Computations of the time-averaged and phase-averaged fluid flow and heat transfer based on large eddy simulation (LES) are presented for turbulent flows past a square cylinder with and without a nearby wall at a fixed Reynolds number of 2.2×104. The finite-volume technique was used to solve the time-dependent filtered compressible Navier-Stokes equations with a dynamic subgrid-scale turbulence model, and the numerical fluxes were computed using alternating in time the second-order, explicit MacCormack’s and the modified Godunov’s scheme. Results show some improvements in predicting the streamwise evolutions of the long-time-averaged streamwise mean velocity and total fluctuation intensity along the centerline over those predicted by using Reynolds stress models. A better overall centerline streamwise mean velocity distribution is also predicted by the present LES than by other LES. The wall proximity effect is studied through the comparison of turbulent wake flow past one free standing cylinder and one with a nearby wall, and is illustrated by the phase-averaged spanwise vorticity components and the vortex celerity of spanwise vortices. Moreover, documentation is given on the mechanisms responsible for the augmentation of heat transfer through the spanwise and longitudinal vortices as well as periodic and random fluctuations.
Large-Eddy Simulation of Heat Transfer Around a Square Cylinder Using Unstructured Grids