Influence de l'exercice physique pendant et après la plongée sur le risque d’accident de décompression

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 666-670
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Gempp ◽  
Jean-Éric Blatteau
Keyword(s):  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Temporal Course ◽  
Decompression Procedure ◽  
Risque D’Accident

Exercise at depth and during decompression is a commonly accepted factor that affects the risk of decompression sickness in divers and aviators, but data documenting these effects are limited and conflicting. The mechanisms may be complex and influenced by several factors, such as the type and nature of exercise, the temporal course of the exercise in relation to the decompression procedure, and the diving profile. This paper reviews previous studies in this field of research, and discusses current concepts in diving activities.

Metabolic and Toxic Myelopathies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaël C. C. Slama ◽  
Aaron L. Berkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Intrathecal Chemotherapy ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Toxic Exposure ◽  
Heroin Use ◽  
Temporal Course ◽  
Chronic Myelopathy

AbstractMetabolic and toxic causes of myelopathy form a heterogeneous group of disorders. In this review, we discuss the causes of metabolic and toxic myelopathies with respect to clinical presentation, pathophysiology, diagnostic testing, treatment, and prognosis. This review is organized by temporal course (hyperacute, acute, subacute, and chronic) and etiology (e.g., nutritional deficiency, toxic exposure). Broadly, the myelopathies associated with dietary toxins (neurolathyrism, konzo) and decompression sickness present suddenly (hyperacute). The myelopathies associated with heroin use and electrical injury present over hours to days (acutely). Most nutritional deficiencies (cobalamin, folate, copper) and toxic substances (nitrous oxide, zinc, organophosphates, clioquinol) cause a myelopathy of subacute onset. Vitamin E deficiency and hepatic myelopathy cause a chronic myelopathy. Radiation- and intrathecal chemotherapy-induced myelopathy can cause a transient and/or a progressive syndrome. For many metabolic and toxic causes of myelopathy, clinical deficits may stabilize or improve with rapid identification and treatment. Familiarity with these disorders is therefore essential.

Diving Accident Evacuations by Helicopter and Immersion Pulmonary Edema

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 806-811
Author(s):  
Laëtitia Corgie ◽  
Nicolas Huiban ◽  
Jean-Michel Pontier ◽  
François-Xavier Brocq ◽  
Jean-François Boulard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Emergency Unit ◽  
Diving Accident ◽  
Landing Zone ◽  
Diving Accidents ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Life Threatening

BACKGROUND: Scuba diving activities expose divers to serious accidents, which can require early hospitalization. Helicopters are used for early evacuation. On the French Mediterranean coast, rescue is made offshore mainly by a French Navy Dauphin or at a landing zone by an emergency unit EC 135 helicopter.METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed diving accidents evacuated by helicopter on the French Mediterranean coast from 1 September 2014 to 31 August 2016. We gathered data at the Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Diving Expertise (SMHEP) of the Sainte-Anne Military Hospital (Toulon, France), the 35 F squadron at Hyres (France) Naval Air Station, and the SAMU 83 emergency unit (Toulon, France).RESULTS: A total of 23 diving accidents were evacuated offshore by Dauphin helicopter and 23 at a landing zone on the coast by EC 135 helicopter without hoist. Immersion pulmonary edema (IPE) accounted for one-third of the total diving accidents evacuated by helicopter with identified causes. It was responsible for at least half of the deaths at the dive place. A quarter of the rescued IPE victims died because of early cardiac arrest.DISCUSSION: Helicopter evacuation is indicated when vital prognosis (IPE and pulmonary overpressure in particular) or neurological functional prognosis (decompression sickness) is of concern. IPE is the primary etiology in patients with serious dive injuries that are life-threatening and who will benefit from helicopter evacuation. A non-invasive ventilation device with inspiratory support and positive expiratory pressure must be used, in particular for IPE.Corgie L, Huiban N, Pontier J-M, Brocq F-X, Boulard J-F, Monteil M. Diving accident evacuations by helicopter and immersion pulmonary edema. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(10):806811.

Can a single bout of exercise prevent decompression sickness?

2004 ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
Ulrik Wisløff ◽  
Russell Richardson ◽  
Zeljko Dujic ◽  
Alf Brubakk
Keyword(s):  
Decompression Sickness ◽  
Single Bout

Relationship between Age and Susceptibility to Decompression Sickness. A Review.

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid M. Sulaiman ◽  
Andrew A. Pilmanis ◽  
Robert B. O'Connor ◽  
F. W. Baumgardner
Keyword(s):  
Decompression Sickness
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