"Retrieval practice can exacerbate eyewitness’ susceptibility to subsequent misinformation and then produces more false memories is known as Retrieval-Enhanced Suggestibility (RES). In the field of judicial psychology, eyewitness testimony plays a crucial role, and even directly affects the judgment of the suspect. The eyewitnesses may be interfered with by other irrelevant information or repeated inquiries by the police, thus causing misinformation interference from the original information. In all three experiments, this study uses pictures of Chinese criminal investigation dramas as experimental materials. This study examines the mechanism of RES effect by manipulating the feedback from retrieval and warning. The results show that: (1) There is still a significant RES effect on the Chinese context; (2) Both feedback and warning play an important role in the generation of RES. Among them, the feedback enhanced the participant’ memory of the original information and reduced the credibility of misinformation. Thus, the RES effect is reduced; (3) Warnings reduce the credibility of all narrative information, thereby reducing the RES effect. In short, both feedback and warning can reduce the RES effect, but the effect of feedback is more positive and precise."
Warning weakens retrieval-enhanced suggestibility only when it is given shortly after misinformation: The critical importance of timing.
