Non-parametric confidence intervals of instantaneous forward rates

2000 ◽  
Vol 26 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques F. Carriere
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Forward Rates ◽  
Non Parametric

scholarly journals A comparison of bootstrap methods to construct confidence intervals in QTL mapping

1998 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
GRANT A. WALLING ◽  
PETER M. VISSCHER ◽  
CHRIS S. HALEY
Keyword(s):  
Qtl Mapping ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Parametric Method ◽  
Parametric Bootstrap ◽  
Interval Mapping ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Backcross Population ◽  
Mapping Procedure ◽  
Non Parametric

The determination of empirical confidence intervals for the location of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) by interval mapping was investigated using simulation. Confidence intervals were created using a non-parametric (resampling method) and parametric (resimulation method) bootstrap for a backcross population derived from inbred lines. QTLs explaining 1%, 5% and 10% of the phenotypic variance were tested in populations of 200 or 500 individuals. Results from the two methods were compared at all locations along one half of the chromosome. The non-parametric bootstrap produced results close to expectation at all non-marker locations, but confidence intervals when the QTL was located at the marker were conservative. The parametric method performed poorly; results varied from conservative confidence intervals at the location of the marker, to anti-conservative intervals midway between markers. The results were shown to be influenced by a bias in the mapping procedure and by the accumulation of type 1 errors at the location of the markers. The parametric bootstrap is not a suitable method for constructing confidence intervals in QTL mapping. The confidence intervals from the non-parametric bootstrap are accurate and suitable for practical use.

scholarly journals Application of non-parametric bootstrap methods to estimate confidence intervals for QTL location in a beef cattle QTL experimental population

2002 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONGJOO KIM ◽  
SCOTT K. DAVIS ◽  
JEREMY F. TAYLOR
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Bootstrap Method ◽  
Parametric Bootstrap ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Genetic Maps ◽  
Experimental Population ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Backcross Population ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Non Parametric

Empirical confidence intervals (CIs) for the estimated quantitative trait locus (QTL) location from selective and non-selective non-parametric bootstrap resampling methods were compared for a genome scan involving an Angus×Brahman reciprocal fullsib backcross population. Genetic maps, based on 357 microsatellite markers, were constructed for 29 chromosomes using CRI-MAP V2.4. Twelve growth, carcass composition and beef quality traits (n = 527–602) were analysed to detect QTLs utilizing (composite) interval mapping approaches. CIs were investigated for 28 likelihood ratio test statistic (LRT) profiles for the one QTL per chromosome model. The CIs from the non-selective bootstrap method were largest (87·7 cM average or 79·2% coverage of test chromosomes). The Selective II procedure produced the smallest CI size (42·3 cM average). However, CI sizes from the Selective II procedure were more variable than those produced by the two LOD drop method. CI ranges from the Selective II procedure were also asymmetrical (relative to the most likely QTL position) due to the bias caused by the tendency for the estimated QTL position to be at a marker position in the bootstrap samples and due to monotonicity and asymmetry of the LRT curve in the original sample.

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