scholarly journals Chronic bladder diseases: overactive bladder and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 763-769
Author(s):  
Hana Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Interstitial Cystitis ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Bladder Pain Syndrome ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Urinary Urgency ◽  
Bladder Pain ◽  
Bladder Diseases

Background: Overactive bladder (OAB) and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) are debilitatingchronic bladder diseases that affect patients’ quality of life. Their etiologies and clinical phenotypes vary, and management strategies should be selected after excluding the possibilities of other pathological conditions with careful consideration of a multidisciplinary integrated approach to ensure optimal success.Current Concepts: OAB is a symptom complex characterized by urinary urgency and frequency and nocturia with or without urge incontinence, and its key symptom is urinary urgency. IC/BPS has symptoms similar to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with OAB but also has distinctly different symptoms, including the key symptom of an unpleasant sensation or pain perceived to be related to the urinary bladder associated with LUTS. Recent studies have revealed that these key symptoms of OAB or IC/BPS are also observed in some patients with other diseases. Patients showing no evidence of bacterial infection on urine culture and experiencing LUTS or pain for more than 6 weeks should be considered as having OAB or IC/BPS. Treatment strategies for OAB and IC/BPS focus on managing LUTS and bothersome pain. Noninvasive management should be considered initially, whereas surgical options should be considered only after conservative treatment failure.Discussion and Conclusion: OAB and IC/BPS symptoms overlap considerably in many patients. A more accurate differentiation of symptoms, including LUTS, would help achieve better treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Perceptions of “urgency” in women with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome or overactive bladder

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 402-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Quentin Clemens ◽  
Laura M. Bogart ◽  
Karin Liu ◽  
Chau Pham ◽  
Marika Suttorp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Interstitial Cystitis ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Bladder Pain Syndrome ◽  
Bladder Pain

Adverse Childhood Experiences in Women With Overactive Bladder or Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. e208-e214
Author(s):  
Yuko M. Komesu ◽  
Timothy R. Petersen ◽  
Tessa E. Krantz ◽  
Cara S. Ninivaggio ◽  
Peter C. Jeppson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Interstitial Cystitis ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Bladder Pain Syndrome ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Bladder Pain ◽  
Adverse Childhood

scholarly journals Activation of MrgprA3 and MrgprC11 on bladder-innervating afferents induces peripheral and central hypersensitivity to bladder distension

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Grundy ◽  
Ashlee Caldwell ◽  
Sonia Garcia-Caraballo ◽  
David Grundy ◽  
Nick J. Spencer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
Interstitial Cystitis ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Bladder Pain Syndrome ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Drg Neurons ◽  
Bladder Pain ◽  
Neuropeptide Ff ◽  
Bladder Afferents

AbstractUnderstanding the sensory mechanisms innervating the bladder is paramount to developing efficacious treatments for chronic bladder hypersensitivity conditions. The contribution of Mas-gene-related G protein-coupled receptors (Mrgpr) to bladder signalling is currently unknown. Here we show in mice with single-cell RT-PCR that sub-populations of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons innervating the mouse bladder express MrgprA3 (14%) and MrgprC11 (38%), either individually or in combination, with high levels of co-expression with Trpv1 (81-89%). Calcium imaging studies demonstrated MrgprA3 and MrgprC11 agonists (chloroquine, BAM8-22 and neuropeptide FF) activated sub-populations of bladder-innervating DRG neurons, showing functional evidence of co-expression between MrgprA3, MrgprC11 and TRPV1. In ex vivo bladder-nerve preparations chloroquine, BAM8-22 and neuropeptide FF all evoked mechanical hypersensitivity in sub-populations (20-41%) of bladder afferents. These effects were absent in recordings from Mrgpr-clusterΔ−/− mice. In vitro whole-cell patch clamp recordings showed that application of an MrgprA3/C11 agonist cocktail induced neuronal hyper-excitability in 44% of bladder-innervating DRG neurons. Finally, in vivo instillation of an MrgprA3/C11 agonist cocktail into the bladder of wild-type mice induced a significant activation of dorsal horn neurons within the lumbosacral spinal cord, as quantified by pERK-immunoreactivity. This MrgprA3/C11 agonist-induced activation was particularly apparent within the superficial dorsal horn and the sacral parasympathetic nuclei of wild-type, but not Mrgpr-clusterΔ−/− mice. This study demonstrates, for the first time, functional expression of MrgprA3 and MrgprC11 in bladder afferents. Activation of these receptors is not required for normal bladder function but does trigger hypersensitivity to distension, a critically valuable factor for therapeutic target development.Significance statementDetermining how bladder afferents become sensitized is the first step in finding effective treatments for common urological disorders such as overactive bladder and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome. Here we show that two of the key receptors, MrgprA3 and MrgprC11, that mediate itch from the skin are also expressed on afferents innervating the bladder. Activation of these receptors results in sensitization of bladder afferents, resulting in sensory signals being sent into the spinal cord that prematurely indicate bladder fullness. Targeting bladder afferents expressing MrgprA3 or MrgprC11 and preventing their sensitisation may provide a novel approach for treating overactive bladder and interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.

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