Heterotopic gastric mucosa together with intestinal metaplasia and moderate dysplasia in the gall bladder: report of two clinically unusual cases with literature review

Abstract Introduction Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) in esophagus is commonly noted as an inlet patch at endoscopy. We describe a rare patient with symptomatic distal esophageal HGM. Case Report A 40-year-old male presented with retrosternal pain and marked odynophagia for the last 4 weeks without any history of ingestion of antibiotics, foreign body, or corrosive. Endoscopy showed abrupt circumferential transition to salmon pink mucosa at 35 cm from incisors. From 35 to 41 cm, there were areas of polypoid edematous thickening with few superficial ulcers of 1 to 3 mm. Squamous epithelium was visualized at narrow band imaging from 41 cm to the Z-line at 43 cm with no hiatus hernia. Biopsy showed gastric-type mucosa with parietal cells without dysplasia. Serology for cytomegalovirus and human immunodeficiency virus was negative. He was managed with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and prokinetics and improved symptomatically. Follow-up endoscopy at 3 months demonstrated healing of ulcers with persistence of HGM and pseudopolyps. He remains well on maintenance with PPI at 1-year follow-up. Conclusion Symptomatic HGM in distal esophagus is rare and can be differentiated from Barrett’s esophagus histologically and by presence of squamous epithelium between HGM and stomach. Inflammatory mass lesions may develop and mimic esophageal malignancy. Symptoms are largely due to acid production and usually respond to PPI.

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Heterotopic gastric mucosa in the gallbladder—a rare find

Journal of Surgical Case Reports ◽

10.1093/jscr/rjaa490 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Roberto Cunha ◽

Rafaela Parreira ◽

Rui Quintanilha ◽

Vítor Carneiro ◽

Armando Medeiros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Gastric Mucosa ◽

Histological Change ◽

Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa ◽

Gallbladder Polyp ◽

Usual Location ◽

Common Situation

Abstract It is universally known and accepted that the development of a certain type of tissue outside its usual location, like in the gastrointestinal tract, can occur. This is a relatively common situation in the upper region of the gastrointestinal tract. However, the development of gastric mucosa in the gallbladder is a rare find. The following is the case of a 22-year-old male with an 18 mm gallbladder polyp, who electively underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, having been diagnosed at a histopathological level with heterotopic gastric mucosa in the gallbladder. This brief article also aims to provide a reflection on the possible evolution of neoplasms from this histological change, based on the doubts raised in literature.

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Rare presentation of annular and polypoid heterotopic gastric mucosa in duodenum

JGH Open ◽

10.1002/jgh3.12434 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Takayoshi Kiba ◽

Naoki Kotoh ◽

Masahiro Tsuboi

Keyword(s):

Gastric Mucosa ◽

Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa ◽

Rare Presentation

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