Packing transitions in the elastogranular confinement of a slender loop

An elastic loop, lengthening in a 2D granular array, will buckle into a characteristic folded or circular packing morphology.

Bio-inspired microvascular exchangers employing circular packing – synthetic rete mirabile

We report on the exchange properties of synthetic rete mirabile with biological and abiological analogs. A pattern not found in nature, the “Double Squarer” pattern, had the highest transfer rates.