Introduction:
Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (oHCM) consists of a constellation of LV hypercontractility, LV outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO), and impaired relaxation, often resulting in dyspnea and reduced exercise capacity. In healthy dogs, the novel myosin modulator mavacamten (MAVA), decreased LV hypercontractility and improved compliance. In the PIONEER-HCM clinical study, improvements in post-exercise LVOT gradient, exercise capacity, and symptoms were reported. To examine whether MAVA could also limit residual myosin-actin cross-bridges during diastole, and improve LV compliance, its effects on diastolic indices were evaluated.
Methods:
In PIONEER-HCM, an open-label, multi-site, prospective study, oHCM subjects received MAVA for 12 weeks at either 10-20 mg/d (n = 11, Cohort A; 10 completed) or at 2-5 mg/d (n = 10, Cohort B). Echo-Doppler indices of LV filling and relaxation were compared at baseline to week 12. The p-values are from Wilcoxon signed rank tests, evaluating the distribution of within-subject 12-wk changes from baseline around a null of zero.
Results:
MAVA reduced hypercontractility in a dose-dependent fashion, with relief of LVOTO in all subjects achieving plasma MAVA concentration >350 ng/ml (data previously reported). There was also an increase in mitral annular velocity during early diastole (e’
lat
). There was a concomitant reduction in E/e’
lat
and increase in LV end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) consistent with improved LV compliance (Table). MAVA improved dyspnea score with a trend towards reduction in NT-proBNP.
Conclusions:
Administration of MAVA is associated with improvement in measures of myocardial relaxation (e’
lat
) and compliance in parallel with reduction in LVOT gradient. These findings are consistent with preclinical findings reported in healthy dogs and support additional evaluation of MAVA in patients with obstructive or non-obstructive HCM.
Exercise capacity with non-obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: relation to diastolic function in children
