Italy’s LGBT Movement and Interest Groups

The Italian LGBTQI+ movement emerged in the 1970s in the context of the 1968 and post-1968 protests. Its history is characterized by a discontinuous trajectory, marked by several key moments of internal divisions and conflicts, related to political events, such as the alliance with the Radical Party, in the mid-1970s, or the approval of the same-sex Civil Unions Bill, in 2016. In the history of the Italian LGBTQI+ movement, three moments in particular can be identified that have led from the first revolutionary homosexual front (FUORI), an anti-institutional one, to the foundation of a structured and organized, and then institutionalized, movement both at a local and national level: 1974–1985, a founding moment; 1996–2000, a re-founding moment; 2016–2018, a reconfiguration moment. An intra-comparative diachronic analysis, within the Italian national context, shows how confrontations between different meanings and projects of what an “LGBTQI+ movement” is and has to be have led Italian activists to shape specific social movement organizations and practices.

Approximate Discontinuous Trajectory Hotspots

A hotspot is an axis-aligned square of fixed side length s, where the amount of time a moving entity spends within it is maximised. An exact hotspot of a polygonal trajectory with n edges can be found with time complexity O(n 2). We define a c-approximate hotspot as an axis-aligned square of side length cs, in which the presence duration of the entity is no less than that of an exact hotspot. In this paper we present an algorithm to find a (1 + ϵ)-approximate hotspot of a polygonal trajectory with time complexity O ( n ϕ ϵ log n ϕ ϵ ) O\left( {{{n\phi } \over \varepsilon }\log {{n\phi } \over \varepsilon }} \right) , where ϕ is the ratio of average trajectory edge length to s.