Contrast sensitivity isocontours of the central visual field

Abstract Purpose To investigate the relationship of ocular blood flow (via arteriovenous passage time, AVP) and contrast sensitivity (CS) in healthy as well as normal tension glaucoma (NTG) subjects. Design Mono-center comparative prospective trial Methods Twenty-five NTG patients without medication and 25 healthy test participants were recruited. AVP as a measure of retinal blood flow was recorded via fluorescein angiography after CS measurement using digital image analysis. Association of AVP and CS at 4 spatial frequencies (3, 6, 12, and 18 cycles per degree, cpd) was explored with correlation analysis. Results Significant differences regarding AVP, visual field defect, intraocular pressure, and CS measurement were recorded in-between the control group and NTG patients. In NTG patients, AVP was significantly correlated to CS at all investigated cpd (3 cpd: r = − 0.432, p< 0.03; 6 cpd: r = − 0.629, p< 0.0005; 12 cpd: r = − 0.535, p< 0.005; and 18 cpd: r = − 0.58, p< 0.001), whereas no significant correlations were found in the control group. Visual acuity was significantly correlated to CS at 6, 12, and 18 cpd in NTG patients (r = − 0.68, p< 0.002; r = − 0.54, p< .02, and r = − 0.88, p< 0.0001 respectively), however not in healthy control patients. Age, visual field defect MD, and PSD were not significantly correlated to CS in in the NTG group. MD and PSD were significantly correlated to CS at 3 cpd in healthy eyes (r = 0.55, p< 0.02; r = − 0.47, p< 0.03). Conclusion Retinal blood flow alterations show a relationship with contrast sensitivity loss in NTG patients. This might reflect a disease-related link between retinal blood flow and visual function. This association was not recorded in healthy volunteers.

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Association of Vistech contrast sensitivity and visual field findings in glaucoma.

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjo.75.9.558 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 75 (9) ◽

pp. 558-560 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

W E Sponsel ◽

K L DePaul ◽

J F Martone ◽

M B Shields ◽

A R Ollie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Contrast Sensitivity

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A role for the corpus callosum in visual area V4 of the macaque

Visual Neuroscience ◽

10.1017/s095252380000328x ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 159-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Robert Desimone ◽

Jeffrey Moran ◽

Stanley J. Schein ◽

Mortimer Mishkin

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Corpus Callosum ◽

Anterior Commissure ◽

Color Constancy ◽

Receptive Fields ◽

Optic Tract ◽

Complete Suppression ◽

Central Visual Field ◽

Field Representation ◽

Area V4

AbstractThe classically defined receptive fields of V4 cells are confined almost entirely to the contralateral visual field. However, these receptive fields are often surrounded by large, silent suppressive regions, and stimulating the surrounds can cause a complete suppression of response to a simultaneously presented stimulus within the receptive field. We investigated whether the suppressive surrounds might extend across the midline into the ipsilateral visual field and, if so, whether the surrounds were dependent on the corpus callosum, which has a widespread distribution in V4. We found that the surrounds of more than half of the cells tested in the central visual field representation of V4 crossed into the ipsilateral visual field, with some extending up to at least 16 deg from the vertical meridian. Much of this suppression from the ipsilateral field was mediated by the corpus callosum, as section of the callosum dramatically reduced both the strength and extent of the surrounds. There remained, however, some residual suppression that was not further reduced by addition of an anterior commissure lesion. Because the residual ipsilateral suppression was similar in magnitude and extent to that found following section of the optic tract contralateral to the V4 recording, we concluded that it was retinal in origin. Using the same techniques employed in V4, we also mapped the ipsilateral extent of surrounds in the foveal representation of VI in an intact monkey. Results were very similar to those in V4 following commissural or contralateral tract sections. The findings suggest that V4 is a central site for long-range interactions both within and across the two visual hemifields. Taken with previous work, the results are consistent with the notion that the large suppressive surrounds of V4 neurons contribute to the neural mechanisms of color constancy and figure-ground separation.

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Visual Field Damage and Progression in Glaucomatous Myopic Eyes

European Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1177/112067210701700409 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 534-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

A. Perdicchi ◽

M. Iester ◽

G. Scuderi ◽

S. Amodeo ◽

E.M. Medori ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Open Angle Glaucoma ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Visual Fields ◽

Light Sensitivity ◽

Progressive Increase ◽

Central Visual Field ◽

Trend Function ◽

Visual Field Damage ◽

Loss Variance

Purpose To make a visual field retrospective analysis on a group of patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and to evaluate whether different refractive errors could have different progression of the 30° central sensitivity. Methods A total of 110 patients with POAG (52 men and 58 women) were included in the study. All the patients were divided into four subgroups based on the refractive error. The visual field of all the included patients was assessed by an Octopus 30° central visual field every 6 months, for a total of 837 visual fields examined. The resulting data were analyzed by PERIDATA for Windows 1.7 TREND function. Mean defect (MD) and loss variance (LV) were considered for the analysis. Results At the first examination, 82% of eyes showed a global decrease of differential light sensitivity (MD >2 dB) and in 67% the distribution of the defect was nonhomogeneous (LV >6 dB). The analysis of variance for subgroups showed a more significant decrease of MD in highly myopic patients. A linear regression analysis highlighted a statistically significant change in time of MD in 36% and of LV in 34% of the eyes studied. Highly myopic patients had the highest (p<0.01) percentage of change of MD and LV (46% and 42%, respectively). Among the four subgroups, there was no difference in progression of MD decrease in time. Conclusions These results showed that after 5 years of glaucoma, the visual field was altered in most of the eyes examined (82%) and that in 67% of cases, its defect was nonhomogeneous and worsened with the increase of myopia. The regression linear analysis of visual field changes in time showed a progressive increase of MD and LV in approximately one third of all the eyes examined.

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