Reversal learning deficits during sleep deprivation: investigating the role of information acquisition failures

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1445-1451
Author(s):  
Darian Lawrence-Sidebottom ◽  
John M. Hinson ◽  
Paul Whitney ◽  
Hans P. A. Van Dongen ◽  
Kimberly A. Honn
2009 ◽  
Vol 206 (3) ◽  
pp. 403-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samantha L. McLean ◽  
Marie L. Woolley ◽  
Dave Thomas ◽  
Joanna C. Neill

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanglin Ma ◽  
Chunbo Ma ◽  
Ye Su ◽  
Zihan Nie

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that influence Chinese apple farmers’ willingness to adopt organic farming, paying a special attention to the role of information acquisition. Design/methodology/approach Given that the selection bias may occur when farmers themselves decide whether or not to acquire the information to understand the essence of organic farming, this study employs a recursive bivariate probit model to address the issue of the selection bias. Findings The empirical results indicate that farmers’ decision to acquire information is positively affected by farmers’ environmental awareness, access to credit and access to information. In particular, information acquisition appears to increase the likelihood of farmers’ willingness to adopt organic farming by 35.9 percentage points on average. Practical implications The findings suggest that measures increasing farmers’ information exposure can be promising policy interventions to induce adoption of organic farming. Originality/value While considerable evidence indicates that organic farming provides more benefits than conventional production practice, little is known about farmers’ willingness to adopt in China. This paper provides a first attempt by examining the role of information acquisition in determining Chinese apple farmers’ willingness to adopt.


2012 ◽  
Vol 179 (5) ◽  
pp. 606-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greta Bocedi ◽  
Johannes Heinonen ◽  
Justin M. J. Travis

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (13) ◽  
pp. 2302-2311 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. M. Timmer ◽  
G. Sescousse ◽  
M. E. van der Schaaf ◽  
R. A. J. Esselink ◽  
R. Cools

BackgroundDepression is one of the most common and debilitating non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). The neurocognitive mechanisms underlying depression in PD are unclear and treatment is often suboptimal.MethodsWe investigated the role of striatal dopamine in reversal learning from reward and punishment by combining a controlled medication withdrawal procedure with functional magnetic resonance imaging in 22 non-depressed PD patients and 19 PD patients with past or present depression.ResultsPD patients with a depression (history) exhibited impaired reward v. punishment reversal learning as well as reduced reward v. punishment-related BOLD signal in the striatum (putamen) compared with non-depressed PD patients. No effects of dopaminergic medication were observed.ConclusionsThe present findings demonstrate that impairments in reversal learning from reward v. punishment and associated striatal signalling depend on the presence of (a history of) depression in PD.


2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique H.M. Timmer ◽  
Guillaume Sescousse ◽  
Marieke E. van der Schaaf ◽  
Rianne A.J. Esselink ◽  
Roshan Cools

AbstractBackgroundDepression is one of the most common and debilitating non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The neurocognitive mechanisms underlying depression in PD are unclear and treatment is often suboptimal.MethodsWe investigated the role of striatal dopamine in reversal learning from reward and punishment by combining a controlled medication withdrawal procedure with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 22 non-depressed PD patients and 19 PD patients with past or present PD-related depression.ResultsPD patients with a PD-related depression (history) exhibited impaired reward versus punishment reversal learning as well as reduced reward versus punishment-related BOLD signal in the striatum (putamen) compared with non-depressed PD patients. No effects of dopaminergic medication were observed.ConclusionsThe present findings demonstrate that impairments in reversal learning from reward versus punishment and associated reward-related striatal signalling depend on the presence of (a history of) depression in PD.


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