The Merger of the Institutions of the European Communities

1967 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon L. Weil
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
European Commission ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Member States ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Energy Community

On April 8, 1965, the representatives of the six member states (Belgium, France, Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Luxembourg and The Netherlands) of the European Communities signed the “Treaty Establishing a Single Council and a Single Commission of the European Communities.” The treaty’s principal object is to replace the executive bodies of the three Communities, i.e., the Commissions of the European Economic Community (E.E.C.) and the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) and the High Authority of the European Coal and Steel Community (E.C.S.C.) by a single European Commission. At the same time, the Councils of Ministers of these three Communities are to be merged into one Council. This Merger Treaty is intended to be the first step toward the ultimate merger of the E.C.S.C, instituted by the Treaty of Paris of April 18, 1951, and the E.E.C. and EURATOM, instituted by the Eome Treaties of March 25, 1957.

European Economic Community and European Atomic Energy Community

1958 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-261
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
European Community ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Energy Community

The European community treaties establishing the European Economic Community (common market) and the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom) were ratified by Italy on October 9, 1957. by Luxembourg on November 26, by Belgium on November 28 and by the Netherlands on December 5 With the ratification thus completed the treaties came into force on January 1, 1958.

Unification of gift and inheritance taxes and the protection of taxpayers – the inheritors and recipients of donations

2021 ◽  
Vol IV (IV) ◽  
pp. 27-47
Author(s):  
Stefan Babiarz
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Union Member ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Member States ◽  
European Economic ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
European Union Member States

Gift and inheritance tax in the European Union Member States is calculated and charged in numerous ways. In the majority of countries of the European Economic Community it constitutes a separate tax. In several countries it is not charged at all or is part of the income tax. Despite the attempts made by the European Commission to unify the legislation of the Member States in this regard, there has been no success. The article presents the above-mentioned attempts of the European Commission, their results and consequences. It identifies the methods of avoiding a double or even triple taxation on cross-border inheritances or donations. This is of crucial significance also to the Polish citizens who demonstrate higher and higher investment activity in the countries of the European Economic Community and third countries.

European Community

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-857
Keyword(s):  
European Community ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Energy Community ◽  
Council Of Ministers

Council of Ministers: The European Economic Community (EEC) Council Of Ministers met on July 29–30, 1964, to discuss the fusion of the EEC, the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), and the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). It also discussed the question of Austria's future relations with the Community and instructed the permanent representatives to prepare draft directives to permit the opening of negotiations with Austria on the subject.

When Germany Accepted a European Industrial Policy: Managing the Decline of Steel from 1977 to 1984

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Warlouzet
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Member States ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Steel Sector ◽  
Supranational Institutions

Abstract From 1977 to 1984, an ambitious European industrial policy was implemented by the European Economic Community for the first and only time in its history. It dealt with the crisis of the steel sector. This paper strives to understand why member states chose this solution, despite the fact that some of them were hostile to the devolution of power to supranational institutions, as for example Britain or France. The most reluctant state was Germany, whose officials usually associated any attempts of EEC-wide industrial policy with dirigism. The paper, based on archives of three governments (Germany, France, the United Kingdom) and of the European Commission, argues that the European solution was best for member states, and in particular for Germany, in order to control their neighbours and avoid a costly subsidy race.

Some Remarks on the External Relations of the European Communities

1977 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Bernhard Schloh
Keyword(s):  
European Economic Community ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
European Economic ◽  
External Relations ◽  
Energy Community

The three European Communities and their institutions There are three European Communities:– the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), established by the Treaty of Paris, of 18 April 1951,– the European Economic Community (EEC, “Common Market”), and– the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM), the two latter both established by the Treaties of Rome, of 25 March 1957.

The European Economic Community: A Sovereign Entity Under its Own Legal Order

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-189
Author(s):  
Ivan Sipkov
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
European Community ◽  
European Economic Community ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Primary Task ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Member States ◽  
European Economic ◽  
The Common

The European Economic Community (EEC), also known as the European Community, the Common Market, and the Community, originated through the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) Treaty. The inaugural agreement was signed in Paris on April 18, 1951, and became effective on July 25, 1952. The original members included Germany, France, Italy, and the Benelux countries of Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands. The primary task of the ECSC Treaty was to create a common market for coal and steel by prohibiting all duties on imports and exports and all quantitative and private restraints on competition. This Treaty is considered the first step towards a united Europe. Its decisive innovation was to entitle the Community's institutions established by the Treaty to directly bind member states and enterprises by means of its decisions.

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