scholarly journals Instantaneous Quantum Description of Photonic Wavefronts and Applications

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre Vatarescu
Keyword(s):  
Quantum States ◽  
Expectation Values ◽  
Direct Evaluation ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Quantum Description ◽  
Instantaneous Phase ◽  
Consecutive Number ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Pure States ◽  
Phase Sensitive Amplification

By imposing the condition of non-vanishing expectation values for the amplitude and phase of field operators, pure quantum states are identified composed of two consecutive number states.  These pure states also deliver noise-free radiation modes restricting the “half-photon noise” to the expectation value of the lowest level of dynamic and coherent number states. As a result, instantaneous phase-sensitive amplification of photons is easily controlled   and   direct evaluation of time or distance - varying wavefront distributions of photons and phases can be carried out for sub-Poissonian distributions of photons without the need for quasi-probabilities.

scholarly journals Breakdown of the equivalence between gravitational mass and energy due to quantum effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1930020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei G. Lebed
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Quantum States ◽  
Gravitational Mass ◽  
Electron Mass ◽  
Expectation Values ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
State Formula ◽  
Stationary Quantum ◽  
Passive Gravitational Mass ◽  
Internal Degrees Of Freedom

We review our recent theoretical results about inequivalence between passive and active gravitational masses and energy in the semiclassical variant of general relativity, where the gravitational field is not quantized but matter is quantized. To this end, we consider the simplest quantum body with internal degrees of freedom — a hydrogen atom. We concentrate our attention on the following physical effects, related to electron mass. The first one is the inequivalence between passive gravitational mass and energy at the microscopic level. Indeed, the quantum measurement of gravitational mass can give a result which is different from the expected one, [Formula: see text], where the electron is initially in its ground state; [Formula: see text] is the bare electron mass. The second effect is that the expectation values of both the passive and active gravitational masses of stationary quantum states are equivalent to the expectation value of the energy. The most spectacular effects are the inequivalence of the passive and active gravitational masses and the energy at the macroscopic level for an ensemble of coherent superpositions of stationary quantum states. We show that, for such superpositions, the expectation values of passive and active gravitational masses are not related to the expectation value of energy by Einstein’s famous equation, [Formula: see text]. In this paper, we also improve several drawbacks of the original pioneering works.

scholarly journals Breakdown of the equivalence between gravitational mass and energy for a quantum body: Theory and suggested experiments

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1530027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei G. Lebed
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Quantum States ◽  
Gravitational Mass ◽  
Expectation Values ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Stationary Quantum ◽  
Body Theory ◽  
Passive Gravitational Mass ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Active Gravitational Mass

In this paper, we review recent theoretical results, obtained for the equivalence between gravitational mass and energy of a composite quantum body as well as for its breakdown at macroscopic and microscopic levels. In particular, we discuss that the expectation values of passive and active gravitational mass operators are equivalent to the expectation value of energy for electron stationary quantum states in hydrogen atom. On the other hand, for superpositions of the stationary quantum states, inequivalence between the gravitational masses and energy appears at a macroscopic level. It reveals itself as time-dependent oscillations of the expectation values of passive and active gravitational masses, which can be, in principle, experimentally measured. Inequivalence between passive gravitational mass and energy at a microscopic level can be experimentally observed as unusual electromagnetic radiation, emitted by a macroscopic ensemble of the atoms. We propose the corresponding experiment, which can be done on the Earth's orbit, using small spacecraft. If such experiment is done it would be the first direct observation of quantum effects in general relativity.

Four-Wave-Mixing-Based Phase-Sensitive Amplification of Pulsed Signal in Fibers

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 483-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaosheng Xiao ◽  
P.P. Shum ◽  
E.S. Nazemosadat ◽  
Changxi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Four Wave Mixing ◽  
Wave Mixing ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Phase Sensitive Amplification

scholarly journals Phase-sensitive amplification using gain saturation in a nonlinear Sagnac interferometer

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (26) ◽  
pp. 21446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzhang Leng ◽  
Christopher J. K. Richardson ◽  
Julius Goldhar
Keyword(s):  
Gain Saturation ◽  
Sagnac Interferometer ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Phase Sensitive Amplification

scholarly journals 3-dB signal-ASE beat noise reduction of coherent multi-carrier signal utilizing phase sensitive amplification

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (22) ◽  
pp. 24727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Umeki ◽  
Hidehiko Takara ◽  
Yutaka Miyamoto ◽  
Masaki Asobe
Keyword(s):  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Beat Noise ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Phase Sensitive Amplification

PHASE SENSITIVE AMPLIFICATION IN A TWO-PHOTON LASER

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 1250053
Author(s):  
JAVAID ANWAR
Keyword(s):  
Planck Equation ◽  
Atomic Coherence ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Fokker Planck Equation ◽  
Laser Signal ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Phase Sensitive Amplification ◽  
Fokker Planck

A theory of two-photon phase-sensitive amplifier based on two-photon cascade is presented. The atomic coherence is produced by means of two dipole-allowed transitions driven by coherent fields; a practical alternative versus scheme employing coupling between dipole-forbidden levels. The regime of parameters under which a laser signal can be phase locked and amplified is discussed through the corresponding Fokker–Planck equation.

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