Characterization of Birkhoff’s Conditions by Means of Cover-Preserving and Partially Cover-Preserving Sublattices

In the paper we investigate Birkhoff’s conditions (Bi) and (Bi*). We prove that a discrete lattice L satisfies the condition (Bi) (the condition (Bi*)) if and only if L is a 4-cell lattice not containing a cover-preserving sublattice isomorphic to the lattice S*7 (the lattice S7). As a corollary we obtain a well known result of J. Jakub´ık from [6]. Furthermore, lattices S7 and S*7 are considered as so-called partially cover-preserving sublattices of a given lattice L, S7 ≪ L and S7 ≪ L, in symbols. It is shown that an upper continuous lattice L satisfies (Bi*) if and only if L is a 4-cell lattice such that S7 ≪/ L. The final corollary is a generalization of Jakubík’s theorem for upper continuous and strongly atomic lattices. Keywords: Birkhoff’s conditions, semimodularity conditions, modular lattice, discrete lattices, upper continuous lattice, strongly atomic lattice, cover-preserving sublattice, cell, 4-cell lattice.