scholarly journals CONSTITUCIONALISMO CORPORATIVO: ENTRE INTERESSES, INOVAÇÃO E RISCOS

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-91
Author(s):  
Wilson Engelmann ◽  
Júnior Roberto Willig

A globalização, ancorada na Quarta Revolução Tecnológica, acompanhada de suas incertezas e riscos, enfraquece os Estados nacionais e abre espaço para novos atores globais, como as corporações, gerando também novos espaços de constitucionalização social. Neste sentido, o problema do presente artigo questiona como o fragmento do constitucionalismo corporativo enfrentará os riscos criados pelas inovações tecnológicas. Assim, este artigo objetiva identificar evidências sobre a idoneidade das corporações na atuação e no desenvolvimento de seus corporate codes of conduct. Para isso, a presente pesquisa utilizará o método fenomenológico hermenêutico, com vistas a penetrar nos fenômenos e com base nas contradições percebê-los em sociedade, sendo que os métodos de procedimento utilizados no presente trabalho serão o método histórico e o comparativo. Desta forma, as reflexões começam com a análise do comportamento da sociedade na era da Quarta Revolução Industrial. Em seguida, procura-se demonstrar as tendências de uma constitucionalização social na globalização. Ao final, busca-se alertar sobre a sociedade de risco e avaliar a idoneidade do constitucionalismo corporativo. Nesse sentido, conclui-se que há evidências que os corporate codes of conduct, em função dos interesses envolvidos, podem desenvolver um “direito corrupto”.

Author(s):  
Sarosh Kuruvilla

This book examines the effectiveness of corporate social responsibility on improving labor standards in global supply chains. The book charts the development and effectiveness of corporate codes of conduct to ameliorate “sweatshop” conditions in global supply chains. This form of private voluntary regulation, spearheaded by Nike and Reebok, became necessary given the inability of third world countries to enforce their own laws and the absence of a global regulatory system for labor standards. Although private regulation programs have been adopted by other companies in many different industries, we know relatively little regarding the effectiveness of these programs because companies don't disclose information about their efforts and outcomes in regulating labor conditions in their supply chains. The book presents data from companies, multi-stakeholder institutions, and auditing firms in a comprehensive, investigative dive into the world of private voluntary regulation of labor conditions. The picture painted is wholistic and raw, but it considers several ways in which this private voluntary system can be improved to improve the lives of workers in global supply chains.


2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Mayer ◽  
Gary Gereffi

Corporate codes of conduct, product certifications, process standards, and other voluntary, non-governmental forms of private governance have proliferated in the last two decades. These innovations are a response to social pressures unleashed by globalization and the inadequacy of governmental institutions for addressing its social and environmental impacts. Private governance has had some notable successes, but there are clear limits to what it alone can be expected to accomplish. We hypothesize that the effectiveness of private governance depends on four main factors: 1) the structure of the particular global value chain in which production takes place; 2) the extent to which demand for a firm's products relies on its brand identity; 3) the possibilities for collective action by consumers, workers, or other activists to exert pressure on producers; and 4) the extent to which commercial interests of lead firms align with social and environmental concerns. Taken together, these hypotheses suggest that private governance will flourish in only a limited set of circumstances. With the trend towards consolidation of production in the largest developing countries, however, we also see a strengthening of some forms of public governance. Private governance will not disappear, but it will be linked to emerging forms of multi-stakeholder institutions.


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