Placental Site Nodule or Plaque

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 590-599
Author(s):  
Badr AbdullGaffar ◽  
Amal AlMulla

Benign endometrial calcifications with or without bone fragments are uncommon clinicopathologic findings. They can be detected during pelvic ultrasonography or as incidental pathologic findings. They have been found to be associated with infertility and menstrual anomalies in young adult patients and in symptomatic postmenopausal women with endometrial atrophy and endometrial polyps. Its exact etiology is unknown, its pathogenesis is controversial, and its clinical importance is not fully validated. We performed a retrospective review study over 7 years and found 11 (0.4%) cases of benign endometrial calcifications. The mean patient age was 45.2 years (range = 20-66 years). All of the women complained of menstrual abnormalities and 4 complained of infertility. Six had a previous procedure of abortion, 2 had oral contraceptive pills, and 4 a course of progesterone therapy. Their size and morphology varied from heterogeneous microcalcifications of variable appearances, shattered glassy chunks to detached bones. Four cases were associated with endometrial polyps, 1 with a placental site nodule, 1 with chronic endometritis, and 1 with endometrial hyperplasia. Most showed secretory endometrial tissue and ciliated cell metaplasia. Two cases showed atrophic endometrium. Etiology and pathogenesis are multifactorial and miscellaneous. Progesterone may play a role. Heterogeneous histomorphologic patterns may carry potential pitfalls. Pathologic recognition is clinically important to reassure clinicians in symptomatic postmenopausal women, alert gynecologists to a treatable albeit rare cause of infertility in younger women, and assist in patients’ counselling. We also included cases of calcifications associated with endometrial malignancies to compare and contrast malignant endometrial calcifications with benign endometrial calcifications.







1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ie-ming Shih ◽  
Jeffrey D Seidman ◽  
Robert J Kurman


2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-214
Author(s):  
Nilsen Yıldırım Erdoğan ◽  
Mustafa Kara


2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunitha Jacob ◽  
Debahuti Mohapatra


2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney A. McCarthy ◽  
Cherie Paquette ◽  
Mauro Colavita ◽  
W. Dwayne Lawrence


2000 ◽  
Vol 196 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chariklia Kouvidou ◽  
Maria Karayianni ◽  
Georgia Liapi-Avgeri ◽  
Helen Toufexi ◽  
Helen Karaïossifidi


1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 562-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.R. Campello ◽  
H. Fittipaldi ◽  
F. O'valle ◽  
R.E. Carvia ◽  
F.F. Nogales


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