Successful dilation of superior cavel venous obstruction following repair of totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection

Haemoptysis was the presenting symptom in a 27-year-old male. He had undergone a Mustard operation for connection of complete transposition at the age of 2 years. For 6 months prior to admission, he had complained of dyspnoea without chestpain, and swelling of the fingers during hard physical work. Chest radiography and computer tomographic scans showed normal features of the pulmonary parenchyma, and no sign of cardiomegaly or vascular stasis. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy demonstrated a blood clot in the upper right bronchus, without any associated abnormalities of the bronchial tree. Doppler echocardiography showed obstruction of the superior caval vein, which was verified by cardiac catheterization. Balloon dilation at the site of obstruction increased the diameter of the vein from 0.5 to 1.7 cm, and the mean pressure in the superior caval vein was reduced significantly from 18 to 10 mmHg. The haemoptysis did not recur, and no complaints of dyspnoea or swelling of fingers during physical activity was reported 2 years later. Transthoracic echocardiography undertaken at this time revealed no obstruction of the superior caval vein. We conclude that hemoptysis is a rare complication of increased venous pressure in the upper body of patients with superior caval venous obstruction, which can be treated by balloon dilation or stenting.

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Fontan completion in reverse order out of necessity: secondary Glenn after primary extracardiac inferior cavopulmonary artery connection

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951116001839 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 925-928 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jannika Dodge-Khatami ◽

Avichal Aggarwal ◽

Mary B. Taylor ◽

Douglas Maposa ◽

Jorge D. Salazar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Ventricle ◽

Upper Body ◽

Reverse Order ◽

Venous Anatomy ◽

Caval Vein ◽

Single Ventricle Physiology ◽

Superior Caval Vein ◽

Good Outcome ◽

Cavopulmonary Connection

AbstractThe primary extracardiac inferior cavopulmonary connection is an unusual novel palliation for single-ventricle physiology, which we first performed in the setting of unfavourable upper-body systemic venous anatomy for a standard bi-directional Glenn, and in lieu of leaving our patient with shunt-dependent physiology. After an initial 16-month satisfactory follow-up, increasing cyanosis led to the discovery of a veno-venous collateral that was coiled, but, more importantly, to impressive growth of a previously diminutive superior caval vein, which allowed us to perform completion Fontan with a good outcome. Performing the single-ventricle staging in a reverse manner, first from below with a primary inferior cavopulmonary connection, followed by Fontan completion from above with a standard superior caval vein bi-directional Glenn, is also possible when deemed necessary.

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Partially Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection to Solitary and Persistent Left Superior Caval Vein in Usual Visceroatrial Arrangement

World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery ◽

10.1177/2150135117719861 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. NP88-NP90

Author(s):

Anoop Ayyappan ◽

Arun Gopalakrishnan ◽

Kapilamoorthy Tirur Raman

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Veins ◽

Caval Vein ◽

Superior Caval Vein ◽

The Right ◽

Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

Although the occurrence of bilateral superior caval veins (SCVs) is not unusual, persistence of the left SCV with atretic right SCV is extremely uncommon in the setting of normal visceroatrial arrangement. We report such a case that was also associated with anomalous pulmonary venous connection of the right pulmonary veins to the solitary left SCV.

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Horseshoe lung associated with anomalous pulmonary venous connection without pulmonary hypoplasia

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951100011550 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 91-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Antonio Corno ◽

Luca Rosti ◽

Ivan Machado

Keyword(s):

Ventricular Septal Defect ◽

Congenital Malformation ◽

Septal Defect ◽

Pulmonary Hypoplasia ◽

Caval Vein ◽

Superior Caval Vein ◽

Horseshoe Lung ◽

Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

SummaryHorseshoe lung is an exceedingly rare congenital malformation, characterized by unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia together with a midline isthmus producing fusion of the tissues of the lower lobes. It is frequently associated with other cardiac and extracardiac anomalies. We report an infant with a variant of the horseshoe lung with partial anomalous venous connection of intracardiac type, ventricular septal defect, and persistent left superior caval vein. There was no pulmonary hypoplasia.

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The Warden procedure for partially anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the superior caval vein

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951104001118 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 64-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Daniel J. DiBardino ◽

E. Dean McKenzie ◽

Jeffrey S. Heinle ◽

Jason T. Su ◽

Charles D. Fraser

Keyword(s):

Normal Sinus Rhythm ◽

Sinus Bradycardia ◽

Sinus Node ◽

Heart Association ◽

First Grade ◽

Atrial Pacing ◽

Caval Vein ◽

Superior Caval Vein ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

Purpose:When there is partially anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the superior caval vein, intracardiac repair alone can result in obstruction. Although the Warden procedure involving translocation of the superior caval vein is commonly performed as an alternative to atriocavoplasty, follow-up of a larger number of patients in the modern era is lacking. We report and discuss the experience of a single institution with the Warden procedure for correction of partially anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the superior caval vein.Methods:Since 1995, all 16 patients presenting with partially anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the superior caval vein underwent the Warden procedure at a mean age of 7.1 ± 4.2 years, with a range from 0.2 to 14.3 years, and a mean weight of 24.7 ± 14.0 kg, with a range from 4.1 to 52.9 kg. There were 9 males and 7 females. In 8 patients, we performed 10 concomitant procedures, including closure of an atrial or ventricular septal defect in 7, and advancement of the aortic arch in the other.Results:There were no deaths, and only one episode of postoperative sinus bradycardia with intermittent junctional rhythm, which resolved spontaneously during temporary atrial pacing. All patients were discharged home in normal sinus rhythm at an average of 4.1 ± 2.2 days after the procedure, with a range from 2 to 10 days. All are currently in the first grade of the New York Heart Association up to 5.6 years postoperatively. There is currently no evidence of sinus nodal dysfunction, nor obstruction of the superior caval vein, in any patient.Conclusion:The Warden procedure for partially anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the superior caval vein produces excellent results, preserves the function of the sinus node, and should be routinely considered for the repair of this lesion.

