An Exploratory Study on the Acoustic Musical Properties to Decrease Self-Perceived Anxiety

Musical listening is broadly used as an inexpensive and safe method to reduce self-perceived anxiety. This strategy is based on the emotivist assumption claiming that emotions are not only recognised in music but induced by it. Yet, the acoustic properties of musical work capable of reducing anxiety are still under-researched. To fill this gap, we explore whether the acoustic parameters relevant in music emotion recognition are also suitable to identify music with relaxing properties. As an anxiety indicator, the positive statements from the six-item Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, a self-reported score from 3 to 12, are taken. A user-study with 50 participants assessing the relaxing potential of four musical pieces was conducted; subsequently, the acoustic parameters were evaluated. Our study shows that when using classical Western music to reduce self-perceived anxiety, tonal music should be considered. In addition, it also indicates that harmonicity is a suitable indicator of relaxing music, while the role of scoring and dynamics in reducing non-pathological listener distress should be further investigated.

GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN, SIKAP, DAN TINDAKAN MAHASISWA JURUSAN FARMASI POLTEKKES KEMENKES MEDAN TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN COVID-19

Coronavirus 2019 or COVID-19 is a pandemic that has resulted in high mortality rates in various parts of the world. Good knowledge about the COVID-19 pandemic and clean and healthy living behavior as an effort to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 is important to implement. The purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and actions about COVID-19 among students of the Department of Pharmacy, Poltekkes, Ministry of Health, Medan. This research method uses a descriptive survey with simple random sampling technique. The characteristics of the respondents, totaling 146 people, were obtained online with the criteria for male-female 111 people and male 34 people. For the level of knowledge, the most answered statements for positive statements were statements Strongly Agree (SS) by 70.5%, namely the statement "COVID-19 first emerged from China". Attitude level (SS) is 50% in the statement "Knowing that the spread and transmission of COVID-19 can be through the air, you try to reduce activities outside the home", and Action, positive statement (SS) is 65.1% in the statement "Efforts can be made to break the chain of transmission of COVID-19 is by social distancing and implementing Health Protocols” The conclusion of this study is that the level of knowledge, attitudes, and actions of students(i) towards COVID-19 prevention, are 84,23% (good), 85.53% (good), and 83.64. % (good).

Die mediale Darstellung des Föderalismus während der Corona-Pandemie – Eine Auswertung von Positionen, Konnotationen und Bewertungen in deutschen Tageszeitungen

Die vorliegende Studie stellt die erste umfassende und systematische Analyse der Medienberichterstattung zum deutschen Föderalismus dar. Ausgewertet wurden Positionen, Konnotationen und Bewertungen in 449 Statements aus 14 Tageszeitungen im Zusammenhang mit der Corona-Pandemie für den Zeitraum März bis September 2020. Methodisch werden quantitative und qualitative Ansätze kombiniert, um sowohl Verteilungsmuster als auch Themen und Motive zu erfassen. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen für die Krise, was die Literatur für ‚normale Zeiten‘ annimmt: Eine deutliche Mehrheit aller veröffentlichten Statements zum Föderalismus fällt negativ aus. Dies änderte auch die Phase der Einheitlichkeit der Landesregelungen infolge der Einigung auf einen umfassenden bundesweiten Lockdown nicht. Die erfolgreiche Stabilisierung des Infektionsgeschehens ‚trotz‘ unterschiedlicher Lockerungen in den Ländern führte (absolut) zu weniger negativen Statements, aber nicht zu substantiell positiven. Mehrheitlich negative Statements finden sich in der Gruppe der Bevölkerung, der JournalistInnen und auch der PolitikerInnen insgesamt; mehrheitlich positive Statements finden sich lediglich bei LandespolitikerInnen der CDU/CSU.

