This chapter presents three sets of problems and explains how these questions can be answered in an (almost) complete way in terms of Newton polyhedra associated to the given surface S (here, a smooth, finite type hypersurface in R³ with Riemannian surface measure dσ). The first problem is a classical question about estimates for oscillatory integrals, and there exists a huge body of results on it, in particular for convex hypersurfaces. The other two problems had first been formulated by Stein: the study of maximal averages along hypersurfaces has been initiated in Stein's work on the spherical maximal function, and also the idea of Fourier restriction goes back to him.