure ulcer in persons with spinal cord injury: A qualitative study

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of behavioral or educational interventions in preventing pressure ulcers in community-dwelling adults with spinal cord injury (SCI). Data sources: Cochrane, Clinical Trials, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched in June 2016. The search combined related terms for pressure ulcers, spinal cord injury, and behavioral intervention. Each database was searched from its inception with no restrictions on year of publication. Review methods: Inclusion criteria required that articles were (a) published in a peer-reviewed journal in English, (b) evaluated a behavioral or educational intervention for pressure ulcer prevention, (c) included community-dwelling adult participants aged 18 years and older with SCI, (d) measured pressure ulcer occurrence, recurrence, or skin breakdown as an outcome, and (e) had a minimum of 10 participants. All study designs were considered. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts. Extracted information included study design, sample size, description of the intervention and control condition, pressure ulcer outcome measures, and corresponding results. Results: The search strategy yielded 444 unique articles of which five met inclusion criteria. Three were randomized trials and two were quasi-experimental designs. A total of 513 participants were represented. The method of pressure ulcer or skin breakdown measurement varied widely among studies. Results on pressure ulcer outcomes were null in all studies. Considerable methodological problems with recruitment, intervention fidelity, and participant adherence were reported. Conclusions: At present, there is no positive evidence to support the efficacy of behavioral or educational interventions in preventing pressure ulcer occurrence in adults with SCI.

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Important Factors in the Healing of a Pressure Ulcer in the Ischium of a Spinal Cord-Injury Patient Whose Pressure Ulcers Recurred Over 26 Years

Wound Repair and Regeneration ◽

10.1111/j.1067-1927.2005.130116y.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. A10-A10

Author(s):

Ayumi Sugai ◽

Hiromasa Yamamoto

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Pressure Ulcer ◽

Pressure Ulcers ◽

Spinal Cord Injury Patient ◽

Cord Injury ◽

Injury Patient

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Qualitative study of principles pertaining to lifestyle and pressure ulcer risk in adults with spinal cord injury

Disability and Rehabilitation ◽

10.3109/09638280903183829 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 32 (7) ◽

pp. 567-578 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Jeanne Jackson ◽

Mike Carlson ◽

Salah Rubayi ◽

Michael D. Scott ◽

Michal S. Atkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Pressure Ulcer ◽

Cord Injury

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Pressure ulcer perception in persons with spinal cord injury: Results of a qualitative study

Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.rehab.2014.03.783 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 57 ◽

pp. e214

Author(s):

A. Gelis ◽

A. Stefan ◽

M. Gourlan ◽

A. Pellecchia ◽

C. Fattal

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Qualitative Study ◽

Pressure Ulcer ◽

Cord Injury

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The global burden of pressure ulcers among patients with spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/19007237 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw ◽

Tadesse Yirga ◽

Henok Mulugeta ◽

Yared Asmare Aynalem

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Pressure Ulcer ◽

Pressure Ulcers ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Test Statistic ◽

Social Burden ◽

Cord Injury ◽

Summary Effect

AbstractBackgroundPressure ulcer, one of the common challenging public health problems affecting patient with spinal cord injury, is the formation of lesion and ulceration on the skin specially in the bony prominence areas. It has a significant impact to the patient and health care system. Moreover, it has psychological, physical, social burden and decrease the quality of life (QoL) of patients. Despite its serious complications, limited evidence is available on the global magnitude of pressure ulcers among patient with spinal cord injury. Hence, the objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the global magnitude of pressure ulcers among patient with spinal cord injury.MethodsPubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Africa journal online, PsycINFO and web-science were systematically searched online to retrieve related articles. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guideline was followed. The random-effects model was fitted to estimate the summary effect. To investigate heterogeneity across the included studies, I2 test was employed. Publication bias was examined using funnel plot and Egger’s regression test statistic. All statistical analysis was done using STATA version 14 software for windows.ResultsTwenty-four studies which comprises of 600,078 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The global pooled magnitude of pressure ulcer among patients with spinal cord injury was 32.36% (95% CI (28.21, 36.51%)). Based on the subgroup analysis, the highest magnitude of pressure ulcer was observed in Africa 41.19% (95% CI: 31.70, 52.18).ConclusionThis systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that about one in three patients with spinal cord injury had pressure ulcers. This implies that the overall global magnitude of pressure ulcer is relatively high. Therefore, policymakers (FMoH) and other concerned bodies need give special attention to reduce the magnitude of pressure ulcers in patient with spinal cord injury.

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Assessment of pressure ulcers in physically handicapped patients

Developments in Health Sciences ◽

10.1556/2066.2020.00006 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

J. Neugebauer ◽

V. Tóthová

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Pressure Ulcer ◽

Pressure Ulcers ◽

Care Quality ◽

Cord Injury ◽

Norton Scale ◽

Physically Handicapped ◽

Assessment Scales

AbstractPurposeAssessment of pressure ulcers is an indicator of nursing care quality. In physically handicapped patients, the risk is elevated, due to the neuropathy and incontinence that frequently accompany paresis and paralysis. We conducted a systematic review of 4 assessment scales to assess their use and usefulness for these patients.Materials/methodsWe searched 5 databases for articles published between 2016 and 2018 that included terms related to the risk of pressure ulcers in physically handicapped patients, including the names of 4 assessment scales (Norton, Braden, Waterlow and Spinal Cord Injury Pressure Ulcer Scale). One hundred and three sources were returned, from which we selected 10. We also selected an earlier source, for a total of 11.ResultsThe Braden and Waterlow scales are popular in clinical practice. The Norton scale is used for scientific comparisons and in clinical practice only sporadically. Expert opinion suggests that acceptance of the Spinal Cord Injury Pressure Ulcer Scale could reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers in physically handicapped patients.ConclusionsIntroduction of a scale designed for handicapped patients, combined with better preventive measures, could result in the bedsore reduction of pressure ulcers. Research testing the effectiveness of the Spinal Cord Injury Pressure Ulcer Scale in the Czech population is needed to validate its use in clinical practice.

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