scholarly journals The impact of early environmental interventions on structural plasticity of the axon initial segment in neocortex

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoumeh Nozari ◽  
Toshimitsu Suzuki ◽  
Marcello G. P. Rosa ◽  
Kazuhiro Yamakawa ◽  
Nafiseh Atapour
Keyword(s):  
Initial Segment ◽  
Structural Plasticity ◽  
Axon Initial Segment ◽  
Environmental Interventions ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals A period of structural plasticity at the axon initial segment in developing visual cortex

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Gutzmann ◽  
Nursah Ergül ◽  
Rebecca Grossmann ◽  
Christian Schultz ◽  
Petra Wahle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Initial Segment ◽  
Structural Plasticity ◽  
Axon Initial Segment

scholarly journals Structural Plasticity of Synaptopodin in the Axon Initial Segment during Visual Cortex Development

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 4662-4675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annabelle Schlüter ◽  
Domenico Del Turco ◽  
Thomas Deller ◽  
Annika Gutzmann ◽  
Christian Schultz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Initial Segment ◽  
Structural Plasticity ◽  
Axon Initial Segment

scholarly journals Theoretical relation between axon initial segment geometry and excitability

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Goethals ◽  
Romain Brette
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Simple Formula ◽  
Initial Segment ◽  
Axon Initial Segment ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Theoretical Relation ◽  
Modest Increase ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn most vertebrate neurons, action potentials are triggered at the distal end of the axon initial segment (AIS). Both position and length of the AIS vary across and within neuron types, with activity, development and pathology. What is the impact of AIS geometry on excitability? Direct empirical assessment has proven difficult because of the many potential confounding factors. Here we carried a principled theoretical analysis to answer this question. We provide a simple formula relating AIS geometry and sodium conductance density to the somatic voltage threshold. A distal shift of the AIS normally produces a (modest) increase in excitability, but we explain how this pattern can reverse if a hyperpolarizing current is present at the AIS, due to resistive coupling with the soma. This work provides a theoretical tool to assess the significance of structural AIS plasticity for electrical function.

scholarly journals Myosin II activity is required for structural plasticity at the axon initial segment

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 1751-1757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Evans ◽  
Candida Tufo ◽  
Adna S. Dumitrescu ◽  
Matthew S. Grubb
Keyword(s):  
Initial Segment ◽  
Myosin Ii ◽  
Structural Plasticity ◽  
Axon Initial Segment

scholarly journals Evaluating Tools for Live Imaging of Structural Plasticity at the Axon Initial Segment

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adna S. Dumitrescu ◽  
Mark D. Evans ◽  
Matthew S. Grubb
Keyword(s):  
Initial Segment ◽  
Structural Plasticity ◽  
Live Imaging ◽  
Axon Initial Segment

Axon initial segment structural plasticity in animal models of genetic and acquired epilepsy

2013 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary C. Harty ◽  
Tae Hwan Kim ◽  
Evan A. Thomas ◽  
Lisa Cardamone ◽  
Nigel C. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Initial Segment ◽  
Structural Plasticity ◽  
Axon Initial Segment ◽  
Acquired Epilepsy

Axon Initial Segment Structural Plasticity is Involved in Seizure Susceptibility in a Rat Model of Cortical Dysplasia

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 878-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong-Wei Yue ◽  
Ye-Lan Wang ◽  
Bo Xiao ◽  
Li Feng
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Initial Segment ◽  
Structural Plasticity ◽  
Cortical Dysplasia ◽  
Axon Initial Segment ◽  
Seizure Susceptibility

scholarly journals A Distinct Subtype of Dopaminergic Interneuron Displays Inverted Structural Plasticity at the Axon Initial Segment

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1573-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Chand ◽  
E. Galliano ◽  
R. A. Chesters ◽  
M. S. Grubb
Keyword(s):  
Initial Segment ◽  
Structural Plasticity ◽  
Axon Initial Segment ◽  
Distinct Subtype

scholarly journals Theoretical relation between axon initial segment geometry and excitability

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Goethals ◽  
Romain Brette
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Simple Formula ◽  
Initial Segment ◽  
Axon Initial Segment ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Theoretical Relation ◽  
Modest Increase ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

In most vertebrate neurons, action potentials are triggered at the distal end of the axon initial segment (AIS). Both position and length of the AIS vary across and within neuron types, with activity, development and pathology. What is the impact of AIS geometry on excitability? Direct empirical assessment has proven difficult because of the many potential confounding factors. Here, we carried a principled theoretical analysis to answer this question. We provide a simple formula relating AIS geometry and sodium conductance density to the somatic voltage threshold. A distal shift of the AIS normally produces a (modest) increase in excitability, but we explain how this pattern can reverse if a hyperpolarizing current is present at the AIS, due to resistive coupling with the soma. This work provides a theoretical tool to assess the significance of structural AIS plasticity for electrical function.

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