scholarly journals Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy in Medicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasan Kiziltoprak ◽  
Dilara Ozkoyuncu ◽  
Kemal Tekin ◽  
Mustafa Koc

Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy (CSLM) offers high resolution morphological details and generates en-face images with excellent depth discrimination for visualizing different structures of the living human body non-invasively. There have been significant advances in technology since the CSLM was first defined. It has been used commonly, especially in ophthalmological area, in order to diagnose and give direction for the treatment of corneal pathologies. Ocular surface, corneal subbasal nerve plexus, filtering blebs of glaucoma surgery were also investigated widely by CSLM. With the improvements in CSLM technology over time, it is widely used in other fields than ophthalmology. The combined use of CSLM with the slit lamp biomicroscopy and optical coherence tomography will also lead to significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of more diseases in the future.

1995 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 946-952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milind Rajadhyaksha ◽  
Melanie Grossman ◽  
Dina Esterowitz ◽  
Robert H. Webb ◽  
R Rox Anderson

2001 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK A. E. AUTY ◽  
MYRA TWOMEY ◽  
TIMOTHY P. GUINEE ◽  
DANIEL M. MULVIHILL

Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) methods were developed to identify fat and protein in cheeses, milk chocolate and milk powders. Various fluorescent probes were assessed for their ability to label fat or protein in selected food products in situ. Dual labelling of fat and protein was made possible by using mixtures of probes. Selected probes and probe mixtures were then used to study (a) structure development of Mozzarella cheese during manufacture and ripening, and (b) the distribution of fat and protein in milk chocolate made with milk powders containing varying levels of free fat. Microstructural changes in the protein and fat phases of Mozzarella cheese were observed at each major step in processing. Aggregation of renneted micelles occurred during curd formation; this was followed by amalgamation of the para-casein into linear fibres during plasticization. Following storage, the protein phase of the Mozzarella became more continuous; entrapping and isolating fat globules. Chocolate made with a high free-fat spray-dried powder blend showed a homogeneous fat distribution, similar to that of chocolate made with roller-dried milk. Chocolate made with whole milk powder containing 10 g free fat/100 g fat showed a non-homogeneous fat distribution with some fat occluded within milk protein particles. These differences in fat distribution were related to Casson yield value and Casson viscosity of the chocolates.


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