Home-Based In Vivo Desensitization Treatment of Bathroom Avoidance in a Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder

We report the case of a 7-year-old boy who had autism spectrum disorder and displayed disruptive and avoidant behavior when using the bathroom at home with people present in adjoining rooms or nearby the bathroom door. Desensitization treatment was implemented by gradually exposing the boy to proximity of an in-home therapist when he was in the bathroom and positively reinforcing the absence of disruptive behavior. Treatment effectively eliminated bathroom avoidance and generalized to settings outside the home. Intervention outcome was maintained 6- and 7-months post-treatment.

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Correction to: Absence of parvalbumin increases mitochondria volume and branching of dendrites in inhibitory Pvalb neurons in vivo: a point of convergence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk gene phenotypes

Molecular Autism ◽

10.1186/s13229-020-00404-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lucia Janickova ◽

Karin Farah Rechberger ◽

Lucas Wey ◽

Beat Schwaller

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Risk Gene

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

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Treating Patients With Co-occurring Autism Spectrum Disorder and Substance Use Disorder: A Clinical Explorative Study

Substance Abuse Research and Treatment ◽

10.1177/1178221819843291 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 117822181984329 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sissel Berge Helverschou ◽

Anette Ræder Brunvold ◽

Espen Ajo Arnevik

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Substance Use ◽

Well Being ◽

Behavioural Therapy ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Group Supervision ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Outpatient Clinics ◽

Cognitive Behavioural

Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) have been assumed to be rare in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Recent research suggests that the rates of SUD among individuals with ASD may be higher than assumed although reliable data on the prevalence of SUD in ASD are lacking. Typical interventions for SUD may be particularly unsuitable for people with ASD but research on intervention and therapy are limited. Methods: This study addresses ways of improving services for individuals with ASD and SUD by enhancing the competence of professionals in ordinary SUD outpatient clinics. Three therapists were given monthly ASD education and group supervision. The participants were ordinary referred patients who wanted to master their problems with alcohol or drugs. Four patients, all men diagnosed with ASD and intelligence quotient (IQ) ⩾ 70 completed the treatment. The participants were given cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) modified for their ASD over a minimum of 10 sessions. The therapies lasted between 8 and 15 months. Standardised assessments were conducted pre- and post-treatment. Results: Post-treatment, 2 participants had ended their drug and alcohol abuse completely, 1 had reduced his abuse, and 1 still had a heavy abuse of alcohol. Physical well-being was the most prevalent reported positive aspect of drug or alcohol use, whereas the experience of being left out from social interaction was the most frequent negative aspects of intoxication. Conclusions: CBT may represent a promising treatment option for individuals with ASD and SUD. The results suggest that patients’ symptoms can be reduced by providing monthly ASD education and group supervision to therapists in ordinary SUD outpatient clinics. This group of patients need more sessions than other client groups, the therapy has to be adapted to ASD, ie, direct, individualised, and more extensive. Moreover, the patients need psychoeducation on ASD generally, social training, and support to organise several aspects of their lives and some patients need more support than can be provided in an outpatient clinic.

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Distinct neural bases of disruptive behavior and autism symptom severity in boys with autism spectrum disorder

Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽

10.1186/s11689-017-9183-z ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Y. J. Daniel Yang ◽

Denis G. Sukhodolsky ◽

Jiedi Lei ◽

Eran Dayan ◽

Kevin A. Pelphrey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Disruptive Behavior ◽

Symptom Severity ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Neural Bases

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In Vivo Evidence of Reduced Integrity of the Gray–White Matter Boundary in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Cerebral Cortex ◽

10.1093/cercor/bhw404 ◽

2017 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Derek Sayre Andrews ◽

Thomas A. Avino ◽

Maria Gudbrandsen ◽

Eileen Daly ◽

Andre Marquand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

White Matter ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder

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Absence of parvalbumin increases mitochondria volume and branching of dendrites in inhibitory Pvalb neurons in vivo: a point of convergence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk gene phenotypes

Molecular Autism ◽

10.1186/s13229-020-00323-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lucia Janickova ◽

Karin Farah Rechberger ◽

Lucas Wey ◽

Beat Schwaller

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Risk Gene

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Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case Study Examining Effects on ASD Symptoms, Social Engagement, Pretend Play, and Disruptive Behavior

Handbook of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy for Children on the Autism Spectrum ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-03213-5_39 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 677-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Corey C. Lieneman ◽

Mary M. Ruckle ◽

Cheryl B. McNeil

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Disruptive Behavior ◽

Social Engagement ◽

Pretend Play ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Parent Child Interaction Therapy ◽

Child Interaction ◽

Parent Child Interaction

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Social performance–based interventions promote gains in social knowledge in the absence of explicit training for youth with autism spectrum disorder

Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic ◽

10.1521/bumc.2019.83.3.301 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 83 (3) ◽

pp. 301-325 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bianca M. Marro ◽

Erin Kang ◽

Kathryn M. Hauschild ◽

Karys M. Normansell ◽

Tamara M. Abu-Ramadan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽

Social Engagement ◽

Social Performance ◽

Autism Spectrum ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Social Knowledge ◽

Community Based ◽

Social Skills Interventions ◽

Explicit Training

Youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience deficits in social knowledge. It has long been theorized that these youth must learn these skills explicitly, and social skills interventions (SSIs) have followed suit. Recently, performance-based SSIs have emerged, which promote in vivo opportunities for social engagement without explicit instruction. Effects of performance-based SSIs on social knowledge have not been examined. This study employs two discrete samples (one lab-based, one community-based) of youth with ASD to examine the effects of performance-based interventions on social knowledge. Results largely support the efficacy and effectiveness of improving social knowledge by performance-based interventions without explicit teaching. This indicates that youth with ASD may be able to learn these aspects of social cognition implicitly, rather than exclusively explicitly. The results of the current study also suggest that SSI content, dosage, and intensity may relate to these outcomes, which are important considerations in clinical practice and future studies.

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