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Echocardiographic diagnosis of totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the azygos vein

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951100004984 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 305-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Anna Maria Musolino ◽

Giuseppe Santoro ◽

Bruno Marino ◽

Roberto Formigari ◽

Paolo Guccione ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Venous Blood ◽

Azygos Vein ◽

Caval Vein ◽

Superior Caval Vein ◽

Heart Malformation ◽

Precise Diagnosis ◽

Right Pulmonary Artery ◽

The Right ◽

Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection ◽

Axis View

AbstractTotally anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the azygos vein is a rare congenital heart malformation in which all the pulmonary venous blood returns anomalously to the azygos vein. Among 111 consecutive patients with totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection undergoing surgical correction at our institution between June 1982 and September 1997, this malformation was present in seven cases. By echocardiography, using a subxyphoid short-axis view at the atrial level and a modified suprasternal sagittal view, the malformation was diagnosed when the pulmonary venous confluence was traced posteriorly and superiorly relative to the right pulmonary artery and right bronchus, finally reaching reach the superior caval vein. Totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the azygos vein was misdiagnosed in the first two patients, both by echocardiography and angiocardiography. In the subsequent five patients, a precise diagnosis was obtained by echocardiography. Echocardiography, therefore, can be considered an accurate diagnostic tool permitting recognition of totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the azygos vein, and permitting corrective surgery without recourse to catheterization and angiography.

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Divided left atrium associated with supravalvar mitral ring

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951100005242 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 423-426 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Silvia Álvares ◽

António Sá Melo ◽

Manuel Antunes

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Septal Defect ◽

Pulmonary Venous Obstruction ◽

Venous Obstruction ◽

Caval Vein ◽

Interatrial Communication ◽

Superior Caval Vein ◽

Rare Association ◽

Echocardiographic Examination

AbstractReported is a case with a rare association of divided left atrium, supramitral stenosing ring of the left atrium, connection of the left superior caval vein to the roof of the left atrium, unroofed coronary sinus with an interatrial communication at the mouth of the unroofed sinus and ventricular septal defect. The need for a complete echocardiographic examination in the presence of pulmonary venous obstruction is emphasized. Surgery was successful in spite of significant preoperative pulmonary hypertension.

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Totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection to superior caval vein after an intracytoplasmic injection of sperm

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951109991053 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 527-529

Author(s):

Javier Pérez-Lescure Picarzo ◽

David Crespo Marcos

Keyword(s):

Congenital Anomaly ◽

Assisted Reproductive Technology ◽

Right Atrium ◽

Pulmonary Veins ◽

Reproductive Technology ◽

Caval Vein ◽

Superior Caval Vein ◽

Intracytoplasmic Injection ◽

Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection

AbstractWe report the occurrence of non-obstructive totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection to the superior caval vein in a child conceived by intracytoplasmic injection of sperm, a type of assisted reproductive technology. Totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection is an uncommon congenital anomaly, in which all the pulmonary veins connect to the morphologically right atrium, or one of its tributaries. To our knowledge, this malformation has not been previously described in a child conceived on the basis of assisted reproductive technology.

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Venous obstruction due to insertion of permanent transvenous pacemaker electrodes in children

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951100004364 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 375-377 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alpay Çeliker ◽

Kürsad Tokel ◽

Ferhun Balkanci ◽

Saruhan Çekirge ◽

Ali Oto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Subclavian Vein ◽

Collateral Circulation ◽

Digital Subtraction ◽

Venous Obstruction ◽

Caval Vein ◽

Complete Occlusion ◽

Significant Stenosis ◽

Superior Caval Vein ◽

Pacemaker Leads ◽

Pacemaker Electrodes

AbstractTransvenous placement of pacemaker leads is the recommended method for permanent pacemaking in children. We evaluated 11 children with transvenous ventricular pacemaker leads by digital subtraction angiography in order to determine the incidence of venous obstruction. The ages at the implantation ranged from 4.5 to 11.2 years with a mean of 8.05±2.17 and a median of 7.9 years. The interval from implantation to the time of procedure ranged from 12 to 64 months, with a mean of 37.4±19.2 and a median of 45 months. Complete occlusion of the subclavian vein was demonstrated in two patients. We also showed significant stenosis of the venous system in five further patients. Of the 7 patients, 5 had an extensive venous collateral circulation. We did not observe obstruction of the superior caval vein, or superior caval venous syndrome. Although we did not demonstrate this syndrome, we propose future regular evaluation of all our children undergoing transvenous pacemaking. This point may be important when second or third leads are implanted.

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Diagnosis, management, and follow-up of systemic venous drainage via a single left superior caval vein into the left atrium

Cardiology in the Young ◽

10.1017/s1047951106001454 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. 590-592 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jean-Marc Schleich ◽

Ons Azzabi ◽

Claude Almange

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Left Atrium ◽

Right Atrium ◽

Contrast Echocardiography ◽

Venous Drainage ◽

Surgical Correction ◽

Caval Vein ◽

Superior Caval Vein ◽

The Right

A 15-month-old boy presented with asymptomatic hypoxaemia due to right-to-left venous shunting via a left superior caval vein emptying into the left atrium, in absence of right superior caval vein. The diagnosis, suspected by contrast echocardiography, was confirmed by computed tomography and angiography. The child underwent surgical correction of the systemic anomalous return by tunnelling the left superior caval vein towards the right atrium. An asymptomatic narrowing inside the intra-atrial baffle developed 6 months later.

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