PENGENALAN KODE ETIK PENULISAN KARYA TULIS ILMIAH SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN MAHASISWA DALAM MENYUSUN MAKALAH

ABSTRAKKegiatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman mahasiswa tentang jenis-jenis dan susunan karya tulis ilmiah, pedoman penulisan karya tulis ilmiah, dan penelusuran database pengindeks sebagai sumber referensi. Kegiatan workshop ini dilakukan secara luring di Akademi Dakwah Indonesia Provinsi NTB dengan peserta berjumlah 10 orang. Evaluasi kegiatan dilakukan menggunakan angket skala Likert 5 option yang berisi lima pernyataan positif. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pemahaman mahasiswa terhadap materi yang telah disampaikan rata-rata sebesar 85,2%. Pemahaman tentang karya ilmiah yang telah diperoleh semoga dapat diterapkan di masa mendatang guna menghasilkan karya tulis yang berkualitas dan bermutu. Kata kunci: kode etik publikasi; karya tulis ilmiah; menyusun makalah ABSTRACTThis activity aims to improve students' understanding of the types and arrangements of scientific papers, guidelines for writing scientific papers, and tracing indexing databases as reference sources. This workshop activity was conducted offline at the Indonesian Dawah Academy of NTB Province with 10 participants. Evaluation of activities is carried out using the Likert 5 option scale questionnaire which contains five positive statements. The evaluation results showed that the level of student understanding of the material that has been delivered is on average 85,2%. Understanding of scientific work that has been obtained hopefully can be applied in the future to produce quality and quality writing Keywords: code of ethics of publications; scientific papers; drafting papers

A Study on the Types of Perceptions Held by Students Regarding the ‘Classics Reading’ Course as Part of the Liberal Arts Education in University －Focusing on ‘Reading Arete Classics’ of K University

The purpose of this study was to investigate the types of perceptions held by students regarding the ‘Reading Arete Classics’ course, which was offered as a liberal arts program at K University. For this purpose, Q methodological analysis was used to study subjectivity among the students, such as individual perception and belief. The Q population was composed based on literature analysis, in-depth interviews, survey materials on Reading Classics, and after expert reviewing the Q sample was composed of 33 statements. 31 students of ‘Reading Arete Classics’ were selected as P samples, and the data were analyzed using the PQ method 2.35 program. The data analysis based on the most positive statements, negative statements and identification items, along with the types of perceptions concerning ‘Reading Arete Classics’, were classified into the three types. Type 1, which was called “discovering the value of classics”, revealed the value of classics and the pleasure of reading books through ‘Reading Arete Classics’. Type 2, called “discovering the pleasure of discussion”, taught the joy of discussion during the discussion process of ‘Reading Arete Classics’. Type 3 called “discovering the value of collaboration” showed the students the fun and the value of engaging in joint activities while making and solving the problems posed by the questions for discussion through team activities. The results of this study will be used as basic data to improve reading classics classes as liberal arts courses.

Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbahasa Peserta Didik MAN 1 Mataram Melalui Pendekatan Konstruktivistik

This study aims to improve students' language skills through a constructivist approach at MAN 1 Mataram. This research method uses classroom action research. The subjects of this study were students of class XI IBB MAN 1 Mataram. Data collection techniques in this study used tests, observations, and questionnaires. While the data analysis technique is quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. From this research, it can be concluded that the constructivist approach can improve students' language skills. The success of using this constructivist approach is shown by 36 out of 41 students in class XI IBB MAN 1 Mataram who managed to score above the KKM. This exceeded the target set before the study was conducted, which was 33 people. In addition, the percentage of students who chose to agree with positive statements related to language skills was 76%, exceeding the target set by 75%.

Sadder and Less Gullible?—Investigating Depressive Realism Effects in Judgments of Veracity

Introduction: Depressive realism literature suggests that depressed individuals’ negative self-view is correlated with less self-serving positivity bias. Also, research suggests some social cognitive advantages for individuals with subclinical levels of depression (dysphoria), especially in identifying negative emotions. This study tested the hypothesis that individuals with dysphoric symptoms show less of a truth bias and are more accurate at detecting deception. Moreover, this effect was expected to be stronger in positive statements (I like) than in negative (I dislike) statements. Finally, a lower judgment confidence and a more accurate assessment of their lie detection ability were expected to be found in individuals with dysphoric symptoms. Methods: Two hundred-sixty-nine participants judged the veracity of 24 video statements. Analyses tested the hypotheses with three different measures of depression: the IPIP-240 Depression Subscale, the PHQ-9, and the DESC-I. Results: In contrast to the assumptions, results found no evidence that individuals with dysphoric symptoms were better at identifying false and true messages in general. While higher scores of the DESC-I were negatively correlated with accuracy in lie detection, the IPIP-240 and the PHQ-9 were found to be not significantly correlated with lie detection accuracy. While for like statements individuals with dysphoric symptoms and individuals without (measured with the DESC-I) were not different in accuracy, individuals with dysphoric symptoms had lower accuracy scores in dislike statements than individuals without. Moreover, the PHQ-9 found lower measures of judgment confidence in individuals with dysphoric symptoms compared to individuals without, while the other depression measurements showed no significant differences. Furthermore, no evidence for a more accurate assessment of lie detection ability in individuals with dysphoric symptoms was found. Discussion: Results and directions for future research are discussed.

