Adrenal medullary and adrenal cortical response to stimulation of diencephalon

1962 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Goldfien ◽  
William F. Ganong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Cortical Response ◽  
Catecholamine Secretion ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

Epinephrine and norepinephrine secretions were measured before, during, and after electrical stimulation of 66 points in the hypothalamus and adjacent parts of the brain in 19 dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital. The 17-hydroxycorticoid response to stimulation of 21 points in 11 dogs was also measured. Catecholamines increased with I–V stimulation of 18 points in the region of the dorsomedial and posterior nuclei of the hypothalamus and in a band extending laterally, inferiorly, and caudally from them. Blood pressure rose during the stimulation of one of these points, fell during stimulation of six, and was unchanged during stimulation of eight. Catecholamine secretion increased during stimulation of 12 of 19 points stimulated at 3–10 v. Selective increases in norepinephrine secretion were not observed. Output of 17-hydroxycorticoids increased without a change in catecholamine secretion when 4 points in the ventral hypothalamus and orbital frontal lobe were stimulated. Increased adrenal medullary secretion was not associated with increased adrenocortical secretion.

PREFERENTIAL RELEASE OF OXYTOCIN FROM THE NEUROHYPOPHYSIS AFTER ELECTRICAL STIMULATION OF THE AFFERENT PATH OF THE MILK-EJECTION REFLEX IN THE BRAIN OF THE GUINEA-PIG

1968 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. TINDAL ◽  
G. S. KNAGGS ◽  
A. TURVEY
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Pituitary Stalk ◽  
Milk Ejection ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Milk Ejection Reflex ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

SUMMARY Discrete portions of the afferent path of the milk-ejection reflex have been explored in the brain of the lactating guinea-pig. Both intramammary pressure and arterial blood pressure were recorded to detect release of oxytocin and vasopressin. It was found that the milk-ejection responses which occurred after electrical stimulation of the pathway in the midbrain and hypothalamus were caused by the release of oxytocin without detectable release of vasopressin. A mixture of oxytocin and vasopressin, in the ratio of approximately 3:1, was released only after electrical stimulation of the rostral tuberal region of the hypothalamus adjacent to the pituitary stalk. It is concluded that the afferent path in the brain of the guinea-pig studied is concerned with the preferential release of oxytocin from the neurohypophysis and that it is the pathway of the milk-ejection reflex.

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