HOUSEHOLDS PRACTICE AND AWARENESS DIMENSION ON THE RECYCLING OF ELECTRONIC WASTE IN KANO METROPOLIS, NIGERIA

Electronic waste generation has been increasing at a rate three times faster than that of general waste stream. Developing nations like Nigeria bear the consequences as it is estimated that 500 containers, each carrying about 500,000 used computers and other electronic equipment, enter Nigeria’s ports every month from the United States, Europe and Asia. To this effect, The United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) and the Federal Government of Nigeria have announced a $15 million initiative to establish an electronic system in Nigeria, which will pioneer safe e-waste recycling in the country. It is against this background that this study was conducted to determine the households’ awareness and practice towards the recycling of e-waste, as well as the most suitable collection pattern within Kano Metropolis. The data for this study was collected using Open Data Kit (ODK) mobile phone platform, which contained questions on households’ characteristics, current practices regarding disposal and recycling of electronic waste as well as their awareness dimension on the recycling of e-waste. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to estimate the average number of unused households’ appliances and also to analyse household awareness and practice. The awareness dimension of the surveyed households about recycling of electronic waste was determined and 97% of the households are aware of the significance of electronic waste recycling. The positive statements presented about awareness indicates a positive awareness dimension about the significance of recycling electronic waste. Among the sampled households, 23% engage in e-waste recycling, and they all do this by selling their wastes (electronic waste, inclusive) to house-to-house scavengers. Majority of the households (77.4%) do not recycle electronic waste. They either keep them at home for decoration, give them out for free, burn them or dispose them in open dumpsites. The average quantity of e-waste prese

Development of Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) Strategy Assisted by Rebuttal Texts on Newton's Law Material with Rasch Analysis

This study aimed to develop Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) strategy with refutation text based on Newton's Law. The research design used was 4D (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). The participants consisted of 31 students (15 male students and 16 female students) with an age range of 15-16 years selected from the tenth grade of a public high school in Sukabumi, Indonesia. The instruments used were lesson plan validation sheets and a questionnaire containing 20 statements (11 positive and nine negative statements) with a Likert scale. The scores for positive statements move sequentially from four to one, while the scores for negative statements move sequentially from one to four. The analysis used in this study was the Rasch analysis. As a result, the lesson plan's codes for indicators have an unrevised assessment, while the Language, Concept, Strategy, Objective, and Time codes must be revised. The student responses indicated that all students did not agree with all negative statements, except for S26, S07, S28, and S01. Meanwhile, all students agreed to all positive statements given. Thus, it can be concluded that the POE strategy assisted by rebuttal text can better help students to understand Newton's Law material.

No, No One Had Fun. Individual Differences in Nonliteral Language Perception

Nonliteral language represents a complex form of communication that can be interpreted in numerous different ways. Our study explored how individual differences in personality and communication styles affect the evaluation of literal and nonliteral language in the context of assumptions made by the Tinge Hypothesis (Dews & Winner, 1995). Participants watched videos of social interactions focusing on positive, negative, sarcastic, and jocular statements. They evaluated speaker intentions and social impressions and completed several personality and communication style questionnaires. Individual differences in empathy, defense style, and sarcasm use correlated with the accuracy of identifying speaker intent. Additionally, positive statements were rated as friendlier when compared to jocular statements, thereby supporting the Tinge Hypothesis. However, literal negative statements were rated as more friendly than sarcastic statements, which is inconsistent with the Tinge Hypothesis. The current results provide novel evidence for the Tinge Hypothesis using multimodal, dynamic stimuli and highlight the role of the individual personality of the recipient in evaluating sarcasm and jocularity.